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Presentation to BC Hydro
1. Supporting Sustainable
Living in the Home
January 8th, 2010
Johnny Rodgers
Dr. Lyn Bartram
Dr. Rob Woodbury
Human Centered Systems for Sustainable Living
2. Introduction
• Master of Science student at SFU’s School of Interactive Arts &
Technology
• My research aims to make the consumption of residential resources
evident to individuals through information visualization in order to
support informed decision-making.
• Approaches
• Information Visualization
• Interaction Design
• Distributed/Ubiquitous Computing
• Informative Art
Human Centered Systems for Sustainable Living
3. First Big Project
• North House
Net-zero solar-powered home that placed 4th overall
in the Solar Decathlon 2009 in Washington D.C.
• ALIS: Adaptive Living Interface System
Integrated control and feedback system
Human Centered Systems for Sustainable Living
4. Publications
• Bartram, L., and Velikov, K. North House: Developing Intelligent Building Technology and User
Interfaces in Energy Independent Domestic Environments. In Proc. of PLEA2009 - 26th
Conference on Passive and Low Energy Architecture, Quebec City, Canada, 22-24 June 2009.
• Bartram, L., Rodgers, J., and Muise, K. Chasing the Negawatt: Visualization for Sustainable
Living. IEEE Computer Graphics & Applications, Spring 2010.
• Rodgers, J., Bartram, L., and Muise, K. ALIS: Designing an interactive ecosystem for sustainable
living. Submitted to CHI 2010 Work-In-Progress.
Other Papers
• Rodgers, J. Motivating residential energy conservation: A literature review of psychological
and technological factors and techniques. Supervised by Dr. Ellen Balka.
• Rodgers, J. Information visualization for grid-tied net-zero energy status awareness.
Supervised by Dr. Lyn Bartram.
Human Centered Systems for Sustainable Living
12. Decision Science
• cognitive biases hinder conservation efforts
• difficult to make choices that require short and medium term sacrifices for long term benefits
• difficulty reacting to risks that are distant in time and space
• “single-action bias” leads to small actions that salve our guilt and limit broader behavioural
change (“never underestimate the human capacity for rationalization”)
• collective discussion leads to better choices for the environment
• elevation of social good over individual benefit
• ordering of choices matters: show benefits before costs
• need to frame messages in order to resonate with particular audiences
• Christian responsibility to “tend and till the garden”
• framing carbon fees as “offsets” rather than “taxes”
Human Centered Systems for Sustainable Living
13. Behavioural Psychology
• antecedent measures (availability of and access to information) not enough
by itself to encourage conservation
• consequences (feedback, carrots + sticks)
• feedback is a good starting point, but again not enough by itself
• disincentives (price increases) work better than incentives (rewards for top savers) in long term
• intrinsic incentives (pleasure of saving) work better than extrinsic incentives (prizes), as
conservation efforts diminish once extrinsic incentives are removed
• social influences (commitments, group efforts, models)
• relationship to decision science and social norms
• combinations of interventions are critical to success in conservation efforts
• feedback + public commitment
• rewards + group challenges
Human Centered Systems for Sustainable Living
14. Research Findings
• Combine different motivational techniques in order to amplify the effects
of each (such as informational feedback, rewards, and social influences)
• Address multiple perspectives on energy conservation by catering to
various motivations and mental models
• Provide multiple methods of access to the same information
• Support in-the-moment, situated decision-making as well as long-term
planning (support both tactics and strategy)
• Define baselines of energy consumption appropriate to individual
circumstances
• Account for the time scale during which a given intervention will need to
remain relevant
Human Centered Systems for Sustainable Living
15. Key Principles
• Need to move from a model of expert management to one of
aware occupancy
• Integrating control and feedback technology into the home
requires new techniques and a sensitivity to the unique
constraints and affordances of a residential setting
• we can’t just import existing techniques wholesale
• we can’t “design for cardboard cutouts”
• Displays on the wall are going to help residents answer some
questions, but not all of them
Human Centered Systems for Sustainable Living
16. Key Insights
• Interventions need to span several dimensions of time, space,
context, attention, and specificity (more on this later)
• Emphasizing community interaction through social
networking encourages energy conservation
• challenges, tips, carpooling information, comparative data
• “Ambient” information can help to create awareness and
inform in-the-moment decisions
• in contrast to the information made available by explicit, task-based tools
Human Centered Systems for Sustainable Living
17. Need for a cohesive approach
• Hesitancy of residents to adopt more work, more information
• More information alone does not solve the problem
• we can’t expect people to check their laptop every time they have a question
• An interactive ecosystem of elements appears to be a promising
approach to increasing awareness in the home
• Numerous issues to be resolved concerning aesthetics, ergonomics,
visibility, appropriate attentional requirements
• Important to clarify control and energy systems that may be unfamiliar to
homeowners through thoughtful design
Human Centered Systems for Sustainable Living
18. Ongoing Research
• Map the dimensions of resource consumption feedback techniques
• Apply the motivational factors for resource conservation to the design of
feedback systems
• Determine guidelines for establishing meaningful resource use baselines
for different individuals and different contexts
• Explore the appropriate uses of read-only and interactive feedback
mechanisms
• Explore the design and implementation of information/visualization
ecosystems to support sustainable decision-making
• How do we know this works? The challenges of field-testing
Human Centered Systems for Sustainable Living
19. Current Project
• West House Living Lab
An energy efficient small footprint laneway
home incorporating solar energy production
and interactive control and feedback systems
(ALIS v2). Currently under construction and
active development.
• Ambient Canvas (version 2)
An informative art display for incorporation
into West House to provide light-based
feedback on various measures of
sustainability. Currently in the design and
prototyping phase.
Human Centered Systems for Sustainable Living
20. Partners, Players & Stakeholders
• Simon Fraser University
• City of Vancouver
• BC Hydro / PowerSmart
• Smallworks • Ray Cole, UBC
• VerTech Solutions • BCIT Green Building Trades
• Embedded Automation • David Suzuki Foundation
• Xantrex
• Day4 Energy • GRAND Network of Centres of
• MSR Innovations Excellence
• Terasen Gas • MITACS
Human Centered Systems for Sustainable Living
21. Contact
Human Centered Systems for Sustainable Living
http://hcssl.iat.sfu.ca
Johnny Rodgers
jgr3@sfu.ca
http://johnny.hcssl.iat.sfu.ca
Lyn Bartram
lyn@sfu.ca
Rob Woodbury
rw@sfu.ca
Human Centered Systems for Sustainable Living