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The Medieval Period
of Western Musical History
       476 AD to
        1400 AD
The word Medieval is derived from the Latin
    word “medius” meaning “middle.”

The Medieval Period in Western history is also
 known as the Middle Ages or also the Dark
Ages. It was a period in the history of Western
  civilization when civilization broke down in
various ways and became quite primitive. The
 cultural advances of the ancient Greece and
Rome were essentially lost with the Fall of the
            Roman Empire in 476 A.D.

 As a result, Western civilization had to begin
      again during the Medieval period.
The word Medieval is derived from the Latin
    word “medius” meaning “middle.”

 The Medieval Period in Western history is
also known as the Middle Ages or also the
Dark Ages. It was a period in the history of
Western civilization when civilization broke
  down in various ways and became quite
   primitive. The cultural advances of the
ancient Greece and Rome were essentially
   lost with the Fall of the Roman Empire
                 in 476 A.D.

  As a result, Western civilization had to
  begin again during the Medieval period.
Medieval Period of
                Western History

   Lasted from about 476 A.D to 1400 A.D.
    (different sources vary as to the exact dates)

   One of the 3 broad periods of Western
    history: Classic / Medieval / Modern

   Founding of universities

   Building of cathedrals and castles
Heidelberg Castle in Germany
      Built in 1214 A.D.
A Medieval painting depicting angels stabbing dragons,
      a common symbolic image in Medieval art.
Medieval painting depicting the victory of
Byzantine Emperor Heraclius over the Persians in 627 A.D.
Music of the Medieval Period:
    Monody – Monophonic Music
              (meaning “one sound”)

   Single line melodies with no accompaniment
   Known as “chant” or “plainchant”
   Used as music for the early Christian church
   Gregorian chant – a more uniform system of
    chant that was developed under the reign of
    Pope Gregory I (590 AD to 604 AD)
   Sung by monks practicing the 'Divine Office'
    eight times a day at the specific hours
Developments in Medieval Music:
 Polyphony (meaning “many sounds”)
   Two or more independent lines of
    music sung or played simultaneously
   Began as an additional parallel line to
    a line of Gregorian chant
   Music notation began to be
    developed around the same time
    polyphony developed
Gregorian Chant
Illuminated Manuscript
The Medieval Motet

   Polyphonic vocal composition with several
    different melodic lines (several voices singing)
Example:
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LS0jAZFWrmA
 One line (cantus firmus) used phrase from
    Gregorian chant
 Lines above cantus firmus were different and
    sometimes in a another language
 Music often contained complex musical
    techniques
Secular (Non-Sacred) Music in
         the Medieval Period
   Lyrics (words) often written and preserved;
    music seldom preserved
   Sung in vernacular (local) languages
   Troubadours – traveling composer-singers who sang songs
    about chivalry and courtly love
Also:
   Dance music (mostly lost today)

        Musical Example: 13th century Dance Music (3’02”):
         http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6-8weVCnvdM
Secular (Non-Sacred) Music in
     the Medieval Period

    Guillaume de Machaut
              (c.1300-1377)
  was a composer of the late Medieval
 period and one of the few composers
  from the Medieval period for whom
  biographical information still exists.
“Dame mon couer en vous remaint”
               Medieval French Song
               by Guillaume de Machaut
Lady, my heart remains in you.
However far I may be from you.
With true love which dwells in me.
Lady, my heart remains in you.
Now I pray God your heart may love me. Without
leaving me for any other love. Lady, my heart
remains in you.
However far I may be from you

                  Listen to this song:
   http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jVWKHJKLHgQ (4’34”)
(End)

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Medieval music

  • 1. The Medieval Period of Western Musical History 476 AD to 1400 AD
  • 2. The word Medieval is derived from the Latin word “medius” meaning “middle.” The Medieval Period in Western history is also known as the Middle Ages or also the Dark Ages. It was a period in the history of Western civilization when civilization broke down in various ways and became quite primitive. The cultural advances of the ancient Greece and Rome were essentially lost with the Fall of the Roman Empire in 476 A.D. As a result, Western civilization had to begin again during the Medieval period.
  • 3. The word Medieval is derived from the Latin word “medius” meaning “middle.” The Medieval Period in Western history is also known as the Middle Ages or also the Dark Ages. It was a period in the history of Western civilization when civilization broke down in various ways and became quite primitive. The cultural advances of the ancient Greece and Rome were essentially lost with the Fall of the Roman Empire in 476 A.D. As a result, Western civilization had to begin again during the Medieval period.
  • 4. Medieval Period of Western History  Lasted from about 476 A.D to 1400 A.D. (different sources vary as to the exact dates)  One of the 3 broad periods of Western history: Classic / Medieval / Modern  Founding of universities  Building of cathedrals and castles
  • 5. Heidelberg Castle in Germany Built in 1214 A.D.
  • 6. A Medieval painting depicting angels stabbing dragons, a common symbolic image in Medieval art.
  • 7. Medieval painting depicting the victory of Byzantine Emperor Heraclius over the Persians in 627 A.D.
  • 8. Music of the Medieval Period: Monody – Monophonic Music (meaning “one sound”)  Single line melodies with no accompaniment  Known as “chant” or “plainchant”  Used as music for the early Christian church  Gregorian chant – a more uniform system of chant that was developed under the reign of Pope Gregory I (590 AD to 604 AD)  Sung by monks practicing the 'Divine Office' eight times a day at the specific hours
  • 9. Developments in Medieval Music: Polyphony (meaning “many sounds”)  Two or more independent lines of music sung or played simultaneously  Began as an additional parallel line to a line of Gregorian chant  Music notation began to be developed around the same time polyphony developed
  • 11. The Medieval Motet  Polyphonic vocal composition with several different melodic lines (several voices singing) Example: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LS0jAZFWrmA  One line (cantus firmus) used phrase from Gregorian chant  Lines above cantus firmus were different and sometimes in a another language  Music often contained complex musical techniques
  • 12. Secular (Non-Sacred) Music in the Medieval Period  Lyrics (words) often written and preserved; music seldom preserved  Sung in vernacular (local) languages  Troubadours – traveling composer-singers who sang songs about chivalry and courtly love Also:  Dance music (mostly lost today) Musical Example: 13th century Dance Music (3’02”): http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6-8weVCnvdM
  • 13. Secular (Non-Sacred) Music in the Medieval Period Guillaume de Machaut (c.1300-1377) was a composer of the late Medieval period and one of the few composers from the Medieval period for whom biographical information still exists.
  • 14. “Dame mon couer en vous remaint” Medieval French Song by Guillaume de Machaut Lady, my heart remains in you. However far I may be from you. With true love which dwells in me. Lady, my heart remains in you. Now I pray God your heart may love me. Without leaving me for any other love. Lady, my heart remains in you. However far I may be from you Listen to this song: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jVWKHJKLHgQ (4’34”)
  • 15. (End)