Examine the rise of Napoleon and how his rule was affected by and affected nationalism. What was the significance of Napoleon's rule?

1. Chapter 21: The Age of Napoleon AP European History Magister Ricard

2. Questions to Consider How did the concept of the nation and nationalism affect Napoleon? How did Napoleon rise to power? What is the significance of Napoleon’s rule?

3. The Rise of the Nation-State Chapter 21

4. Nations and Nationalism The American and French revolutions helped to establish the modern concept of the “nation” A group of people bound together by a common political identity Nationalism provides the idea that nations are different from one another 18th century revolutions also show political identity is separated from loyalty to a king

5. The Age of Napoleon Chapter 21

6. The Rise of Napoleon What is so important about Napoleon? Plays a pivotal role in creating a new political order Helps establish a modern world of nation-states Inspired French nationalism while he was alive and long after he had died

7. The Rise of Napoleon Grew up in Corsica Due to revolution, was able to obtain higher rank in military Previously only French nobility could hold high positions 1797: Napoleon defeats Austrian armies in Italy Gains access to Red Sea in Egypt 1799: Overthrows the Directory Names himself consul in coup d’etat

8. The Rise of Napoleon 1801: France defeats Austria Signs Treaty of Luneville 1802: France signs Treaty of Amiens with Britain Napoleon is named consul for life 1804: Returns France to monarchy Crowns himself emperor – Napoleon I

9. Napoleon’s Rule Military victories made him popular Stabilized the country by rolling back radical measures of Reign of Terror (Jacobins) Made religious compromise, recognized preferred religion of Catholicism Pays clergy as employees of the state Centralizes control; reduces National Assembly Creates Napoleonic Code Religious freedom, equal rights for men (but not women)

10. Napoleon’s Rule By 1810 was at war with all major European powers Everywhere he conquered he tried to destroy old orders Decreed equal opportunity and religious toleration In 1812 invades Russia but gets too far from supply lines Russian winter kills off most of his forces Spanish rebels take advantage of his absence

11. Napoleon’s Rule Attempted to destroy England through trade Continental System – forbade England to trade with France and its dependencies British retaliate, take Paris in 1814 and defeat him at Waterloo in 1815 Banished first to Elba, escapes Banished to St. Helena

12. Napoleon’s Legacy As Grand Army conquered, the conquered were in awe Stirred a sense of disgust of French yoke, but also aroused patriotism in opposition to French Congress of Vienna established recognition of the Netherlands, German Confederation, and Switzerland France lost most of its territories Used “encirclement of France” to keep in check Restored French monarchy

13. Napoleon’s Legacy Nationalism sparked by revolution served Napoleon’s ambitions well Raised Grand Army, lots of recruits Also stirred opposition in conquered lands Sparked independence movements in Latin America (against Spain, Portugal)

14. Questions to Consider How did the concept of the nation and nationalism affect Napoleon? How did Napoleon rise to power? What is the significance of Napoleon’s rule?