2. What Do You Know?
What three words best describe your
1. personal experience with God?
Do you have any personal experience
2. with Buddhism?
3. What do you know about Buddhism?
What questions do you have
4. about Buddhism?
3. Our “Mars Hill” Methodology
• A basic introduction to the faith’s worldview
1.
• Areas of agreement between that faith and
2. Orthodox Christian theology and practice
• Areas of disagreement between that faith
3. and Orthodox Christian theology and practice
GOAL: To equip you to build a truth-seeking
relationship with someone of another faith.
6. Review: the Hindu Worldview
Samsara
Maya Atman
Brahman
Re-
incarnation
Karma
7. The Life of Siddhartha Gautama
Enlightenment
“Bodhi”
The Middle
Way
Great Going
Forth
“4 Passing
Sights”
Born to Indian
Royalty, raised
in luxury
(563 BC)
8. Buddhism: Three Marks of Reality
Maya
Re-
incarnation
Brahman
Samsara
1) All is Change
Karma Atman
9. Buddhism: Three Marks of Reality
1) All is Change
Atman
Samsara Karma
Brahman
2) Anatman: No Self
Re-
Maya
incarnation
10. Buddhism: Three Marks of Reality
1) All is Change
2) Anatman
3) Suffering/
Dissatisfaction
11. The Buddhist Worldview: Sat
Samsara Samsara
Maya Atman
Brahman
Sat
Re-
Re- incarnation Karma
incarnation
Karma
Hinduism Buddhism
12. The Buddhist Self: 5 Skanda/Aggregates
Samsara
5
Karma
Senses
Maya Atman
Brahman Conscious
Body -ness
Re-
incarnation
Karma Perceptions
Hinduism Buddhism
13. Reincarnation in Buddhism
5 Karma 5
Karma
Senses Senses
Conscious Conscious
Body -ness Body -ness
Perceptions Perceptions
15. Buddha’s Four Noble Truths
The 8-Fold Path releases us
from suffering.
End suffering by
ending desire.
Suffering is
caused by desire.
To live is to suffer.
16. The Eight-Fold Path to Enlightenment
Under-
standing
Contem-
Intention
plation
Medi-
Speech
tation
Effort Action
Work
18. Buddhism Today
Theravada Mahayana Zen
• Built around • “The Great • A school of
Monastic Vehicle” Mahayana
communities • Most popular • Named for the
• Probably most • Bodhisattvas 7th step
like Buddha’s and gods • Highlights
teachings • Many schools meditation
19. Buddhism Today
Mahayana
Theravada Zen
1. Ahimsa
2. Education
20. Building Bridges to Buddhism
We both have a founder.
The Problem of Evil
The Danger of Desire
Spiritual Practices are Good
21. Buddhists and Christians Both Value
Education
Spiritual practices
Peacemaking as a spiritual practice
Taking care of the natural world
22. Where Buddhism and Christianity Disagree
Just In
repeats Buddhism
Some-
Christians Believe The World Is Going
where
Every-
Life
thing
Is
Cyclical
23. Where Buddhism and Christianity Disagree
Sat
• “gods” are part of (false) reality
• gods’ essence is identical to reality
• gods are also trying to escape
Yahweh
• God is the creator
• God is distinct from creation
• God is rescuing and redeeming creation
24. Where Buddhism and Christianity Disagree
Desire is Bad
• Creation is fundamentally impermanent
• Desire causes suffering.
• Desire must be eliminated.
Desire can be Bad.
• Created things are gifts from God.
• Our desires should point us back to God
• Misaligned desires cause idolatry.
25. Where Buddhism and Christianity Disagree
Nirvana
• The goal of Buddhism is the end of Self
• Self is an illusion
• Reincarnation
Christlikeness
• The goal of Christianity is sanctification
• Self is redeemed and fulfilled
• One Self, One (eternal) Life
We all see “through a mirror dimly”, as Paul says (1 Corinthians 13:12).People of other faiths will help us know God better, even as we help them know God better. Ultimately, if we’re all diligent to seek Truth, we will find Jesus.
Buddhism grew out of and is in many ways a reaction to Hinduism. Much of Buddhism is founded on the Hindu worldview.
Buddha was born Siddhartha Gautama to Indian royalty (in modern day Nepal). His parents raised him in luxury and seclusion, but when he was nearly 30, he sneaked out of the palace.There he encountered the 4 Passing Sights: an Old man, a Sick man, a corpse and a renunciate (cf last week)Siddhartha went into the world with only his questionsAfter living in the lap of luxury, he tried extreme ascetism. He nearly died of starvation, but found himself no closer to enlightenment.He rejected both extremes and sat in the shade of a tree to meditate until he figured everything out. After a while (debates about how long), he found Awakening/Enlightenment (Bodhi). “Buddha” in Sanskrit means “Awakened One”.He spent the rest of his life traveling and teaching. He died at 80, allegedly from spoiled food.
Buddha taught that all reality is change. As such, Buddha rejected even the idea of Brahman.
This Mark is usually called “suffering”, but a better word is “dissatisfaction”. Because everything is always changing, even our greatest pleasures are tempered by the reality that they’ll soon be gone.
For a Buddhist, all is change. There is no Brahman, only Sat (suht – “truth” or “being”) – the ever-changing world that is unknowable so long as we are bound by desire to Samsara.Sat isn’t explicitly non-existence. In practice, it’s not overly different from Brahman.
In Hinduism, the Atman is a manifestation of Brahman that is reincarnated over and over. It is irreducible and unchanging.In Buddhism, the Self is anatman, an illusion. Because all aspects of our Selves are constantly changing, nothing about us is permenant.“Perceptions” are the mental constructs we make of reality. How we interpret our world. This would include things like causality and worldview.
At death, ourskanda break apart. Our karmic actions and consciousness are then reincarnated and the cycle begins again.Practically speaking, this isn’t different from Hinduism. When you start to split hairs, the difference is that Buddhists don’t identify an atman, an irreducible, unchanging ‘essence’ of a person.
Escape from Samsara and entrance into Sat. Nirvana is not non-existence.Again, practically speaking, this looks a lot like Hinduism’s moksha.
This Mark is usually called “suffering”, but a better word is “dissatisfaction”. Because everything is always changing, even our greatest pleasures are tempered by the reality that they’ll soon be gone.
Understanding – 4 Noble TruthsIntention – Not tainted by selfishnessSpeech – honest, kind, etc.Action – no harm ahimsaWork – no harmEffort – Constantly improving (within the bounds of moderation)Meditation – Contemplate the nature of realityContemplation – cultivate inner peace/detachment
Buddhism is technically “non-theistic”. It rejects Brahman because all is change. Buddha refused to answer many questions, including “Is there a god?”There is technically room for god-like beings in Buddhism, as we’ll see in a moment.
Three of the most important schools of Buddhism today.(Buddhism spread all over Asia. It became hugely influential in China and Japan.)
Nearly all Buddhists agree on these two key principles.
On #2… Gandhi loved Jesus!
Because there’s nowhere for it to go. This is change for the sake of change.Christians believe that a particular God has shaped
Hindus love to talk about God!We both take the presence of God in our lives very seriously!We both recognize that the material world can trip up our spirituality
We are most fully ourselves when we are fully in Christ.