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LEGISLATURE
WHY DO WE NEED A
           PARLIAMENT?
***************************       ***************************
• Law making is the main          • The parliament is the open
   function of legislature, in      forum of debate
   modern democracies it is
   the main source of law         • It is the most representative
                                    of all organs of government
• In representative form of
   democracies the legislatures   • The parliament is vested
   helps the people in holding      with the power to choose
   the representatives              and dismiss the government
   accountable                    • Above all it is the centre of
• In parliamentary form of          all democratic and political
   government the legislature       process
   controls the cabinet
Legislature
• BICAMERAL               • UNICAMERAL
  LEGISLATURE               LEGISLATURE
• A legislature having    • A legislature having
  two houses is called      only one house is
  bicameral legislature     called unicameral
• Eg. India,USA             legislature
                          • Eg.UK,
PARLIAMENT
LOK SABHA(House of   RAJYA SABHA(Council of
people)              states)
WHY DO WE NEED TWO
  HOUSES OF PARLIAMENT ?
• Countries with large size    • In a federation the second
  and much diversity             chamber as the council of
  usually prefer bicameral       states gives
  legislature, In order to       representation to
  give representation to all     different states
  regions and sections of      • The senior and
  people                         experienced persons can
• A bicameral legislature        be accommodated
  makes it possible to have      through nomination or
  every decision                 indirect elections
  reconsidered and thus        • Eminent persons from
  prevents hasty decisions       different areas can be
                                 included through
                                 nomination
FUNCTIONS OF
            LEGISLATURE
• Legislative Function
• Control of Executive
  and ensuring its
  accountability
• Financial Function
• Representation
• Debating Function
• constitutional
  amendments
• Electoral functions
• Judicial functions
POWERS OF LOK SABHA
• ������ Makes Laws on             • ������ Amends the
  matters included in Union      Constitution.
  List and Concurrent List.    • ������ Approves the
  Can introduce and enact        Proclamation of
  money and non money            emergency.
  bills.                       • ������ Elects the President
• ������ Approves proposals          and Vice President and
  for taxation, budgets and      removes Judges of
  annual financial               Supreme Court and High
  Statements.                    Court.
• ������ Controls the              • ������ Establishes
  executive by asking            committees and
  questions, supplementary       commissions and
  questions, resolutions and     considers their reports.
  motions and through no
  confidence motion.
POWERS OF RAJYA SABHA
• ������ Considers and           • ������ Participates in the
  approves non money bills     election and removal of
  and suggests                 the President, Vice
  amendments to money          President, Judges of
  bills.                       Supreme Court and High
• ������ Approves                  Court. It can alone
  constitutional               initiate the procedure for
  amendments.                  removal of Vice
• ������ Exercises control         President.
  over executive by asking   • ������ Can give the Union
  questions, introducing       parliament power to
  motions and resolutions      make laws on matters
                               included in the State list.
MEERA KUMAR & HAMEED
       ANSARI
Legislature ppp
Legislative Procedure in the Parliament
•  A bill has to pass through various
   stages before it becomes an Act.
1. Introduction
2. Committee Stage
3. Second Reading
4. Third Reading
5. The Bill in the Second House
6. The President’s Assent
1. Introduction


•   1 month’s notice (in case of a Private bill) to the Speaker
    by a MP other than a Minister, regarding his intention to
    move a bill
•    In case of Govt Bill- no need to give a month’s notice to
    the speaker.
•   After submitting to the with its aims and objectives- date
    & time is fixed on the agenda of the House for its
    introduction.
•   On the scheduled date and time mover of the bill begs
    leave of the House to introduce the bill.
•   Initiator of the Bill speaks, a discussion follows.
•   The request for introduction of the bill is put to vote.
•   If House votes in its favour then the Bill is formally
    passed.
•   Introduction of the Bill is also known as FRB
2. Committee Stage

•    After granting leave to introduce the Bill,
     the House may do one of the following.
1.   It may immediately take up the Bill for
     consideration.
2.   Refer it to a select Committee of the House
     .
3.   It may circulate the bill for eliciting public
     opinion.
•    Usual practice- refer the bill to a Select
     Committee.
3. Second Reading (Report Stage)


•   Submission of the report of the committee
    – beginning of the third stage.
•   House takes up the Bill for consideration
    after a debate on the Committee’s Report
•   This is called the Second Reading.
•   Amendments if any are proposed n
    included if passed by a majority vote.
•   Completion of Second Reading- Once every
    Clause is voted upon.
•
4. Third (Final) Reading

•   TRB is a formality.
•   No changes at this change.
•   Members can speak for or against the Bill
    as a whole.
•   With minor amendments if any the bill is
    put to vote.
•   Either passed or rejected as a whole by a
    majority vote of the house.
•   Receives the Sign of the Chairman of the
    House.
5. The Bill in the Second House


•   Once passed it is referred to the Second House for
    consideration .
•   In Second House it goes through all the stages of
    procedure as in the First House .
•   When passed by both the Houses then it is
    considered to be passed by the Parliament.
•   Any disagreement- joint session of both the Houses
    takes place.
•   Decision is taken by the majority vote of the
    members present.
•   Receives the Sign of the Chairman of the House.
6. The President’s Assent

•    Having been passed in both the Houses – is
     referred to the President for his assent.
•    Treatment by President .
1.   President may give his assent. It becomes an Act
     and is placed on the Statue Book
2.   May reject it and send it back to Parliament for
     consideration If passed again by both Houses with
     or without amendments will be sent to President
     for Second Time. President has to give his assent
     and thus it becomes an Act with his sign
3.   Parliament is not bound to accept the suggestion
     made by the President.
HOW DOES THE PARLIAMENT
      CONTROL THE EXECUTIVE?

•   ������   Deliberation and discussion
•   ������   Approval or Refusal of laws
•   ������   Financial control
•   ������   No confidence motion
THE DARK SIDE

   INDIAN
LEGISLATURE
MONEY POWER
MUSCLE POWER
AYA RAM GAYA RAM
FIGHTING OVER CREDIT
HOPE

   INDIAN
LEGISLATURE
RIGHT TO EDUCATION
WOMENS RESERVATION
       BILL
RIGHT TO INFORMATION

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Legislature ppp

  • 2. WHY DO WE NEED A PARLIAMENT? *************************** *************************** • Law making is the main • The parliament is the open function of legislature, in forum of debate modern democracies it is the main source of law • It is the most representative of all organs of government • In representative form of democracies the legislatures • The parliament is vested helps the people in holding with the power to choose the representatives and dismiss the government accountable • Above all it is the centre of • In parliamentary form of all democratic and political government the legislature process controls the cabinet
  • 3. Legislature • BICAMERAL • UNICAMERAL LEGISLATURE LEGISLATURE • A legislature having • A legislature having two houses is called only one house is bicameral legislature called unicameral • Eg. India,USA legislature • Eg.UK,
  • 4. PARLIAMENT LOK SABHA(House of RAJYA SABHA(Council of people) states)
  • 5. WHY DO WE NEED TWO HOUSES OF PARLIAMENT ? • Countries with large size • In a federation the second and much diversity chamber as the council of usually prefer bicameral states gives legislature, In order to representation to give representation to all different states regions and sections of • The senior and people experienced persons can • A bicameral legislature be accommodated makes it possible to have through nomination or every decision indirect elections reconsidered and thus • Eminent persons from prevents hasty decisions different areas can be included through nomination
  • 6. FUNCTIONS OF LEGISLATURE • Legislative Function • Control of Executive and ensuring its accountability • Financial Function • Representation • Debating Function • constitutional amendments • Electoral functions • Judicial functions
  • 7. POWERS OF LOK SABHA • ������ Makes Laws on • ������ Amends the matters included in Union Constitution. List and Concurrent List. • ������ Approves the Can introduce and enact Proclamation of money and non money emergency. bills. • ������ Elects the President • ������ Approves proposals and Vice President and for taxation, budgets and removes Judges of annual financial Supreme Court and High Statements. Court. • ������ Controls the • ������ Establishes executive by asking committees and questions, supplementary commissions and questions, resolutions and considers their reports. motions and through no confidence motion.
  • 8. POWERS OF RAJYA SABHA • ������ Considers and • ������ Participates in the approves non money bills election and removal of and suggests the President, Vice amendments to money President, Judges of bills. Supreme Court and High • ������ Approves Court. It can alone constitutional initiate the procedure for amendments. removal of Vice • ������ Exercises control President. over executive by asking • ������ Can give the Union questions, introducing parliament power to motions and resolutions make laws on matters included in the State list.
  • 9. MEERA KUMAR & HAMEED ANSARI
  • 11. Legislative Procedure in the Parliament • A bill has to pass through various stages before it becomes an Act. 1. Introduction 2. Committee Stage 3. Second Reading 4. Third Reading 5. The Bill in the Second House 6. The President’s Assent
  • 12. 1. Introduction • 1 month’s notice (in case of a Private bill) to the Speaker by a MP other than a Minister, regarding his intention to move a bill • In case of Govt Bill- no need to give a month’s notice to the speaker. • After submitting to the with its aims and objectives- date & time is fixed on the agenda of the House for its introduction. • On the scheduled date and time mover of the bill begs leave of the House to introduce the bill. • Initiator of the Bill speaks, a discussion follows. • The request for introduction of the bill is put to vote. • If House votes in its favour then the Bill is formally passed. • Introduction of the Bill is also known as FRB
  • 13. 2. Committee Stage • After granting leave to introduce the Bill, the House may do one of the following. 1. It may immediately take up the Bill for consideration. 2. Refer it to a select Committee of the House . 3. It may circulate the bill for eliciting public opinion. • Usual practice- refer the bill to a Select Committee.
  • 14. 3. Second Reading (Report Stage) • Submission of the report of the committee – beginning of the third stage. • House takes up the Bill for consideration after a debate on the Committee’s Report • This is called the Second Reading. • Amendments if any are proposed n included if passed by a majority vote. • Completion of Second Reading- Once every Clause is voted upon. •
  • 15. 4. Third (Final) Reading • TRB is a formality. • No changes at this change. • Members can speak for or against the Bill as a whole. • With minor amendments if any the bill is put to vote. • Either passed or rejected as a whole by a majority vote of the house. • Receives the Sign of the Chairman of the House.
  • 16. 5. The Bill in the Second House • Once passed it is referred to the Second House for consideration . • In Second House it goes through all the stages of procedure as in the First House . • When passed by both the Houses then it is considered to be passed by the Parliament. • Any disagreement- joint session of both the Houses takes place. • Decision is taken by the majority vote of the members present. • Receives the Sign of the Chairman of the House.
  • 17. 6. The President’s Assent • Having been passed in both the Houses – is referred to the President for his assent. • Treatment by President . 1. President may give his assent. It becomes an Act and is placed on the Statue Book 2. May reject it and send it back to Parliament for consideration If passed again by both Houses with or without amendments will be sent to President for Second Time. President has to give his assent and thus it becomes an Act with his sign 3. Parliament is not bound to accept the suggestion made by the President.
  • 18. HOW DOES THE PARLIAMENT CONTROL THE EXECUTIVE? • ������ Deliberation and discussion • ������ Approval or Refusal of laws • ������ Financial control • ������ No confidence motion
  • 19. THE DARK SIDE INDIAN LEGISLATURE
  • 24. HOPE INDIAN LEGISLATURE