13. groupthink:
Mode of thinking that happens
when group members try to
minimize conflict and reach a
consensus decision without
critical evaluation of
alternative ideas or
viewpoints.
17. Group vs. Individual Decision Making
groups individuals
accuracy
speed
creativity
degree of
acceptance
efficiency
18. Group vs. Individual Decision Making
groups individuals
accuracy x
speed x
creativity x
degree of
acceptance
x
efficiency x
19. Groups often fail to
outperform individuals
because they prematurely
move to consensus, with
dissenting opinions being
suppressed or dismissed.
-Hackman, Morris (1975) Advances in Experimental Social
Psychology
20. Group vs. Individual Decision Making
groups individuals
accuracy x
speed x
creativity x
degree of
acceptance
x
efficiency x
21. Group intelligence is
not strongly tied to
either the average
intelligence of the
members or the team’s
smartest member.
-Thomas Malone, MIT Center for Collective
Intelligence
22. cognitive diversity
The extent to which the
group reflects differences
in knowledge, including
beliefs, preferences and
perspectives.
-Miller, et al (1998) Strategic Management Journal
24. Solving technical problems
Analyzing complex issues
Logical approach
Interpersonal aspects of situations
Ice breakers
Socializing in meetings
Conceptualizing
Innovating
Seeing the big picture
Routine Meetings
Details
Structure
Expressing ideas
Understanding group dynamics
Team building
Logic ahead of feelings
No interaction with people
Implementing ideas
Developing plans
Follow-up and completion
“Blue Sky” thinking
Not following the rules
Joys
Frustrations
Joys
Frustrations
Joys
Frustrations
Joys
Frustrations
Cerebral Mode (abstract & intellectual thought)
Limbic Mode (concrete and emotional processing)
LeftMode
RightMode
ANALYZE
ORGANIZE
STRATEGIZE
PERSONALIZE
43. low courage high courage
low
consideration
passive
aggressive
aggressive
high
consideration
passive assertive
44. Passive communicators:
• fail to assert themselves
• allow others to deliberately or
inadvertently infringe on their rights
• fail to express their feelings, needs, or
opinions
• tend to speak softly or apologetically
• exhibit poor eye contact and slumped
body posture
45. Aggressive communicators:
• try to dominate others
• use humiliation to control others
• criticize, blame, or attack others
• speak in a loud, demanding, and
overbearing voice
• do not listen well
• interrupt frequently
• use “you” statements
46. Passive-Aggressive
communicators:
• mutter to themselves rather than confront the
person or issue
• have difficulty acknowledging their anger
• use facial expressions that don't match how
they feel - i.e., smiling when angry
• use sarcasm
• appear cooperative while purposely doing
things to annoy and disrupt
• use subtle sabotage to get even
47. Assertive communicators:
• state needs, feelings and wants clearly,
appropriately, and respectfully
• use “I” statements
• listen well without interrupting
• have good eye contact
• speak in a calm and clear tone of voice
• have a relaxed body posture
• do not allow others to abuse or
manipulate them
53. high
difference
low
difference
high
interaction
move to low difference:
Tell a joke.
State a shared value or
belief.
Share personal experience.
Pick a low difference topic.
move to low
interaction:
Stop communicating.
Leave the area.
Explain yourself.
Pick a low
communication topic.
low
interaction
move to high
interaction:
Ask a question.
Use another medium.
Listen more.
Pick a high communication
topic.
move to high
difference:
Amplify little
differences
Play devils advocate
Pick a high difference
topicDifference Matrix
Glenda Eoyang HSDI
54. resources
• The Difference: How the Power of Diversity
Creates Better Groups, Firms, Schools, and
Societies | Scott Page
• The Wisdom of Crowds | James Surowiecki
• A Whole New Mind | Daniel Pink
• The Medici Effect | Frans Johansson
• The Geography of Thought | Richard Nisbett
55. resources
• Achieving Success Through Social
Capital: Tapping Hidden Resources in
Your Personal and Business Network |
Wayne E. Baker
• The Whole Brain Business Book
Ned Herrmann
• Competitive Advantage Through People:
Unleashing the Power of the Work Force |
Jeffrey Pfeffer