1. New York City: The Crossroad of World Trade JAMES SMITH III

2. SUNSHINE AND SHADOW Cornelius Vanderbilt POST CIVIL-WAR During the years following the Civil War New York became the New York we know today Great wealth was created through new ideas and innovations During this time N.Y. Rail was created when Cornelius Vanderbilt sold his shipping company and bought seventeen small rail companies and combined them The “Industrial Machine” created the richest city in the country During this time Wall Street began to mature, but it was unregulated and the economy was constantly thrown for loops

3. SUNSHINE AND SHADOW STEEL As the city grew and matured during the end of the 19th century rail travel became popular. Wherever the rails were laid was were people would migrate to. This made people migrate into the five boroughs. Although rail was becoming the de facto way of travel for many it couldn’t over water, where the ferries were in control; on 1/28/1867 the East River froze for four weeks causing people to demand a bridge. And Since the East River was had the busiest water in the world and Bridge was commissioned this bridge would become the Brooklyn Bridge connecting Manhattan and Brooklyn. Brooklyn Bridge

4. SUNSHINE AND SHADOW Boss William M. Tweed Is known for stealing $50 million from New York, today that number would be $500 Million Because of his position he would know where land development funds would go, and would buy land before the funds would arrive and make a generous profit. He also did the same for others and received kickbacks. Another way he received money was by delaying projects and making sure that everything would be way more expensive than it needed to be. Tweed has become the face of political corruption, but he did do good things for the people he represented he helped build: schools, hospitals, etc and helped with the construction of Central Park and the Brooklyn Bridge. Tweed’s ways caught up to him win political cartoons were posted showing his corruption to the world. He would later go on to die in 1878 in prison William M. Tweed

5. The Power and the People New York isn’t “is” it’s “becoming” 1880s immigrants from Southern and Eastern Europe began migrating to thee U.S.A. by the millions Most left everything they owned behind to find freedom in the American Dream Castle Garden was originally the meet point for immigrants but soon became small to accommodate people so Ellis Island was opened in 1890, on some days 20,000 people would walk through the doors, within 30 years 12 million would come though During the process it would only take 60 seconds for a inspector to determine whether or not someone could move from one point to the next. 80% of all who came were able to come through. Of the immigrants that went through the process 25% would go on to live the rest of their lives in New York Ellis Island

6. The Power and the People Immigrant Metropolis New York became known as the “Whirlpool of Races” and began the tradition of openness to newcomers Millions of immigrants came each year and 4 out every 5 New York residents were either immigrants themselves or children of immigrants The Lower Eastside seemed like a totally different country to some who entered, since there were many different languages being spoken at the same time. Many of the immigrants exchanged ancient ways for the modern world Although many wanted the American Dream, many were shocked to know it would be a very difficult journey. Even with this it only took ten years for an immigrant family to move out of the Lower Eastside. Immigrants at Ellis Island

7. The Power and the People Skyscrapers Was the first view of the immigrants as they exited their ships The buildings were created because of the invention of steel and the need for space in large cities like New York Skyscrapers would have never gotten to where they are today if it wasn’t for the invention of the electric elevator, which allowed engineers and architects to build as high as they wanted to without having to worry about human stamina The skyscrapers were loved by all Americans since they now had a leg up on European architecture it was the “Poetry of the Modern World” Chicago Skyline

8. A Merger That Puts New York on Top AOL-Time Warner The article focused on the new digital age and how New York was going to have to adapt to the new world The article mention how New York had always been the center of culture and the vision of the future, due to inventions like: the telephone, motion pictures, radio and television.New York has also been the home of most major media companies since after the first World War. Even with all of this the digital revolution was something that New York had never seen: European customer now could bypass to do business with the USA Cable channels had taken a bite out of the big three television networks The AOL-Time Warner merger itself showed that the new age of digital was slowly beginning to over the “old media” The merger was seen as way to put New York on top in the new digital age Former AOL-Time Warner building

9. The City in the Land of the Dollar City: Chicago Time Period: Late 1800s Theme: Architecture Issue: Why American cities didn’t have the style or flare of their European counterparts

11. Had skyscrapers and different types of architecture

12. The cities didn’t have large landmark areas like those in Europe and many wanted to why America couldn’t have their own cities like Paris.Chicago

13. The City in the Land of the Dollar Chicago’s Columbian Exposition Was an exposition to celebrate Christopher Columbus Gave Chicago a chance to show off its greatness Most of the architecture was championed by Frederick Law Olmstead as the city went tried to form its own Central Park. The architecture was formed in neoclassical design and showed off the greatness that was in Chicago The Exposition was a success and the design included large sprawling parks and new Chicago Statue of the Republic was built for the Expo The First Ferris Wheel was shown at the Exposition