Presentation on provenance use cases from data.gov.uk and introduction of opmv for the prov-xg meeting on 2010-Oct-08.

1. +
The Open Provenance
Model Vocabulary
Jun Zhao
University of Oxford
Jun.zhao@zoo.ox.ac.uk

2. +
Outline
 Background about data.gov.uk
 The use cases
 XML serialization
 Data transformation on the fly
 Complex and nested processes
 Provenance of non-digital artifacts
 The Open Provenance Model Vocabulary (OPMV)
 The rationale
 An overview
 Examples
 Future work
 Summary

3. +
data.gov.uk
 Linking UK government data
 Aims:
 Provide a set of best practices for government agencies
 Provide the minimum set of tooling and specification to facilitate
the publication and consumption of data
 Encourage “responsible” data publishing

4. +
Downloaded from;
Unzipped from, etc input output Made accessible
XSLT Processor
XSLT
Parameter RDF File
Binding
XSLT
Stylesheet Who, when,
which version,
XSLT Template how
Contributed by Jeni Tennison

5. +
On-the-fly Transformation
Who, when,
which
version,
how
http://mytransportatio.db/j10
Data
transformation
wrapper
Contributed by Stuart Williams

6. +
Complex Data Creation Pipeline
Document Reset PR
GATE Pipeline ANNIE English
Tokeniser
ANNIE English Splitter
GateXMLRegressionTransformati ANNIE POS Tagger
on
Data.gov.uk
Morphological Analyzer
Data.gov.uk Flexible
GateXMLRdfaTransformation Roof Gazetteer
Data.gov.uk Generic
Gazeteer
GATE Noun Phrase
Chunker
RdfaRdfXmlTransformation
Data.gov.uk Generic
Transducer
TSO Coreference
Courtesy of Paul Appleby from TSO (Data Enrichment Service)

7. Services used by execuGons
S3 S2 S1
accessedService
wasTriggeredBy wasTriggeredBy
p3 p2 p1 Level 1: Provenance
of execuGon
iteraGonOfProcess at a higher level
hasParentProcess
p4
followed p5 p21 p22
Level 0: Provenance
of execuGon at a
detailed level
wasGeneratedBy wasGeneratedBy wasGeneratedBy
d6 d5 d3 d2 An arGfact d1
A data collecGon
wasDerivedFrom d4

8. +
Non-digital Data Objects
 Organizations
 Organizational structure changes over time
 Origin organization, resulting Organization
 Boundary
 Legislation
An organizaGon ontology: hOp://www.epimorphics.com/public/vocabulary/org.html

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The Challenges
 Data of different representations, of physical forms, of
granularity
 Not tooling support
 Provenance across different types of systems
 Identification
 Different terminologies

10. +
The Gaps
 A vocabulary being able to describe provenance of all types
of data, from different systems
 A vocabulary providing enough terms to describe
provenance accurately
 Guidance on creating and publishing provenance on the Web
 Tool supports for creating and publishing provenance on the
Web
 Provenance access

11. +
The Open Provenance Model
Vocabulary
 Based on the Open Provenance Model
 Enable “responsible” data publication, in order to trace the
responsible agents and to reproduce results
 Enable to describe provenance of any types of data
 An alternative implementation of the OWL OPM Serialization

12. +
The Rationale
 Grounded upon existing SW technologies
 Do not explicitly define a graph, OPMGraph
 Named Graphs
 Reuse existing vocabularies
 Lightweight
 3 classes and 12 properties
 Reuse 3 classes from the W3C Time Ontology
 Easy to use and extend

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Overview of the Vocabulary
 Defined as a vocabulary expressed using OWL
 Implement the core concepts of the Open Provenance Model
 No specific granularity prescribed
 Partitioned into:
 The Core Module
 Other typed modules: common, xml, gate, sparql

14. +
Overview of OPMV
wasDerivedFrom
Agent wasUsedAt
Artifact
wasGeneratedAt
wasControlledBy
used
wasGeneratedBy
wasPerformedAt time:
Process TemporalEntity
1 prefix time: http://www.w3.org/2006/time# wasTriggeredBy
Object properGes implemenGng OPM time:Interval time:Instant
wasStartedAt
Object properGes not as exactly
wasEndedAt
defined in OPM
rdfs:subClassOf relaGonships withRespectOf

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The When and Who of an Artifact
_:d0
rdf:type opmv:Artifact ;
opmv:wasGeneratedAt _:t0 ;
opmv:wasGeneratedBy [
rdf:type opmv:Process ;
opmv:wasPerformedBy _:p0
]
.
_:t0
rdf:type time:Instant ;
time:inXSDDateTime "2010-10-07T12:09:00Z"^^xsd:dateTime ;
.
_:p0
rdf:type opmv:Agent, foaf:Agent ;
.

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The Creation of An artifact (PC 3)
pc1:p5 rdf:type opmv:Process ; rdfs:label "Reslice 1" .
pc1:a3 rdf:type opmv:Artifact
opmv:wasGeneratedBy [
rdf:type opmv:Process;
opmv:used pc1:p1 ;
opmv:wasPerformedAt [
rdf:type time:Interval ;
time:hasBeginning [
a time:Instant ;
time:inXSDDateTime "{PROCESS START TIME}"^^xsd:dateTime ] ;
time:hasEnd time:hasBeginning [
a time:Instant ;
time:inXSDDateTime "{PROCESS END TIME}"^^xsd:dateTime ]
]
].

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The Provenance of An Organization
@Prefix org: <http://www.w3.org/ns/org#>
eg:org1
rdf:type org:Organization, opmv:artifact ;
org:resultedFrom [ ### subPropertyOf opmv:wasGeneratedBy
rdf:type org:ChangeEvent, opmv:Process ;
org:originalOrganization eg:org0 ; ### subPropertyOf opmv:used
]
.

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Using Named Graphs for OPM Accounts
pc1:gr_273 {
pc1:p5 rdf:type opmv:Process ;
rdfs:label "Reslice 1" .
pc1:a3 rdf:type opmv:Artifact
opmv:wasGeneratedBy [
rdf:type opmv:Process;
opmv:used pc1:p1 ] .
pc1:p1 rdf:type opmv:Artifact .
}
pcl:gr_273 rdf:type <http://www.w3.org/2004/03/trix/rdfg-1/Graph> .

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Comparison with OPM OWL
 A more intuitive OWL ontology and RDF representation
 Take full advantage of SW technologies
 Lack of explicit semantics for graph membership
 Less expressivity, e.g. no cardinality constraints

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Future Development
 More typed modules
 A guide on how to publish provenance
 Where and how much
 What is the minimum provenance
 How to represent the information

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Summary
 The vocabulary is well-accepted and easy to understand for
the data.gov.uk team
 Experimental adoption, not yet large scale production
 Missing the guidance on what provenance information to be
created and published, and how
 Lack of ideas about how provenance information will be used

22. This work is created by Jun Zhao
and licensed under a Creative
Commons Attribution-Share Alike
+ 3.0 License
(http://creativecommons.org/
licenses/by-sa/3.0/)