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BUKIDNON STATE UN I V E R S I T Y
GRADUATE SCHOOL
City of Malaybalay, Bukidnon 700
Tel (088) 221-2237; Telefax (088)813-2717
www.bsc.edu.ph




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                           Introduction     Concept    Problem   Method

                            Findings      Conclusion    Recommendations
The Lake Mainit Development Alliance
(LMDA) is an inter-local cooperation of                              1

                                                                     2
local and national government agencies
                                                                     3
and     civil   societies    that  provides
                                                                     4
environmental management programs as
                                                                     5
important services to the Lake Mainit
                                                                     6
influence area and its communities.
                                                                     7
      Upland and lowland management
      River management
      Lake management, and
      Institutional strengthening.
                        Communities’ Satisfaction on LMDA Services
Communities surrounding Lake Mainit
               area have been playing crucial role as
               partners and stakeholders of LMDA in the
               conservation and protection of the entire                                 1
Introduction



               Lake        Mainit   ecosystem.     The                                   2

               interest, support, and involvement of                                     3

                                                                                         4
               community stakeholders and CSOs
                                                                                         5
               particularly NGOs and POs are important
                                                                                         6
               and useful in achieving the overall
                                                                                         7
               objectives of the LMDA.
                                                                 Sustainability
                                             Monitoring &
                             Implementatio    Evaluation
                 Planning,         n
                                             Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
Mission    Vision    Goal      Objectives
                                                            PMC        Member
                                                                                 Services
                                                              O          s


                             Lake Mainit Development Alliance (LMDA)
What is LMDA? Introduction



                             is composed of multi-stakeholders from
                                                                                                   1
                             ten local government units (LGUs), six                                2
                             government line agencies (GLAs) and civil                             3
                             society particularly, NGOs, POs, and                                  4
                             academe.                                                              5

                                                                                                   6

                                                                                                   7




                                                   Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
Based on the alliance Manual of
                             Operations, the signatories have following
                             duty to LMDA:                                                        1
                               The ten LGUs shall annually contribute
Member Respo. Introduction




                                                                                                  2
                               funds for the operations of the LMDA                               3
                               based on the agreed work and financial                             4
                               plans: Php150,000.00 per provincial LGU                            5
                               and Php50,000.00 per municipal LGU;                                6
                               The six GLAs shall provide technical
                                                                                                  7
                               assistance and other necessary resources
                               to achieve the objectives of the alliance;
                               Function as the Board of Trustees and
                               assigned action officer or focal person to
                               LMDA                   Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
A Program Management Office (PMO)
                    established at the host LGU and as the                          1
PMCO Introduction




                    fund manager of the pooled trust fund :                         2
                        Municipality of Kitcharao (1999-                            3
                        April 2012)                                                 4
                        Province of Surigao del Norte (April                        5

                        2012-present                                                6

                                                                                    7
                    Recognized      by     the     Regional
                    Development     Council     per    RDC
                    Resolution No. 11 series of 1999 (dated
                    04 June 1999)
                                        Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
A           diverse
                                                                                            1
                      ecosystem with crystal
Vision Introduction




                                                                                            2
                      clear and safe waters
                      surrounded by verdant                                                 3

                      mountains and endowed                                                 4

                      with abundant natural                                                 5

                      resources, and as an                                                  6
                      ecotourism     destination                                            7
                      sustainably managed by
                      an empowered citizenry
                      for             economic
                      development           and
                      environmental protection. Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
1
                            With the aid of Divine providence guided by the
LMDA Mission Introduction




                            principles of growth and development between                             2
                            communities and generation through skilled and                           3
                            resourceful personnel, the LMDA extends technical                        4
                            assistance to LGU’s in         effective and efficient
                                                                                                     5
                            delivery of basic services, enforcement of
                            environmental laws        and policies   to pursue the                   6
                            sustainable development and management of Lake                           7
                            Mainit through promotion of ecological            and
                            recreational values, conservation, protection of
                            natural resources,            enhancement for the
                            empowerment for the improvement of the quality of
                            life of its constituents.
                                                         Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
1
Goals Introduction




                     To properly manage                                                  2

                     the Lake Mainit                                                     3

                                                                                         4
                     ecosystem and
                                                                                         5
                     develop potential
                                                                                         6
                     resources in order to
                                                                                         7
                     reduce poverty and
                     improve the quality
                     of life of the people
                     in the area. 
                                             Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
Objectives Introduction




                                                                                              1
                          1. To conserve the aquatic resources and to                         2
                             enhance their economic, ecological and                           3
                             recreational value.                                              4
                          2. To properly manage forestlands and                               5
                             improve the land cover within the                                6
                             watershed.                                                       7
                          3. To promote greater involvement of the
                             government, the private sector, local
                             communities and other stakeholders in
                             the sustainable management of the Lake
                                                  Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
1
5 EMP Components Introduction




                                                                                             2
                                1. Upland and lowland development                            3
                                   and management                                            4
                                2. River management                                          5

                                3. Lake management                                           6

                                                                                             7
                                4. Urban settlement area management
                                5. Institutional strengthening


                                                 Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
Revealed       major      environmental                            1
                           problems in Lake Mainit ecosystem                                  2
Envi. Probs Introduction




                           are:     continuing     denudation                    of           3
                           forestlands, mining and quarrying,                                 4

                           increasing lakeshore population, use of                            5

                           agrochemicals, illegal fishing methods,                            6

                           siltation and sedimentation of rivers,                             7

                           flooding, and declination of Lake Mainit
                           fishery resources. (LMDA, 2000; Oatley,
                           2005; Crook, 2006; De Guzma, et.al,
                           2009)                  Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
The              proposed
                                                                                          1
Proposed Introduction




                        development         plans;
                                                                                          2
                        common      desire    and
                                                                                          3
                        concern    to     address
                                                                                          4
                        environmental problems in
                                                                                          5
                        the Lake Mainit ecosystem                                         6
                        provoked               the
                                                                                          7
                        establishment    of    the
                        LMDA (ESSC, 2011).


                                              Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
The        LMDA’s         Environmental
                   Management Plan (EMP) and Lake                                    1
                   Mainit Agenda presented development
EMP Introduction




                                                                                     2
                   and ecosystem management approach                                 3

                   of the alliance to respond to the                                 4

                   identified environmental issues and                               5

                   concern in Lake Mainit ecosystem                                  6

                                                                                     7




                                         Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
With its 13 years of existence, the LMDA
               demonstrates      important     milestone                          1
               accomplishments       on     areas      on                         2
Introduction




               environment      and      socio-economic                           3

               enhancement           with        tangible                         4

               environmental        and        enterprise                         5

               development initiatives in partnership                             6

               with the communities, civil society,                               7

               LGUs, GLAs and other stakeholders in
               Lake Mainit.

                                      Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
While the CSO and community
                         stakeholders       have     been     playing                         1
                         significant    role     as    partners     in                        2
                         environmental         conservation      and                          3
Why this? Introduction




                         protection of Lake Mainit ecosystem, it is                           4

                         important to determine and recognize                                 5

                         their level of satisfaction on LMDA’s                                6

                         environmental management programs. It                                7

                         is for this justification that this study is
                         conducted.

                                                  Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
The study is based on the                                    1

                                                             2
multi-stakeholder approach                                   3

to ecosystem management                                      4
                                                             5
as illustrated in the Lake                                   6

Mainit         Environmental                                 7

Management Plan (EMP).

                Communities’ Satisfaction on LMDA Services
Ecosystem        management       approach
EMA Conceptual Framework




                           embraces a holistic and inter-disciplinary                          1
                           approach that recognizes comprehensive                              2
                           action and analysis. It also recognizes                             3
                           important     inter-connectivity   between                          4
                           natural resources (ecological aspect),                              5
                           human ecology (social-cultural and                                  6
                           economic aspects), and institutional                                7
                           structures of government, private and civil
                           society organizations (institutional aspect)
                           toward sustainable development of
                           ecosystems’ health and services (IEMP,
                                                   Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
MSA Conceptual Framework



                           The multi-stakeholder approach to
                                                                                          1
                           ecosystem management provides the
                                                                                          2
                           different stakeholders significant role in
                                                                                          3
                           the implementation of environmental
                                                                                          4
                           initiatives. The alliance approach to
                                                                                          5
                           ecosystem      management       with          the
                                                                                          6
                           concerted efforts of multi-stakeholders
                                                                                          7
                           from government, academic and research
                           institutions, private sector, CSOs and
                           communities, help foster sustainability of
                           environmental programs and projects.
                           (DENR-PAWB, (2012) Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
MSA Conceptual Framework




                                                                                                     1
                           Communities in Lake Mainit have been
                                                                                                     2
                           benefiting from the LMDA’s ecosystem                                      3
                           management approach, where it                                             4
                           recognizes the crucial role of                                            5
                           communities in Lake Mainit area in                                        6
                           achieving alliance mandates.                                              7

                                                                             Sustainability
                                                         Monitoring &
                                         Implementatio    Evaluation
                             Planning,         n
                             designing
                                                         Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
LMDA Environmental              Level of Satisfaction
                             Management Program
                                Components                     Very much
                                                               satisfied                   Problems
The Conceptual Framework



                             Upland & lowland                  Much satisfied             Encountered
                             management                        Satisfied                                          1
                             River management                  Less satisfied
                                                                                                                  2
                             Lake Management                   Not satisfied
                             Institutional                                                                        3
                             strengthening
                                                                                                                  4
                                                 Civil Society Organizations (CSOs)
                                                Peoples’ Organizations (POs)                                      5
                                                - Cooperative of Farmers/ Fisherfolks
                                                - Association of Farmers, Fisherfolks                             6
                                                Non-Government Organizations
                                                (NGOs)                                                            7
                                                – Surigao city based
                                                – Butuan city based
                                                – Davao city based
                                                – Cagayan de Oro city based
                           Figure 1. The conceptual framework of the study showing relationship of LMDA program
                                     component services and problems encountered by CSOs.
                                                                      Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
Upland Conceptual Framework



                              The upland and lowland management is
                              one of LMDA component that focuses on                              1

                              the major intervention. This includes the                          2
                              forest resource assessment, eco-tourism                            3
                              development, nursery, establishment, tree                          4
                              park       establishment,       agro-forestry                      5
                              development,                   reforestation/                      6
                              plantation/establishment, forestland use
                                                                                                 7
                              planning/watershed management (LMDA,
                              2000). Livelihood intervention was included
                              in this component in the revised Lake Mainit
                              Focal Community Assistance Scheme
                              (FOCAS) strategy (LMDA,Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
                                                         2006a)
River Conceptual Framework


                             River management component of LMDA
                             primarily works to balance the interventions in                 1
                             the uplands to lowland and lake. It plays a                     2
                             significant role in minimizing the problems of                  3
                             siltation and pollution not only in the lake but
                                                                                             4
                             also the whole length of Kalinawan River, which
                                                                                             5
                             is the outlet of Lake Mainit traversing from
                             municipalities of Jabonga, Santiago and Tubay.                  6

                             Under this component includes the program on                    7
                             riverbank stabilization, rechanneling of Aciga
                             and Bangonay rivers, deepening of Kalinawan
                             river, construction of riverbank protections or
                             structure, river tour, inventory and evaluation
                             and marsh rehabilitation (LMDA, 2010a; 2000). Services
                                                          Communities Satisfaction on LMDA
The Lake management is another major
Lake Conceptual Framework




                            environmental      management          program                          1
                            component of LMDA, which refers to                                      2
                            interventions and activities that deal primarily                        3
                            with Lake Mainit ecosystem as a source of                               4
                            food and income for the fisher folk                                     5
                            communities. This LMDA component includes
                                                                                                    6
                            the establishment of municipal sanctuaries,
                            buffer zone delineation and perimeter                                   7

                            planting, fish seeding, water quality
                            monitoring, strengthening of Fisheries and
                            Aquatic Resources Councils (FARMCs), lake
                            resources assessment, lake grass protected
                                                        Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
Institutional Conceptual Framework



                                     Institutional strengthening is another LMDA
                                     environmental       management              program           1

                                     component, which focuses primarily on the                     2
                                     need of alliance to provide mechanisms to                     3
                                     ensure coordination and cooperation among                     4
                                     the various sectors in the proper                             5
                                     management of Lake Mainit (LMDA, 2000).                       6
                                     This component deals with the conduct of
                                                                                                   7
                                     capacity-building
                                     activities, information, education and
                                     communication, legislation and enforcement
                                     of                              environmental
                                     policies, linkaging/networking and resource Services
                                                                Communities Satisfaction on LMDA
This study assessed the satisfaction of
communities on the environmental management                             1
services of Lake Mainit Development Alliance                            2
(LMDA) from 2006–2011. It specifically sought to                        3
answer the following questions:
                                                                        4
  1. What is the level of satisfaction of the
                                                                        5
      communities on the LMDA services
                                                                        6
      considering the following environmental
      management components?                                            7

       1.1. Upland and lowland management;
       1.2. River management;
       1.3. Lake management; and
       1.4. Institutional strengthening?
                           Communities’ Satisfaction on LMDA Services
2. What are the problems encountered
                              by the communities based on the
Statement of the Problem


                              following                environmental                          1
                              management component areas:                                     2
                              2.1.      Upland       and     lowland                          3
                              management;                                                     4

                              2.2. River management;                                          5

                              2.3. Lake management; and                                       6

                              2.4. Institutional strengthening?                               7




                                                  Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
Methodology
The study used descriptive method of
                                                                                        1
research. It illustrates the existing
                                                                                        2
conditions under study, which responds to
                                                                                        3
the main purpose of the research. It is a
                                                                                        4
descriptive inquiry on the level of
                                                                                        5
satisfaction of the communities on the                                                  6
services of Lake Mainit Development
                                                                                        7
Alliance (LMDA) while finding out the
contemporary problems existing in the
area of environmental management.
                  Respondent                                        Data
      Locale                                   Sampling
                      s                                           Gathering
                                                             Data
           Instrument        Validation   Scoring
                                                          Treatment
                                           Communities’ Satisfaction on LMDA Services
The study was conducted to four
              municipalities out of eight municipalities
              covering Lake Mainit influence area. These                           1
              are the municipalities of Mainit and Alegria                         2
Methodology




              in the province of Surigao del Norte and                             3
              municipalities of Kitcharao and Jabonga in                           4
              the province of Agusan del Norte. The Lake                           5
              Mainit area straddles the southern part of
                                                                                   6
              Surigao del Norte and northern part of
                                                                                   7
              Agusan del Norte comprising the eight
              municipalities. The Lake Mainit and its
              watershed is situated in a small peninsula
              extending north from eastern side of
              Mindanao.                Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
Methodology: Location Map




                                                                        1

                                                                        2
                                                                        3

                                               Caraga Map               4
                                           Northeastern Mindanao
                                                 Philippines            5

                                                                        6

                                                                        7




                            Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
 4th Largest lake in the Country
Lake Mainit Situation Methodology



                                     One of the cleanest lake in Philippines
                                                                                                                       1
                                     It has a total lake area of about 17,060 hectares
                                      (BFAR)                                                                           2
                                     Lakeshore has a total length of 62.10 kms.                                       3
                                     Divided almost equally between Agusan del                                        4
                                      Norte and Surigao del Norte.
                                                                                                                       5
                                     Lake falls within the jurisdiction of municipality
                                      of Mainit, Alegria, Kitcharao and Jabonga.                                       6

                                     Headwater areas are within the municipality of                                   7
                                      Sison and Tubod, SDN and downstream areas
                                      are the municipality of Santiago & Tubay, ADN
                                     It has a total of 31 lakeshore barangays
                                     It can be classified as oligotrophic lake from
                                      the physio-chemical (Limnological Study)
                                                                           Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
Watershed Area         87,072.00 has.
              Aggregate Land Area 72,372.00 has.
              Maximum Depth          223 meters                                               1
              Mean Depth             128 meters                                               2
Methodology




              Volume                 18.00 km³                                                3
              No. of main tributaries 28 rivers                                               4
              Outlet of the lake     Kalinawan river                                          5
              Total length           29.10 kms.                                               6
              Climate                Type II
                                                                                              7
              Surface Temperature 27.0000c-30.660c
              Ph Ranges              7.2(40m)to7.9(0m)
              Water Classification Class A (EMB)
              Trophic Class          Oligotrophic Lake (PCAMRD)
                                                  Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
The respondents of this study were
                                  taken from the member of Civil Society
                                  Organizations     (CSOs)     of  LMDA                            1
                                  composed of people’s organizations
Subject Respondents Methodology




                                                                                                   2

                                  (POs)        and        non-government                           3

                                  organizations (NGOs) who have project                            4

                                  engagement or partnership with LMDA                              5

                                  for certain period and continue seeking                          6

                                  assistance and partnership with LMDA’s                           7

                                  partner NGOs; hence they have
                                  knowledge about LMDA and its
                                  services.
                                                       Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
POs are partner-beneficiaries of the
                 projects in the communities.
                 The            Cooperative                          of           1
                 Farmers/Fisherfolks      (COFF)                   are
PO Methodology




                                                                                  2
                 registered        to           Cooperative                       3
                 Development Authority (CDA)                                      4
                 The            Association                          of           5
                 Farmers/Fisherfolks        (AFF)                  are            6
                 accredited by the Department of                                  7
                 Labor and Employment (DOLE).
                 Respondent POs were the members
                 and officers who have knowledge on
                 LMDA.                Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
NGOs are partner-implementer of the
                  project or outreach program implemented
                  in the communities.                                             1
NGO Methodology




                  They are registered to the Securities and                       2

                  Exchange Commission (SEC) whose main                            3
                  offices are located in cities of Surigao,                       4
                  Butuan, Cagayan de Oro and Davao.                               5
                  The respondents from NGOs are those                             6
                  who have experienced previous and
                                                                                  7
                  current engagement with the LMDA and
                  municipalities within the area of study as
                  identified by LMDA like the Director,
                  Project    Coordinator    or      Community
                  Development Workers Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
Civil Society              Gender                         Total
                       Organizations Male        %    Femal        %       Frequenc         %
Cso Type Methodology




                        (CSO) Type                      e                      y                      1
                       POs (COFF)      12       27.27     35     37.63            47      34.31       2
                       POs (AFF)       24       54.55     49     52.69            73      53.28
                                                                                                      3
                       POs (Other)      4        9.09      5      5.38             9       6.57
                       NGO (Surigao)    -           -      2      2.15             2       1.46       4
                       NGO (Butuan)     2        4.55      1      1.08             3       2.19       5
                       NGO (CDO)        1        2.27      -         -             1       0.73
                                                                                                      6
                       NGO (Davao)      1        2.27      1      1.08             2       1.46
                                 Total 44       100.0     93     100.0           137      100.0       7
                                                    0                0                        0
                          Percentage    32.12          67.88                   100.00
                       Type of Civil Society Organizations (CSO) and Distribution of Gender
                       of Respondents
                                                          Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
Knowledge on
                                                Residency
                                                                           LMDA
Residency Methodology




                            Period                                                                1
                                                                     Frequenc
                                          Frequency          %                  %                 2
                                                                         y
                                                                                                  3
                        Below 1 year            -         -                4    2.92
                                                                                                  4
                         1 year                 -         -                2    1.46
                         2 years               2      1.46                10    7.30              5

                         3 years               7       5.11               11    8.03              6

                         4 years               5      3.65                35   25.55              7
                         5 years              14     10.22                41   29.93
                        Above 5              109     79.56                34   24.82
                        The Respondents’ Period of Residency in Lake Mainit
                        years
                        communities & Knowledge on LMDA
                                                                                   100.0
                                  Total      137 100.00               137
                                                                                        0
                                                      Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
The study used purposive sampling in
                       determining the target respondents who
Sampling Methodology




                                                                                          1
                       have knowledge about the LMDA.                                     2
                       Respondents were taken from four                                   3
                       municipalities out of eight municipalities                         4
                       covering the Lake Mainit influence area.                           5
                       They were taken from NEWS directions.                              6
                       The Municipality of Mainit represents
                                                                                          7
                       north     and       west      respondents;
                       Municipalities of Alegria and Kitcharao for
                       the east; and Municipality of Jabonga for
                       south.
                                              Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
Geographical setting of the community
              POs located in upland, river and                          1
              lakeshore was also considered in this                     2
Methodology




              study.                                                    3
              50%+ of the 252 members of POs from                       4
              the four municipalities living within the                 5
              study area were the respondent from                       6
              POs.
                                                                        7
              One or two actual respondents were
              taken from NGO since usually there are
              two or three on-field workers employed
              by NGOs depending on the kind and
              coverage area of the project engagement Services
                                     Communities Satisfaction on LMDA
Gathering Data Methodology


                             The researcher asked permission from
                             the LMDA – Program Management and                                    1
                             Coordination Office (PMCO) before                                    2
                             conducting the actual survey.                                        3
                             The researcher personally administered                               4
                             in the distribution of the questionnaires to                         5
                             the identified respondents. Retrieval of                             6
                             the      questionnaires       was               made
                                                                                                  7
                             immediately after the respondents
                             accomplished these. An interview was
                             conducted to clarify issues and problems
                             based on the survey questionnaire and to
                             substantiate the survey. Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
For the NGOs who were not
              available at the communities or their                            1

                                                                               2
              local offices at the time of the actual
Methodology




                                                                               3
              survey, the researcher visited the
                                                                               4
              nearest NGO offices in Surigao City
                                                                               5
              and Butuan City to conduct the
                                                                               6
              survey.
                                                                               7
              The questionnaires were sent via e-
              mail to NGO respondents who were
              not available at the field especially
              the office based in Davao and
                                   Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
Utilized the secondary data taken
              from the LMDA - PMCO, which                                    1

                                                                             2
              include         the        milestone
Methodology




                                                                             3
              reports,              accomplishment
                                                                             4
              reports, related studies, newsletter
                                                                             5
              publications, and other relevant
                                                                             6
              supporting documents of the
                                                                             7
              alliance.
              Used      the    online   documents
              available in the LMDA website and
              other related website sources in the
                                 Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
The instrument utilized in collecting data
                         is the researcher-made questionnaire.
Instrument Methodology




                                                                                            1
                         This instrument was preferred because it                           2
                         gathers data faster than any other                                 3
                         method.      The    questionnaire     was
                                                                                            4
                         translated into local dialect to make it
                                                                                            5
                         clear and understandable on the part of
                                                                                            6
                         the respondents in the community level.
                         The survey questionnaire used in the                               7

                         study was adopted from the LMDA
                         briefer. Items are based on the problem
                         of the study and also were gathered from
                         LMDA accomplishments.
                                                Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
The survey questionnaire was divided
              into two parts.                                                     1
                Part     I   covers      the          personal                   2
Methodology




                  information of the respondent.                                  3
                Part II is based on the problems set                             4
                  in the study. This contains the                                 5
                  questions       about            community                      6
                  satisfaction on LMDA services
                                                                                  7
                  according to four environmental
                  component services. It also asked
                  specific questions about the issues
                  and problems encountered by the
                  communities.        Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
A researcher-made questionnaire was
Validation Methodology




                         referred to three experts from LMDA-                             1
                         PMCO, LGU Action Officer to LMDA,                                2
                         and NGO partner who have full                                    3
                         knowledge on the LMDA partnership                                4
                         operations for content evaluation and                            5
                         recommendation          for               further                6
                         enhancement.
                                                                                          7
                         The      enhanced    instrument                was
                         successfully tried out to the 30
                         respondents from SIUFMULCO in
                         Santiago, Agusan del Norte for content
                         validation before itsCommunities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
                                                 finalization and
The researcher employed the use of a five-
                      point Likert-type rating scale in measuring the                                   1
Scoring Methodology




                      levels of communities’ satisfaction on LMDA                                       2
                      services the following procedure:                                                 3
                      Weight     Mean         Qualitative        Qualifying Statement
                                                                                                        4
                      Points     Values       Description
                                                                                                        5
                        5      4.50-5.00   Very much          - Always satisfied on the
                                           satisfied            LMDA services                           6
                        4      3.50-4.49   Much satisfied     - Often satisfied on the
                                                                LMDA services                           7
                        3      2.50-3.49   Satisfied          - Sometimes satisfied on
                                                              the
                                                                LMDA services
                        2      1.50-2.49   Less satisfied     - Seldom satisfied on the
                                                                LMDA services
                        1      1.00-1.49   Not satisfied      - Never satisfied on the
                                                                LMDA services
                                                            Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
The data were carefully analyzed and
Treatment Methodology




                        interpreted using the following statistical                         1
                        tools:                                                              2
                             For the problem 1, the application of                          3
                             the mean and the standard deviation                            4
                             were used in finding the level of                              5
                             satisfaction of communities.                                   6
                             For problem 2, the frequency count                             7
                             and percentage based on the actual
                             responses       were  employed      to
                             determine the problems identified by
                             the respondents.
                                                Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
The findings of the study are as follows:
  The level of satisfaction of communities                    1
  on the LMDA services is satisfied on the                    2
  three components, namely: upland and                        3

  lowland         management,                         river   4

  management,         and              institutional          5

  strengthening; while the level of                           6

  satisfaction of communities on lake                         7

  management component is much
  satisfied. However, the level of
  satisfaction of communities on the
  LMDA services is generally satisfied. Services
                        Communities’ Satisfaction on LMDA
Summary Table on the Level of Satisfaction of
                                   the Communities on the LMDA Services
                                                                                                                       1
Summary of Satisfaction Findings




                                         LMDA Services                    X   Sd    Over-all Qd                        2
                                   1. Lake management                   3.55 0.85  Much                                3
                                                                                  satisfied
                                                                                                                       4
                                   2. Institutional                     3.49 0.83 Satisfied
                                                                                                                       5
                                      strengthening
                                                                                                                       6
                                   3. Upland and lowland                3.37 0.77 Satisfied
                                      management                                                                       7

                                   4. River4.50 – 5.00 Very much satisfied
                                    Legend: management                  3.12 1.50 – 2.49 Satisfied
                                                                              0.85         Less satisfied
                                            3.50 – 4.49 Much satisfied       1.00 – 1.49   Not satisfied
                                                 Over-all
                                            2.50 – 3.49 Satisfied
                                                                        3.38 0.68 Satisfied


                                                                           Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
The main problems encountered per
roblems Encountered Findings


                                 component area by the CSOs are the
                                                                                                             1
                                 following:
                                                                                                             2
                                    Main Problems        Percentag         LMDA Program                      3
                                                             e              Component
                                                                                                             4
                               1. Illegal fishing          68%        Lake management
                               2. Lack of support and      64%        Institutional                          5
                                 fund                                 strengthening                          6
                               3. Upland area              52%        Upland & lowland
                                 destruction                          management                             7

                               4. Soil erosion,            37%        River management
                                 landslide, cutting of
                                 trees


                                                                 Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
The problems on mining and flooding
                                                                             1
           are the common problems that existed
Findings




                                                                             2
           on        upland        and       lowland
                                                                             3
           management, river management, and
                                                                             4
           lake management components.
                                                                             5
           The poor attitude and poor participation
                                                                             6
           of people; and the poor implementation
                                                                             7
           and enforcement of laws and
           policies, are the significant crosscutting
           issues or problems present on the four
           components of LMDA services.
                                 Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
Based on the findings of the study, the
following conclusions are drawn:                                  1

                                                                  2
1. Since the level of satisfaction of                             3

   communities on the LMDA services is                            4

   generally satisfied, therefore the                             5

   communities in Lake Mainit influence                           6

   area are sometimes satisfied with the                          7

   LMDA services in performing its
   mandates to sustain its environmental
   management services.
                      Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
2.     Communities in Lake Mainit
                  influence area are still facing
                  different    environmental     and                             1

                                                                                 2
                  institutional related issues or
Conclusion




                                                                                 3
                  problems       despite       LMDA’s                            4
                  continual     efforts     in    the                            5
                  implementation         of        its                           6

                  environmental         management                               7

                  programs.


                                     Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
1
      1. The LGUs, LMDA, Department of
                                                                   2
         Environment and Natural Resources
                                                                   3
         (DENR), Department of Agriculture (DA),
 A                                                                 4
1 2      and NGOs must consider the provision of
3 4                                                                5
 B
         alternative livelihood and necessary
                                                                   6
1 2
3 4
         supports and funds for the identified and
 C
         appropriate income-generating projects                    7
1 2
3 4
         (IGPs). They must provide and maintain
 D       suitable    community-based                  farming
1 2
3 4      technologies     and     practices                 with
 5
         continuous assessment and support. LMDA Services
                               Communities’ Satisfaction on
Recommendations


                  2. The LMDA, LGUs, DENR, NGOs and
                     Department of Tourism (DOT) should establish
                                                                                          1
                     and continue to maintain tree parks, nurseries,
                     and agro-forestry projects in every municipality                     2

                     and promote eco-tourism.                                             3
 A                3. The LGUs, with LMDA, NGOs and concerned                              4
1 2
3 4                  GLAs should continue conducting related                              5
 B                   environmental assessments and IEC advocacies                         6
1 2
3 4                  like symposia with topics on environment, and
                     biological assessment. The LGU and DENR with                         7
 C
1 2
3 4
                     NGOs           and       communities       should
 D
                     institutionalize/deputize   and    support    the
1 2                  community environmental wardens or teams in
3 4
 5                   monitoring and implementing environmental
                                              Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
Recommendations


                  4. The LMDA in close collaboration with the
                     DENR, Mines Geosciences Bureau                                    1
                     (MGB),     Environmental      Management                          2
                     Bureau            (EMB),            LGUs
                                                                                       3
                     (province, municipalities, barangays), and
 A                                                                                     4
1 2                  Department of Interior and Local
3 4                                                                                    5
 B
                     Government (DILG), should institute
                                                                                       6
1 2
3 4
                     communities monitoring and response
                     group to regulate, monitor, evaluate and                          7
 C
1 2
3 4
                     take necessary actions in all mining and
 D
                     quarrying operations.
1 2
3 4
 5
                                           Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
Recommendations


                  1. The LMDA in close collaboration with the
                     DA, Department of Public Works and
                                                                                        1
                     Highways (DPWH), municipal and provincial
                                                                                        2
                     LGUs, and National Irrigation Authority (NIA)
                                                                                        3
                     should implement relevant infrastructure
 A                                                                                      4
1 2                  projects like flood control project, drainage
3 4
                     canal, dredging of Kalinawan River, and                            5
 B
1 2                  riverbank stabilization that will address the                      6
3 4
                     soil erosion, river siltation.                                     7
 C
1 2               2. The LMDA, DENR, provincial and municipal
3 4
                     LGUs should continue to monitor and
 D
1 2                  evaluate the rivers, assess and regulate
3 4
 5                   mining operators and quarrying sites.
                                            Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
Recommendations


                  3. The LGUs with the cooperation from
                     BFAR, FARMCs, Philippine National                               1
                     Police (PNP) maritime group and local                           2
                     police     must    strictly   implement                         3
 A
                     environmental ordinances against illegal                        4
1 2
3 4
                     fishing on major tributary rivers like                          5
 B                   Kalinawan River.                                                6
1 2
3 4               4. The LGUs must implement the Ecological
                                                                                     7
 C                   Solid Waste Management (ESWM) Act of
1 2
3 4                  2000 (RA 9003); improved their ESWM
 D
1 2
                     practices; and conduct relevant IEC and
3 4
 5                   advocacy to communities on ESWM.
                                         Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
Recommendations

                  1. The LMDA in partnership with the
                     municipal and barangay LGUs,
                     BFAR, FARMCs, PNP maritime                                       1

                     group, communities and local police                              2

                     must strongly and fully implement the                            3
 A
                     unified fishery ordinance (UFO) in                               4
1 2
3 4                                                                                   5
 B
                     Lake Mainit.
                                                                                      6
1 2
3 4
                  2. LMDA and BFAR should provide
                                                                                      7
 C                   appropriate           capacity-building
1 2
3 4                  initiatives    related     to      lake
 D
1 2
                     management           especially      to
3 4
 5                   community organizations, FARMCs
                                          Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
Recommendations

                  3. BFAR should continue to implement
                     the fish seeding or fish dispersal to
                                                                                     1
                     the Lake and help LGUs maintain its
                                                                                     2
                     fish sanctuaries.                                               3
 A
                  4. LGUs       should      enforce     the                          4
1 2
3 4                  implementation of ESWM Act of                                   5
 B
1 2
                     2000; implement Organic Agriculture                             6
3 4
                     Act of 2010 (RA 10068); and promote                             7
 C
1 2                  organic      agricultural    practices
3 4
                     especially     on      rice    farming
 D
1 2
3 4
                     management within the lakeshore
 5
                     communities.
                                         Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
Recommendations
                  1. The LMDA with the National Economic
                     Development Authority (NEDA) should come
                     up with technical project proposals especially
                                                                                         1
                     those that enhance socio-economic and
                                                                                         2
                     environmental development to be endorsed
                                                                                         3
                     to the national government and to foreign
 A
                     donors’ overseas development assistance                             4
1 2
3 4
                     (ODA) program for funding support.                                  5
 B
1 2               2. The LMDA with the major partner CSOs                                6
3 4
                     should strengthen and fully operate the Lake                        7
 C
1 2                  Mainit CSO network. They should also
3 4
                     promote     and    integrate    the   spiritual
 D
1 2                  development and values nurturing program
3 4
 5                   on its plans and activities to the community
                                             Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
Recommendations


                  3. The LMDA, LGUs and CSO network should
                     continue to assist the communities, conduct                       1
                     regular assessment to POs, and provide                            2
                     appropriate trainings and skills development
                                                                                       3
                     interventions.
 A                                                                                     4
1 2               4. The LMDA should have full autonomy and
3 4                                                                                    5
 B
                     powers over Lake Mainit. The member LGUs
                                                                                       6
1 2
3 4
                     and GLAs with the Regional Development
 C
                     Council (RDC) should endorse the Lake                             7
1 2
3 4
                     Mainit Development Authority Bill to senate
 D
                     and congress for enactment.
1 2
3 4
 5
                                           Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
Recommendations


                  5. The LMDA must enhance and revisit its
                     strategic development plans; harmonize or                         1
                     mainstream it with the development plans to
                                                                                       2
                     both the national and local governments and
                                                                                       3
                     CSOs; and fully implement the environmental
 A                                                                                     4
1 2                  management services as stipulated on its
3 4                                                                                    5
 B
                     EMP with funding supports and political will
                                                                                       6
1 2
3 4
                     from LGUs and other funding institutions.
                                                                                       7
 C
1 2
3 4

 D
1 2
3 4
 5
                                           Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
1

                                                                                     2
                                                                                     3

                                                                                     4
                                                                                     5

                                                                                     6

                                                                                     7

Natad, Johny S.
“Communities’ Satisfaction on Lake Mainit Development Alliance
(LMDA) Services”, Unpublished Master’s thesis, Bukidnon State
University, City of Malaybalay, Bukidnon, March 2013.



                                        Communities’ Satisfaction on LMDA Services

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Communities' Satisfaction on LMDA Services 2013

  • 1. BUKIDNON STATE UN I V E R S I T Y GRADUATE SCHOOL City of Malaybalay, Bukidnon 700 Tel (088) 221-2237; Telefax (088)813-2717 www.bsc.edu.ph 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Introduction Concept Problem Method Findings Conclusion Recommendations
  • 2. The Lake Mainit Development Alliance (LMDA) is an inter-local cooperation of 1 2 local and national government agencies 3 and civil societies that provides 4 environmental management programs as 5 important services to the Lake Mainit 6 influence area and its communities. 7 Upland and lowland management River management Lake management, and Institutional strengthening. Communities’ Satisfaction on LMDA Services
  • 3. Communities surrounding Lake Mainit area have been playing crucial role as partners and stakeholders of LMDA in the conservation and protection of the entire 1 Introduction Lake Mainit ecosystem. The 2 interest, support, and involvement of 3 4 community stakeholders and CSOs 5 particularly NGOs and POs are important 6 and useful in achieving the overall 7 objectives of the LMDA. Sustainability Monitoring & Implementatio Evaluation Planning, n Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
  • 4. Mission Vision Goal Objectives PMC Member Services O s Lake Mainit Development Alliance (LMDA) What is LMDA? Introduction is composed of multi-stakeholders from 1 ten local government units (LGUs), six 2 government line agencies (GLAs) and civil 3 society particularly, NGOs, POs, and 4 academe. 5 6 7 Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
  • 5. Based on the alliance Manual of Operations, the signatories have following duty to LMDA: 1 The ten LGUs shall annually contribute Member Respo. Introduction 2 funds for the operations of the LMDA 3 based on the agreed work and financial 4 plans: Php150,000.00 per provincial LGU 5 and Php50,000.00 per municipal LGU; 6 The six GLAs shall provide technical 7 assistance and other necessary resources to achieve the objectives of the alliance; Function as the Board of Trustees and assigned action officer or focal person to LMDA Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
  • 6. A Program Management Office (PMO) established at the host LGU and as the 1 PMCO Introduction fund manager of the pooled trust fund : 2 Municipality of Kitcharao (1999- 3 April 2012) 4 Province of Surigao del Norte (April 5 2012-present 6 7 Recognized by the Regional Development Council per RDC Resolution No. 11 series of 1999 (dated 04 June 1999) Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
  • 7. A diverse 1 ecosystem with crystal Vision Introduction 2 clear and safe waters surrounded by verdant 3 mountains and endowed 4 with abundant natural 5 resources, and as an 6 ecotourism destination 7 sustainably managed by an empowered citizenry for economic development and environmental protection. Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
  • 8. 1 With the aid of Divine providence guided by the LMDA Mission Introduction principles of growth and development between 2 communities and generation through skilled and 3 resourceful personnel, the LMDA extends technical 4 assistance to LGU’s in effective and efficient 5 delivery of basic services, enforcement of environmental laws and policies to pursue the 6 sustainable development and management of Lake 7 Mainit through promotion of ecological and recreational values, conservation, protection of natural resources, enhancement for the empowerment for the improvement of the quality of life of its constituents. Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
  • 9. 1 Goals Introduction To properly manage 2 the Lake Mainit 3 4 ecosystem and 5 develop potential 6 resources in order to 7 reduce poverty and improve the quality of life of the people in the area.  Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
  • 10. Objectives Introduction 1 1. To conserve the aquatic resources and to 2 enhance their economic, ecological and 3 recreational value. 4 2. To properly manage forestlands and 5 improve the land cover within the 6 watershed. 7 3. To promote greater involvement of the government, the private sector, local communities and other stakeholders in the sustainable management of the Lake Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
  • 11. 1 5 EMP Components Introduction 2 1. Upland and lowland development 3 and management 4 2. River management 5 3. Lake management 6 7 4. Urban settlement area management 5. Institutional strengthening Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
  • 12. Revealed major environmental 1 problems in Lake Mainit ecosystem 2 Envi. Probs Introduction are: continuing denudation of 3 forestlands, mining and quarrying, 4 increasing lakeshore population, use of 5 agrochemicals, illegal fishing methods, 6 siltation and sedimentation of rivers, 7 flooding, and declination of Lake Mainit fishery resources. (LMDA, 2000; Oatley, 2005; Crook, 2006; De Guzma, et.al, 2009) Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
  • 13. The proposed 1 Proposed Introduction development plans; 2 common desire and 3 concern to address 4 environmental problems in 5 the Lake Mainit ecosystem 6 provoked the 7 establishment of the LMDA (ESSC, 2011). Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
  • 14. The LMDA’s Environmental Management Plan (EMP) and Lake 1 Mainit Agenda presented development EMP Introduction 2 and ecosystem management approach 3 of the alliance to respond to the 4 identified environmental issues and 5 concern in Lake Mainit ecosystem 6 7 Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
  • 15. With its 13 years of existence, the LMDA demonstrates important milestone 1 accomplishments on areas on 2 Introduction environment and socio-economic 3 enhancement with tangible 4 environmental and enterprise 5 development initiatives in partnership 6 with the communities, civil society, 7 LGUs, GLAs and other stakeholders in Lake Mainit. Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
  • 16. While the CSO and community stakeholders have been playing 1 significant role as partners in 2 environmental conservation and 3 Why this? Introduction protection of Lake Mainit ecosystem, it is 4 important to determine and recognize 5 their level of satisfaction on LMDA’s 6 environmental management programs. It 7 is for this justification that this study is conducted. Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
  • 17. The study is based on the 1 2 multi-stakeholder approach 3 to ecosystem management 4 5 as illustrated in the Lake 6 Mainit Environmental 7 Management Plan (EMP). Communities’ Satisfaction on LMDA Services
  • 18. Ecosystem management approach EMA Conceptual Framework embraces a holistic and inter-disciplinary 1 approach that recognizes comprehensive 2 action and analysis. It also recognizes 3 important inter-connectivity between 4 natural resources (ecological aspect), 5 human ecology (social-cultural and 6 economic aspects), and institutional 7 structures of government, private and civil society organizations (institutional aspect) toward sustainable development of ecosystems’ health and services (IEMP, Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
  • 19. MSA Conceptual Framework The multi-stakeholder approach to 1 ecosystem management provides the 2 different stakeholders significant role in 3 the implementation of environmental 4 initiatives. The alliance approach to 5 ecosystem management with the 6 concerted efforts of multi-stakeholders 7 from government, academic and research institutions, private sector, CSOs and communities, help foster sustainability of environmental programs and projects. (DENR-PAWB, (2012) Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
  • 20. MSA Conceptual Framework 1 Communities in Lake Mainit have been 2 benefiting from the LMDA’s ecosystem 3 management approach, where it 4 recognizes the crucial role of 5 communities in Lake Mainit area in 6 achieving alliance mandates. 7 Sustainability Monitoring & Implementatio Evaluation Planning, n designing Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
  • 21. LMDA Environmental Level of Satisfaction Management Program Components Very much satisfied Problems The Conceptual Framework Upland & lowland Much satisfied Encountered management Satisfied 1 River management Less satisfied 2 Lake Management Not satisfied Institutional 3 strengthening 4 Civil Society Organizations (CSOs) Peoples’ Organizations (POs) 5 - Cooperative of Farmers/ Fisherfolks - Association of Farmers, Fisherfolks 6 Non-Government Organizations (NGOs) 7 – Surigao city based – Butuan city based – Davao city based – Cagayan de Oro city based Figure 1. The conceptual framework of the study showing relationship of LMDA program component services and problems encountered by CSOs. Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
  • 22. Upland Conceptual Framework The upland and lowland management is one of LMDA component that focuses on 1 the major intervention. This includes the 2 forest resource assessment, eco-tourism 3 development, nursery, establishment, tree 4 park establishment, agro-forestry 5 development, reforestation/ 6 plantation/establishment, forestland use 7 planning/watershed management (LMDA, 2000). Livelihood intervention was included in this component in the revised Lake Mainit Focal Community Assistance Scheme (FOCAS) strategy (LMDA,Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services 2006a)
  • 23. River Conceptual Framework River management component of LMDA primarily works to balance the interventions in 1 the uplands to lowland and lake. It plays a 2 significant role in minimizing the problems of 3 siltation and pollution not only in the lake but 4 also the whole length of Kalinawan River, which 5 is the outlet of Lake Mainit traversing from municipalities of Jabonga, Santiago and Tubay. 6 Under this component includes the program on 7 riverbank stabilization, rechanneling of Aciga and Bangonay rivers, deepening of Kalinawan river, construction of riverbank protections or structure, river tour, inventory and evaluation and marsh rehabilitation (LMDA, 2010a; 2000). Services Communities Satisfaction on LMDA
  • 24. The Lake management is another major Lake Conceptual Framework environmental management program 1 component of LMDA, which refers to 2 interventions and activities that deal primarily 3 with Lake Mainit ecosystem as a source of 4 food and income for the fisher folk 5 communities. This LMDA component includes 6 the establishment of municipal sanctuaries, buffer zone delineation and perimeter 7 planting, fish seeding, water quality monitoring, strengthening of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources Councils (FARMCs), lake resources assessment, lake grass protected Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
  • 25. Institutional Conceptual Framework Institutional strengthening is another LMDA environmental management program 1 component, which focuses primarily on the 2 need of alliance to provide mechanisms to 3 ensure coordination and cooperation among 4 the various sectors in the proper 5 management of Lake Mainit (LMDA, 2000). 6 This component deals with the conduct of 7 capacity-building activities, information, education and communication, legislation and enforcement of environmental policies, linkaging/networking and resource Services Communities Satisfaction on LMDA
  • 26. This study assessed the satisfaction of communities on the environmental management 1 services of Lake Mainit Development Alliance 2 (LMDA) from 2006–2011. It specifically sought to 3 answer the following questions: 4 1. What is the level of satisfaction of the 5 communities on the LMDA services 6 considering the following environmental management components? 7 1.1. Upland and lowland management; 1.2. River management; 1.3. Lake management; and 1.4. Institutional strengthening? Communities’ Satisfaction on LMDA Services
  • 27. 2. What are the problems encountered by the communities based on the Statement of the Problem following environmental 1 management component areas: 2 2.1. Upland and lowland 3 management; 4 2.2. River management; 5 2.3. Lake management; and 6 2.4. Institutional strengthening? 7 Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
  • 28. Methodology The study used descriptive method of 1 research. It illustrates the existing 2 conditions under study, which responds to 3 the main purpose of the research. It is a 4 descriptive inquiry on the level of 5 satisfaction of the communities on the 6 services of Lake Mainit Development 7 Alliance (LMDA) while finding out the contemporary problems existing in the area of environmental management. Respondent Data Locale Sampling s Gathering Data Instrument Validation Scoring Treatment Communities’ Satisfaction on LMDA Services
  • 29. The study was conducted to four municipalities out of eight municipalities covering Lake Mainit influence area. These 1 are the municipalities of Mainit and Alegria 2 Methodology in the province of Surigao del Norte and 3 municipalities of Kitcharao and Jabonga in 4 the province of Agusan del Norte. The Lake 5 Mainit area straddles the southern part of 6 Surigao del Norte and northern part of 7 Agusan del Norte comprising the eight municipalities. The Lake Mainit and its watershed is situated in a small peninsula extending north from eastern side of Mindanao. Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
  • 30. Methodology: Location Map 1 2 3 Caraga Map 4 Northeastern Mindanao Philippines 5 6 7 Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
  • 31.  4th Largest lake in the Country Lake Mainit Situation Methodology  One of the cleanest lake in Philippines 1  It has a total lake area of about 17,060 hectares (BFAR) 2  Lakeshore has a total length of 62.10 kms. 3  Divided almost equally between Agusan del 4 Norte and Surigao del Norte. 5  Lake falls within the jurisdiction of municipality of Mainit, Alegria, Kitcharao and Jabonga. 6  Headwater areas are within the municipality of 7 Sison and Tubod, SDN and downstream areas are the municipality of Santiago & Tubay, ADN  It has a total of 31 lakeshore barangays  It can be classified as oligotrophic lake from the physio-chemical (Limnological Study) Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
  • 32. Watershed Area 87,072.00 has. Aggregate Land Area 72,372.00 has. Maximum Depth 223 meters 1 Mean Depth 128 meters 2 Methodology Volume 18.00 km³ 3 No. of main tributaries 28 rivers 4 Outlet of the lake Kalinawan river 5 Total length 29.10 kms. 6 Climate Type II 7 Surface Temperature 27.0000c-30.660c Ph Ranges 7.2(40m)to7.9(0m) Water Classification Class A (EMB) Trophic Class Oligotrophic Lake (PCAMRD) Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
  • 33. The respondents of this study were taken from the member of Civil Society Organizations (CSOs) of LMDA 1 composed of people’s organizations Subject Respondents Methodology 2 (POs) and non-government 3 organizations (NGOs) who have project 4 engagement or partnership with LMDA 5 for certain period and continue seeking 6 assistance and partnership with LMDA’s 7 partner NGOs; hence they have knowledge about LMDA and its services. Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
  • 34. POs are partner-beneficiaries of the projects in the communities. The Cooperative of 1 Farmers/Fisherfolks (COFF) are PO Methodology 2 registered to Cooperative 3 Development Authority (CDA) 4 The Association of 5 Farmers/Fisherfolks (AFF) are 6 accredited by the Department of 7 Labor and Employment (DOLE). Respondent POs were the members and officers who have knowledge on LMDA. Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
  • 35. NGOs are partner-implementer of the project or outreach program implemented in the communities. 1 NGO Methodology They are registered to the Securities and 2 Exchange Commission (SEC) whose main 3 offices are located in cities of Surigao, 4 Butuan, Cagayan de Oro and Davao. 5 The respondents from NGOs are those 6 who have experienced previous and 7 current engagement with the LMDA and municipalities within the area of study as identified by LMDA like the Director, Project Coordinator or Community Development Workers Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
  • 36. Civil Society Gender Total Organizations Male % Femal % Frequenc % Cso Type Methodology (CSO) Type e y 1 POs (COFF) 12 27.27 35 37.63 47 34.31 2 POs (AFF) 24 54.55 49 52.69 73 53.28 3 POs (Other) 4 9.09 5 5.38 9 6.57 NGO (Surigao) - - 2 2.15 2 1.46 4 NGO (Butuan) 2 4.55 1 1.08 3 2.19 5 NGO (CDO) 1 2.27 - - 1 0.73 6 NGO (Davao) 1 2.27 1 1.08 2 1.46 Total 44 100.0 93 100.0 137 100.0 7 0 0 0 Percentage 32.12 67.88 100.00 Type of Civil Society Organizations (CSO) and Distribution of Gender of Respondents Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
  • 37. Knowledge on Residency LMDA Residency Methodology Period 1 Frequenc Frequency % % 2 y 3 Below 1 year - - 4 2.92 4 1 year - - 2 1.46 2 years 2 1.46 10 7.30 5 3 years 7 5.11 11 8.03 6 4 years 5 3.65 35 25.55 7 5 years 14 10.22 41 29.93 Above 5 109 79.56 34 24.82 The Respondents’ Period of Residency in Lake Mainit years communities & Knowledge on LMDA 100.0 Total 137 100.00 137 0 Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
  • 38. The study used purposive sampling in determining the target respondents who Sampling Methodology 1 have knowledge about the LMDA. 2 Respondents were taken from four 3 municipalities out of eight municipalities 4 covering the Lake Mainit influence area. 5 They were taken from NEWS directions. 6 The Municipality of Mainit represents 7 north and west respondents; Municipalities of Alegria and Kitcharao for the east; and Municipality of Jabonga for south. Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
  • 39. Geographical setting of the community POs located in upland, river and 1 lakeshore was also considered in this 2 Methodology study. 3 50%+ of the 252 members of POs from 4 the four municipalities living within the 5 study area were the respondent from 6 POs. 7 One or two actual respondents were taken from NGO since usually there are two or three on-field workers employed by NGOs depending on the kind and coverage area of the project engagement Services Communities Satisfaction on LMDA
  • 40. Gathering Data Methodology The researcher asked permission from the LMDA – Program Management and 1 Coordination Office (PMCO) before 2 conducting the actual survey. 3 The researcher personally administered 4 in the distribution of the questionnaires to 5 the identified respondents. Retrieval of 6 the questionnaires was made 7 immediately after the respondents accomplished these. An interview was conducted to clarify issues and problems based on the survey questionnaire and to substantiate the survey. Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
  • 41. For the NGOs who were not available at the communities or their 1 2 local offices at the time of the actual Methodology 3 survey, the researcher visited the 4 nearest NGO offices in Surigao City 5 and Butuan City to conduct the 6 survey. 7 The questionnaires were sent via e- mail to NGO respondents who were not available at the field especially the office based in Davao and Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
  • 42. Utilized the secondary data taken from the LMDA - PMCO, which 1 2 include the milestone Methodology 3 reports, accomplishment 4 reports, related studies, newsletter 5 publications, and other relevant 6 supporting documents of the 7 alliance. Used the online documents available in the LMDA website and other related website sources in the Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
  • 43. The instrument utilized in collecting data is the researcher-made questionnaire. Instrument Methodology 1 This instrument was preferred because it 2 gathers data faster than any other 3 method. The questionnaire was 4 translated into local dialect to make it 5 clear and understandable on the part of 6 the respondents in the community level. The survey questionnaire used in the 7 study was adopted from the LMDA briefer. Items are based on the problem of the study and also were gathered from LMDA accomplishments. Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
  • 44. The survey questionnaire was divided into two parts. 1  Part I covers the personal 2 Methodology information of the respondent. 3  Part II is based on the problems set 4 in the study. This contains the 5 questions about community 6 satisfaction on LMDA services 7 according to four environmental component services. It also asked specific questions about the issues and problems encountered by the communities. Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
  • 45. A researcher-made questionnaire was Validation Methodology referred to three experts from LMDA- 1 PMCO, LGU Action Officer to LMDA, 2 and NGO partner who have full 3 knowledge on the LMDA partnership 4 operations for content evaluation and 5 recommendation for further 6 enhancement. 7 The enhanced instrument was successfully tried out to the 30 respondents from SIUFMULCO in Santiago, Agusan del Norte for content validation before itsCommunities Satisfaction on LMDA Services finalization and
  • 46. The researcher employed the use of a five- point Likert-type rating scale in measuring the 1 Scoring Methodology levels of communities’ satisfaction on LMDA 2 services the following procedure: 3 Weight Mean Qualitative Qualifying Statement 4 Points Values Description 5 5 4.50-5.00 Very much - Always satisfied on the satisfied LMDA services 6 4 3.50-4.49 Much satisfied - Often satisfied on the LMDA services 7 3 2.50-3.49 Satisfied - Sometimes satisfied on the LMDA services 2 1.50-2.49 Less satisfied - Seldom satisfied on the LMDA services 1 1.00-1.49 Not satisfied - Never satisfied on the LMDA services Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
  • 47. The data were carefully analyzed and Treatment Methodology interpreted using the following statistical 1 tools: 2 For the problem 1, the application of 3 the mean and the standard deviation 4 were used in finding the level of 5 satisfaction of communities. 6 For problem 2, the frequency count 7 and percentage based on the actual responses were employed to determine the problems identified by the respondents. Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
  • 48. The findings of the study are as follows: The level of satisfaction of communities 1 on the LMDA services is satisfied on the 2 three components, namely: upland and 3 lowland management, river 4 management, and institutional 5 strengthening; while the level of 6 satisfaction of communities on lake 7 management component is much satisfied. However, the level of satisfaction of communities on the LMDA services is generally satisfied. Services Communities’ Satisfaction on LMDA
  • 49. Summary Table on the Level of Satisfaction of the Communities on the LMDA Services 1 Summary of Satisfaction Findings LMDA Services X Sd Over-all Qd 2 1. Lake management 3.55 0.85 Much 3 satisfied 4 2. Institutional 3.49 0.83 Satisfied 5 strengthening 6 3. Upland and lowland 3.37 0.77 Satisfied management 7 4. River4.50 – 5.00 Very much satisfied Legend: management 3.12 1.50 – 2.49 Satisfied 0.85 Less satisfied 3.50 – 4.49 Much satisfied 1.00 – 1.49 Not satisfied Over-all 2.50 – 3.49 Satisfied 3.38 0.68 Satisfied Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
  • 50. The main problems encountered per roblems Encountered Findings component area by the CSOs are the 1 following: 2 Main Problems Percentag LMDA Program 3 e Component 4 1. Illegal fishing 68% Lake management 2. Lack of support and 64% Institutional 5 fund strengthening 6 3. Upland area 52% Upland & lowland destruction management 7 4. Soil erosion, 37% River management landslide, cutting of trees Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
  • 51. The problems on mining and flooding 1 are the common problems that existed Findings 2 on upland and lowland 3 management, river management, and 4 lake management components. 5 The poor attitude and poor participation 6 of people; and the poor implementation 7 and enforcement of laws and policies, are the significant crosscutting issues or problems present on the four components of LMDA services. Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
  • 52. Based on the findings of the study, the following conclusions are drawn: 1 2 1. Since the level of satisfaction of 3 communities on the LMDA services is 4 generally satisfied, therefore the 5 communities in Lake Mainit influence 6 area are sometimes satisfied with the 7 LMDA services in performing its mandates to sustain its environmental management services. Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
  • 53. 2. Communities in Lake Mainit influence area are still facing different environmental and 1 2 institutional related issues or Conclusion 3 problems despite LMDA’s 4 continual efforts in the 5 implementation of its 6 environmental management 7 programs. Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
  • 54. 1 1. The LGUs, LMDA, Department of 2 Environment and Natural Resources 3 (DENR), Department of Agriculture (DA), A 4 1 2 and NGOs must consider the provision of 3 4 5 B alternative livelihood and necessary 6 1 2 3 4 supports and funds for the identified and C appropriate income-generating projects 7 1 2 3 4 (IGPs). They must provide and maintain D suitable community-based farming 1 2 3 4 technologies and practices with 5 continuous assessment and support. LMDA Services Communities’ Satisfaction on
  • 55. Recommendations 2. The LMDA, LGUs, DENR, NGOs and Department of Tourism (DOT) should establish 1 and continue to maintain tree parks, nurseries, and agro-forestry projects in every municipality 2 and promote eco-tourism. 3 A 3. The LGUs, with LMDA, NGOs and concerned 4 1 2 3 4 GLAs should continue conducting related 5 B environmental assessments and IEC advocacies 6 1 2 3 4 like symposia with topics on environment, and biological assessment. The LGU and DENR with 7 C 1 2 3 4 NGOs and communities should D institutionalize/deputize and support the 1 2 community environmental wardens or teams in 3 4 5 monitoring and implementing environmental Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
  • 56. Recommendations 4. The LMDA in close collaboration with the DENR, Mines Geosciences Bureau 1 (MGB), Environmental Management 2 Bureau (EMB), LGUs 3 (province, municipalities, barangays), and A 4 1 2 Department of Interior and Local 3 4 5 B Government (DILG), should institute 6 1 2 3 4 communities monitoring and response group to regulate, monitor, evaluate and 7 C 1 2 3 4 take necessary actions in all mining and D quarrying operations. 1 2 3 4 5 Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
  • 57. Recommendations 1. The LMDA in close collaboration with the DA, Department of Public Works and 1 Highways (DPWH), municipal and provincial 2 LGUs, and National Irrigation Authority (NIA) 3 should implement relevant infrastructure A 4 1 2 projects like flood control project, drainage 3 4 canal, dredging of Kalinawan River, and 5 B 1 2 riverbank stabilization that will address the 6 3 4 soil erosion, river siltation. 7 C 1 2 2. The LMDA, DENR, provincial and municipal 3 4 LGUs should continue to monitor and D 1 2 evaluate the rivers, assess and regulate 3 4 5 mining operators and quarrying sites. Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
  • 58. Recommendations 3. The LGUs with the cooperation from BFAR, FARMCs, Philippine National 1 Police (PNP) maritime group and local 2 police must strictly implement 3 A environmental ordinances against illegal 4 1 2 3 4 fishing on major tributary rivers like 5 B Kalinawan River. 6 1 2 3 4 4. The LGUs must implement the Ecological 7 C Solid Waste Management (ESWM) Act of 1 2 3 4 2000 (RA 9003); improved their ESWM D 1 2 practices; and conduct relevant IEC and 3 4 5 advocacy to communities on ESWM. Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
  • 59. Recommendations 1. The LMDA in partnership with the municipal and barangay LGUs, BFAR, FARMCs, PNP maritime 1 group, communities and local police 2 must strongly and fully implement the 3 A unified fishery ordinance (UFO) in 4 1 2 3 4 5 B Lake Mainit. 6 1 2 3 4 2. LMDA and BFAR should provide 7 C appropriate capacity-building 1 2 3 4 initiatives related to lake D 1 2 management especially to 3 4 5 community organizations, FARMCs Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
  • 60. Recommendations 3. BFAR should continue to implement the fish seeding or fish dispersal to 1 the Lake and help LGUs maintain its 2 fish sanctuaries. 3 A 4. LGUs should enforce the 4 1 2 3 4 implementation of ESWM Act of 5 B 1 2 2000; implement Organic Agriculture 6 3 4 Act of 2010 (RA 10068); and promote 7 C 1 2 organic agricultural practices 3 4 especially on rice farming D 1 2 3 4 management within the lakeshore 5 communities. Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
  • 61. Recommendations 1. The LMDA with the National Economic Development Authority (NEDA) should come up with technical project proposals especially 1 those that enhance socio-economic and 2 environmental development to be endorsed 3 to the national government and to foreign A donors’ overseas development assistance 4 1 2 3 4 (ODA) program for funding support. 5 B 1 2 2. The LMDA with the major partner CSOs 6 3 4 should strengthen and fully operate the Lake 7 C 1 2 Mainit CSO network. They should also 3 4 promote and integrate the spiritual D 1 2 development and values nurturing program 3 4 5 on its plans and activities to the community Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
  • 62. Recommendations 3. The LMDA, LGUs and CSO network should continue to assist the communities, conduct 1 regular assessment to POs, and provide 2 appropriate trainings and skills development 3 interventions. A 4 1 2 4. The LMDA should have full autonomy and 3 4 5 B powers over Lake Mainit. The member LGUs 6 1 2 3 4 and GLAs with the Regional Development C Council (RDC) should endorse the Lake 7 1 2 3 4 Mainit Development Authority Bill to senate D and congress for enactment. 1 2 3 4 5 Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
  • 63. Recommendations 5. The LMDA must enhance and revisit its strategic development plans; harmonize or 1 mainstream it with the development plans to 2 both the national and local governments and 3 CSOs; and fully implement the environmental A 4 1 2 management services as stipulated on its 3 4 5 B EMP with funding supports and political will 6 1 2 3 4 from LGUs and other funding institutions. 7 C 1 2 3 4 D 1 2 3 4 5 Communities Satisfaction on LMDA Services
  • 64. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Natad, Johny S. “Communities’ Satisfaction on Lake Mainit Development Alliance (LMDA) Services”, Unpublished Master’s thesis, Bukidnon State University, City of Malaybalay, Bukidnon, March 2013. Communities’ Satisfaction on LMDA Services