1. The Enlightenment era saw the spread of new ideas across Europe through salons, publications like the Encyclopedia, and a growing middle class with free time. 2. In France, the weak King Louis XVI faced economic troubles and resentment of the nobility's special privileges, fueling the French Revolution. 3. The Revolution began with the storming of the Bastille and the Tennis Court Oath to draft a new constitution. Ideas of liberty, equality and fraternity emerged against the backdrop of political divisions.