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Lin S.J, Friedrich T., Hansmann B, Kassam A.




Presenter: Shang-Jung, Lin
(MSc Organic Agriculture, Wageningen University)
Date: 29 Sep 2011
Outline

  Introduction
  Purpose
  International Standard for Conservation Agriculture
     General introduction
     Structure
     Example of content
     Application
     Challenges and further development
Introduction
 FAO strategic objective A 2010-2019 :
  sustainable intensification of crop production
   Population Growth
   Higher life expectancy, better nutrition demand
   Pressures on nature resources
   Demand on multiple agricultural outputs


 Agricultural Production
   Comes along with depletion of nature resources
Introduction

                                                Goods


   Food           Feed           Fiber            Fuel


   +                 +             +              +


                                                      Environmental
    -            -                 -              -      Services


  Climate
                 Flood and       Biodiversity   Ground Water
  Change
              Erosion Control   Conservation      Recharge
 Mitigation
Introduction


                                          Free or Public Services
   Income
                               Environmental
   Sources                        Services
               Goods




                balance



             Conservation Agriculture
                  Sustainable Crop
              Intensification via Agro-
                ecological Approches
Purposes
 Promote CA application by providing extended benefits
 to farmers who practice this concept
   Reward farmers with more tangible forms


 Assure the integrity of CA practices by setting up Good
 Agriculture Practices specifically for CA
   Follow three pillars in order to receive the real effects of
    CA farming

 Mitigate the gap between different initiatives regarding
 certification schemes
   Definition of level of tillage and soil cover etc.
International Standard for Conservation Agriculture
 Scope
    Any crop including annual crops and perennial crops grown
     worldwide


 Potential Users
    Farmers
    CA Communities of Practices (CoPs)
    Stewardship owners
    Governments


 Growth Potential
    124 M ha of no-tillage area worldwide currently
    Expanding at the rate of 6 M ha per annum
International Standard for Conservation Agriculture
 Structure of the Standard:




                        Fodder Production



 Major practices
Forward Planning               Precise Operation

Economically Feasible          Reduce Usage of Pesticide
                               and Herbicide
International Standard for Conservation Agriculture
  Structure of the Standard:
      1. Soil Management                 2. Water Management
  - Avoid mechanical soil           - Build up soil organic matter and
  disturbance                       implement soil restoration
  - Avoid soil compaction           - Maximum water infiltration and
  - Maintain soil cover             reduce evaporation losses
  - Avoid soil from contamination   - Impact assessment of water
  with agrochemicals                management


       3. Crop and Fodder                4. Inputs Management
           Production               - Seeds
  - Implement crop rotation         - Agrochemicals
  - Conduct crop protection         - Fertilizer and nutrient management
  - Close Nutrient cycle by         - Energy management
  integrating system
International Standard for Conservation Agriculture
      •Content of the Standard
International Standard for Conservation Agriculture

                   Application of Standard



  To be certified for               To be operated as a
  Stewardship                       policy incentives



  Agricultura Certificada (AC)       National CA Program (India)
- Stewardship for Sustainable Agriculture
 • To Create a Module as “CA Module” following the Standard
 • Farms comply with CA module are equally qualified for getting
 certification
Certification          Target         Mentioning about CA practice
Proliferations

Round Table on         All kinds of   Three pillars of CA are mentioned as methods
Responsible Soy        Soy            of soil erosion control and prevention
Association            production     practices in RTRS standard.


Rain Forest Alliance   Agricultural   Three pillars of CA are described as criteria in
                       products,      climate module comprised in Sustainable
                       forest         Agriculture Standard.


Unilever Sustainable   Agricultural   The principles of CA are covered through the
agriculture            products       content in Crop Growing Guidelines ex: to
                                      keep soil covered, economical viably crop
                                      rotation, minimum tillage
- Payment for Environmental Services

 How CA standard fit in PES scheme?
   Conservation effects of CA should be recognized by PES projects
   Farmers comply with CA standard are rewarded with PES benefits.
 Steps
   Map depiction (Soil, Watershed, Biodiversity, tillage level)
   Define Baseline
   Incorporate with point system or scoring system
 Examples for PES
   Carbon Offsets
       Chicago Climate Exchange (CCX)
       Alberta Offset System (AOS)
   Water Management
       RUPES Project: Eco-friendly land use management
       Itaipu with FEBRAPDP: Eco-friendly farming
- Policy Incentives

 How CA standard fit in policy support scheme
   Governments recognize CA as one of the agri-environmental
    measures
   Point CA faming as one of the desired conditions in rural
    area
 Steps
   Mapping
   Describe desired conditions
   Identify indicators
 Potential for Policy Support
   Low Carbon Emission Agricultural Program (Brazil)
   ECAF
International Standard for Conservation Agriculture

 Challenges
 How the standard be adopted in various local
  condition?
 How the standard well applies to smallholders?
 How to distinguish the level of performance?
 Further Development
 Waste management
 Define Mandatory practices and adjustable practices
 Identify sustainability indicators
 Combine with measurement tools
 Develop scoring system
Acknowledgement


 Delta Foundation (Taiwan )



 Dr. Theodore Freidrich (FAO)
 Dr. Amir Kassam (Reading University)
 Dr. Berthold Hansmann (GIZ)
 Dr. Tom Goddard (Alberta)
 Dr. Ivo Mello (CAAPAS)
 Agronomist Juliana Albertengo (Aapreid)

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A framework for international standard for CA: towards stewardship for sustainable production. S. J. Lin

  • 1. Lin S.J, Friedrich T., Hansmann B, Kassam A. Presenter: Shang-Jung, Lin (MSc Organic Agriculture, Wageningen University) Date: 29 Sep 2011
  • 2. Outline  Introduction  Purpose  International Standard for Conservation Agriculture  General introduction  Structure  Example of content  Application  Challenges and further development
  • 3. Introduction  FAO strategic objective A 2010-2019 : sustainable intensification of crop production  Population Growth  Higher life expectancy, better nutrition demand  Pressures on nature resources  Demand on multiple agricultural outputs  Agricultural Production  Comes along with depletion of nature resources
  • 4. Introduction Goods Food Feed Fiber Fuel + + + + Environmental - - - - Services Climate Flood and Biodiversity Ground Water Change Erosion Control Conservation Recharge Mitigation
  • 5. Introduction Free or Public Services Income Environmental Sources Services Goods balance Conservation Agriculture Sustainable Crop Intensification via Agro- ecological Approches
  • 6. Purposes  Promote CA application by providing extended benefits to farmers who practice this concept  Reward farmers with more tangible forms  Assure the integrity of CA practices by setting up Good Agriculture Practices specifically for CA  Follow three pillars in order to receive the real effects of CA farming  Mitigate the gap between different initiatives regarding certification schemes  Definition of level of tillage and soil cover etc.
  • 7. International Standard for Conservation Agriculture  Scope  Any crop including annual crops and perennial crops grown worldwide  Potential Users  Farmers  CA Communities of Practices (CoPs)  Stewardship owners  Governments  Growth Potential  124 M ha of no-tillage area worldwide currently  Expanding at the rate of 6 M ha per annum
  • 8. International Standard for Conservation Agriculture  Structure of the Standard: Fodder Production  Major practices Forward Planning Precise Operation Economically Feasible Reduce Usage of Pesticide and Herbicide
  • 9. International Standard for Conservation Agriculture Structure of the Standard: 1. Soil Management 2. Water Management - Avoid mechanical soil - Build up soil organic matter and disturbance implement soil restoration - Avoid soil compaction - Maximum water infiltration and - Maintain soil cover reduce evaporation losses - Avoid soil from contamination - Impact assessment of water with agrochemicals management 3. Crop and Fodder 4. Inputs Management Production - Seeds - Implement crop rotation - Agrochemicals - Conduct crop protection - Fertilizer and nutrient management - Close Nutrient cycle by - Energy management integrating system
  • 10. International Standard for Conservation Agriculture •Content of the Standard
  • 11. International Standard for Conservation Agriculture Application of Standard To be certified for To be operated as a Stewardship policy incentives Agricultura Certificada (AC) National CA Program (India)
  • 12. - Stewardship for Sustainable Agriculture • To Create a Module as “CA Module” following the Standard • Farms comply with CA module are equally qualified for getting certification Certification Target Mentioning about CA practice Proliferations Round Table on All kinds of Three pillars of CA are mentioned as methods Responsible Soy Soy of soil erosion control and prevention Association production practices in RTRS standard. Rain Forest Alliance Agricultural Three pillars of CA are described as criteria in products, climate module comprised in Sustainable forest Agriculture Standard. Unilever Sustainable Agricultural The principles of CA are covered through the agriculture products content in Crop Growing Guidelines ex: to keep soil covered, economical viably crop rotation, minimum tillage
  • 13. - Payment for Environmental Services  How CA standard fit in PES scheme?  Conservation effects of CA should be recognized by PES projects  Farmers comply with CA standard are rewarded with PES benefits.  Steps  Map depiction (Soil, Watershed, Biodiversity, tillage level)  Define Baseline  Incorporate with point system or scoring system  Examples for PES  Carbon Offsets  Chicago Climate Exchange (CCX)  Alberta Offset System (AOS)  Water Management  RUPES Project: Eco-friendly land use management  Itaipu with FEBRAPDP: Eco-friendly farming
  • 14. - Policy Incentives  How CA standard fit in policy support scheme  Governments recognize CA as one of the agri-environmental measures  Point CA faming as one of the desired conditions in rural area  Steps  Mapping  Describe desired conditions  Identify indicators  Potential for Policy Support  Low Carbon Emission Agricultural Program (Brazil)  ECAF
  • 15. International Standard for Conservation Agriculture Challenges  How the standard be adopted in various local condition?  How the standard well applies to smallholders?  How to distinguish the level of performance? Further Development  Waste management  Define Mandatory practices and adjustable practices  Identify sustainability indicators  Combine with measurement tools  Develop scoring system
  • 16. Acknowledgement Delta Foundation (Taiwan ) Dr. Theodore Freidrich (FAO) Dr. Amir Kassam (Reading University) Dr. Berthold Hansmann (GIZ) Dr. Tom Goddard (Alberta) Dr. Ivo Mello (CAAPAS) Agronomist Juliana Albertengo (Aapreid)

Hinweis der Redaktion

  1. I am going to present : A Framework for International Standard for Conservation Agriculture: Towards Stewardship for Sustainable Production. This work is one of the outputs of my internship in FAO, together with Dr. Theodore Friedrich and Dr. Amir Kassam, we composed a report of good agriculture practices for conservation agriculture. It is meant to serve two different purposes which will be mentioned in following presentation.
  2. The outline of the presentation are shown in this slide: First, I go for introduction, talking about the background and incentives for the standard, following by the purpose of building up standard. And the big portion of the presentation will be used for international standard for conservation agriculture itself, including introduction, structure, example of the content, application
  3. Sustainable intensification of crop production is the strategic objective of FAO for 2010-2019, because we have to deal with the population growth, higher life expectancy, better nutrition demand, pressures on nature resources, and demand on multiple agriculture outputs. As what happening now, agricultural production comes along with depletion of nature resources. Such as
  4. The capability of mitigating climate change, flood and erosion control. Biodiversity conservation and ground water recharge. The upper boxed are the goods coming out of agriculture production, lower boxes represent the environmental services that get depleted in an unsustainable system.
  5. The reason why we see this unbalanced situation is that agricultural goods are main income source of the farmers, on the other hand, environmental services are often regarded as free or public services. Farmers don’t have much motivation to preserve it while production. If we want to make the situation more balanced, we should pursue agro-ecological approach meaning that deliver biological outputs and environmental services at the same time.
  6. The purpose of building up this standard are : promoting CA , so we hope the application of this standard can provide farmers with more tangible
  7. According to Theo’s presentation the other day, the statistic of worldwide CA land reaches 124 M ha.
  8. The arrangementstructure
  9. In terms of certification system, there is only one in the world exclusively for no-till farmers, called AC. It’s already implemented in Argentina, the updated news is that there r already 70 farms certified. Nevertheless, in policy incentives, we didn’t find any good examples, Indian national (professor?)
  10. RTRS: Though these practices are regarded as voluntary adoption. Unilever: . Not all of them are listed as Must or Mandatory requirement in Unilever Sustainable Agriculture Code
  11. Measurement tools : soil erosion, optimal crop rotation