1. Separation of Powers
Checks and Balances
How do these
principles of
democracy protect
the people?

2. Separation of Powers
•Dividing different powers among
three branches of government
•Prevents one branch from gaining
too much power
•Legislative, Judicial, and
Executive branches have their
own unique powers

4. Analysis
•Why is it important to
separate the powers of
the government? Think
about the other
principles of
democracy…

5. Checks and Balances
• Powers each branch has that allows
them to check up on the other
branches
• Prevents branches from abusing
their powers
• Preserves the separation of powers
• Requires cooperation between the
branches of government

6. Legislative Branch
(House and Senate)
• Can override a presidential veto
• Can impeach and remove the president
• Ratifies presidential appointments
• Authorizes/appropriates funds for
legislation
• Checks on the judiciary
• Can impeach and remove judges
• Confirms federal judges

7. Executive Branch
(President and Cabinet)
• Proposes legislation (laws)
• Vetoes legislation (laws)
• Makes treaties w/ foreign
countries
• Checks on the judiciary
• Appoints federal judges
• Enforces court decisions

8. Judicial Branch
(Supreme Court and Lower Courts)
• Reviews executive decisions
• Checks on Congress
• Reviews congressional laws
• Judicial Review (executive and
legislative)
• Supreme Court Justices appointed
for life

11. Analysis
• What are some problems with the checks
and balances system?
• The Constitution is vague in some parts of
these powers. How can this cause a
problem for each branch?
• How does this system promote
cooperation between the branches of
government?
• Which branch has the most power? Why?