AIR POLLUTION CONTROL course material by Prof S S JAHAGIRDAR,NKOCET,SOLAPUR for BE (CIVIL ) students of Solapur university. Content will be also useful for SHIVAJI and PUNE university students

1. L-7
Effects of air pollution on
human health (Part -II)
Air pollution and control
(Elective –I)
Prof S S Jahagirdar,NKOCET
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2. Air pollutants
2. Carbon Monoxide (CO)
Characteristics
- Colourless
- Odourless
- Toxic gas
- Has greater
affinity for Hb
- Attacks Hb and
replaces oxygen
• Major sources
1. Incomplete
combustion of fuels
2. Automobile
exhausts
3. Jet engines
emissions
4. Blast furnaces
5. Mines
Prof S S Jahagirdar,NKOCET6. Tobacco smoking
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3. Typical effects of CO
1. Toxicity
2. Blood poisoning
3. CNS impairment
4. Forms carboxyhemoglobin as it
combines with hemoglobin present
in the blood.
5.Hb has 200 times more affinity
towards CO than O2.
6.Excess amount of CO-Hb leads to death
Prof S S Jahagirdar,NKOCET
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4. Prof S S Jahagirdar,NKOCET
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5. Prof S S Jahagirdar,NKOCET
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6. Prof S S Jahagirdar,NKOCET
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7. 3. Sulphur dioxide (SO2)
Characteristics
- Colourless
- Heavy
- Water soluble gas
- With pungent and
irritating odour
- Combines with
moisture to form
H2SO4
Major sources
1. Combustion of coal
2. Combustion of
petroleum products
3. Burning of refuse
4. Oil refining
5. Thermal power plants
6. Domestic burning of
fuels
Prof S S Jahagirdar,NKOCET
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8. Typical effects
1. Increased breathing rate and feeling air
starvation
2. Suffocation
3. Aggravation of asthma and chronic
bronchitis
4. Impairment of pulmonary functions
5. Respiratory irritation
6. Irritation of throat and eyes
Prof S S Jahagirdar,NKOCET
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9. Prof S S Jahagirdar,NKOCET
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10. Prof S S Jahagirdar,NKOCET
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11. 4. Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx)
Characteristics
Major sources
- NO is colourless gas
1. Automobile exhausts
and soluble in water
2. Coal fired and gas fired
- NO2 is reddish brown,
furnaces
somewhat water
3. Explosives industries
soluble, oxidant and
4. Fertilizer industries
forms nitric acid by
5. Nitric acid
combining with water
manufacturing
industries
- Takes part in
photochemical
6. Combustion of wood
and refuse
reaction
Prof S S Jahagirdar,NKOCET
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12. Typical effects
1. Respiratory irritation
2. Headache
3. Bronchitis
4. Pulmonary edema
5. Impairment of lung defenses
6. Loss of appetite
7. Corrosion of teeth
Prof S S Jahagirdar,NKOCET
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13. Prof S S Jahagirdar,NKOCET
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14. 5. Hydrogen Sulphide (H2S)
Major sources
1. Coke ovens
2. Paper mills
3. Petroleum industry
4. Oil refining
5. Viscose rayon manufacturing plants
6. Manufacture of dyes
7. Tanning industry
8. Sewage treatment plants
Prof S S Jahagirdar,NKOCET
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15. Typical effects
1.Headache
2.Conjunctivitis
3.Sleeplessness
4.Irritation of respiratory tract
Prof S S Jahagirdar,NKOCET
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16. 6. Hydrocarbons
Major sources
Characteristics
1. Organic chemical
- Very reactive
industries,
- Some are
2. Petroleum refineries
volatile
3. Automobile exhausts
- takes part in
4. Rubber manufacture
photochemical
reactions
Prof S S Jahagirdar,NKOCET
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17. Typical effects
1.Carcinogenic
2.Lachrymatory effect
Prof S S Jahagirdar,NKOCET
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18. 7. Oxidants (O3, PAN, PBN )
Major sources
1.Photochemical reactions
Typical effects
1.Irritation of eyes and lungs
2.Accumulation of fluids in the lungs
3.Effects on enzymes
Prof S S Jahagirdar,NKOCET
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19. Objective Questions
Q1.Hb has ________ times more affinity
towards CO than O2.
Q2. CO after entering into body combines with
____________ to form _________________.
Q3. ___________________ gas has pungent and
irritating odour.
Q4. __________________are very reactive in
nature.
Q5. ________,___________and ________ causes
effects on enzymes.
Prof S S Jahagirdar,NKOCET
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20. Theory Questions
Q1. Give characteristics, major sources and typical effects
of following pollutants on human health
1. SO2
2. NO2
3. CO
4. O3
Q2. Write in detail effects of following pollutants on
human health (Tabular format expected)
1. SO2
2. NO2
3. CO
Prof S S Jahagirdar,NKOCET
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21. Prof S S Jahagirdar,NKOCET
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