2. It could be said that photography was not
“invented”…
But that it evolved over time.
3. The word “photo graphy” comes from two
Greek words that mean “writing with light.”
The first time the word photography was
used was in 1839 when the invention of the
first photographic process was made public.
4. The idea for creating a permanent
“photographic” image came from
experimentation with the camera obscura.
The camera obscura (latin for dark room) was
first used about 2400 years ago.
5. The camera obscura was essentially a device
that projected an image upside down onto a
surface.
Artists used this device to create accurate
proportions in their paintings.
The camera obscura in its basic form is a box
with a pinhole in it to let in light.
6.
7. Since its first use, artists and scientists alike
tried to find a way to make the camera
obscura’s image permanent.
Eventually this experimentation led to the
invention of photography
8. In 1826, Joseph Niépce invented the first
photographic process he called heliography.
The heliographic process involved coating a
sheet of pewter with a light sensitive asphalt
material that hardened when exposed to
light. The pewter sheet was placed in front of
the camera obscura to create the image.
9.
10. Shortly after developing heliography, Niépce
became partners with Louis Daguerre.
Together they worked to improve the
heliographic process.
Even at its best the heliographic process took
several hours to create one image.
11. After Niépce’s death Daguerre continued to
work on the process, eventually creating a
new process- the Daguerrotype in 1837.
This photographic process involved coating
silver, a known light sensitive material, onto a
copper plate.
It shortened the heliography process of
several hours to several minutes and created
a more detailed image.
12.
13. Although the Daguerrotype was hugely
popular it had downfalls:
The images it created were not reproducible.
The chemicals used in the process were highly
toxic, causing severe health problems for the
daguerrotypists.
14. In 1839, William Talbot introduced a new
photographic process, the calotype- this one
creating an image on paper.
Talbot’s process exposed the silver-gelatin
coated paper to light, and then ran the
exposed paper through various chemical
processes.
The Calotype had one clear advantage over
its predecessors- reproducibility. This was the
beginning of modern photography.
15.
16. Although the Calotypes were reproducible,
they were not as detailed or as clear as the
earlier dagguerotypes.
Frederick Scott Archer solved this problem in
1851 by creating the collodion wet-plate
process. This process used similar chemicals
to his earlier calotype process but placed the
chemicals on a glass plate, eliminating the
rough quality of the prints.
17. Although this process was reproducible and
created a detailed image it had one major
disadvantage.
Since the negative was made on a glass plate
and needed to be processed immediately, it
meant you had to have an entire dark room
with you every time you took a picture.
18.
19. Until the 1880s most people had been
photographed but very few people actually
knew how to take or develop a photo.
All this changed with the invention of the roll
of film. Putting the light sensitive material on
an easy to handle roll made photography
accessible to everyone.
20. George Eastman was the first to market roll film
commercially.
His company, Eastman Kodak Company,
developed a portable camera pre-loaded with
film.
Customers would purchase the camera, take
their pictures, and send them off to be
developed.
They would then receive their developed
pictures and their returned cameras with a new
roll of film.
THUS MODERN PHOTOGRAPHY
23. Ancient Chinese and Camera Obscura- 2400
Greeks years ago
Joseph Niépce Heliography- 1826
Louis Daguerre Daguerrotype- 1837
William Talbot Calotype- 1851
Frederick Scott Archer Collodion wet-plate
process
George Eastman Kodak camera
company/ roll film-
1880’s
24. After the invention of the Kodak camera the
popularity and inventions of photography
skyrocketed.
Your assignment: create a timeline of the
inventions and major milestones of
photography since the creation of the Kodak.
Your timeline MUST be created using Adobe
InDesign.
25. Your timeline MUST include:
The top 15 most important discoveries in
photography since the Kodak camera
Photographs of these discoveries
Each discovery MUST include a description of what
the discovery was, who discovered it, and when it was
discovered.
You ARE being graded on your ability to make a
timeline that follows all guidelines, is accurate,
informative, and visually pleasing.
