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Novalis
Hymnen an die Nacht
Novalis
• Verlichting
• Contra-Verlichting
• Novalis
• Hymnen an die Nacht
Novalis
• Verlichting
• Contra-Verlichting
• Novalis
• Hymnen an die Nacht
Wetenschappelijke Revolutie
Heliocentrisme
• Copernicus (1473–1543)
• Galileo (1564–1642)
Zwaartekracht, Klassieke Mechanica
• 1687, Newton’s Principia Mathematica
Natuur wordt een mathematisch verklaarbaar
object
René Descartes (1596-1650)
• 1637, Discourse on the Method
• “Good sense is the most evenly distributed
thing in the world”
• Zelfde methode -> zelfde, heldere, duidelijke
resultaat
Immanuel Kant (1724 – 1804)
• 1784, Antwoord op de vraag: Wat is Verlichting?
Definitie:
• “Verlichting is de uitgang van de mens uit zijn
zelf-toegebrachte onmondigheid”
– Onmondigheid: onvermogen zelf het eigen verstand te
gebruiken
– Zelf toegebracht: gebrek aan moed, niet intelligentie
– Motto: Sapere aude! –Durf je verstand te gebruiken
• Rationalisatie van de moraal en de kunst
Novalis
• Verlichting
• Contra-Verlichting
• Novalis
• Hymnen an die Nacht
Romantiek: contra-verlichting
• Tegenreactie tegen het beperkende
rationalisme van de verlichting
• Extreme emoties, Sturm und Drang
• Esthetisering
• Op zoek naar het mysterieuze, het onbekende
• Denkers: Hegel, Schelling, Herder, Schlegel
• Dichters: Heine, Goethe, Hölderlin, Novalis
Johann Gottfried von Herder (1744-
1803)
• Cultureel Relativisme
– Wereldbeelden van culturen verschillen
fundamenteel
• Historisch relativisme
– Wereldbeelden van tijdperken verschillen
fundamenteel
Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel (1770–
1831)
• 1797, Das älteste Systemprogramm des Deutschen
Idealismus
• “Der Philosoph muß ebensoviel ästhetische Kraft
besitzen als der Dichter”
• “Die Poesie - Lehrerin der Menschheit”
• “Wir müssen eine neue Mythologie haben”
• “die Mythologie muß philosophisch werden, und die
Philosophie muß mythologisch werden”
• “Ein höherer Geist, vom Himmel gesandt, muß diese
neue Religion unter uns stiften, sie wird das letzte
größte Werk der Menschheit sein”
Novalis
• “Die Welt muß romantisiert werden”
Novalis
• Georg Philipp Friedrich Freiherr von Hardenberg
• 1772-1801
• Studeert rechten in Jena
• Ontmoet oa Goethe
• Verloofd met Sophie von Kühn
• 1797, dood van Sophie
• 1800 Hymnen an die Nacht
• 1801, sterft, 28 jaar oud
Romantische context vd Hymnen
• Scheppen van een nieuwe mythologie
• Mengen van religieuze thema’s met wijsgerige
en mythologische
De Nacht
• Emotie
• Dood
• Mythologie
• Liefde (Sophie)
• Religie
• Wijsheid
• Onbereikbaarheid
6 Hymnen
• Ontwikkeling van dag naar nacht
• Hymnen 1 & 2: ‘Realisatie’
• Hymnen 3 & 4: ‘Keuze’
• Hymnen 5 & 6: ‘Voltooiing’
Erste Hymne - ‘Realisatie’
• Welcher
Lebendige, Sinnbegabte
liebt nicht das allerfreuliche
Licht? Seine Gegenwart
allein offenbart die
Wunderherrlichkeit der
Reiche der Welt.
• Abwärts wend ich mich zu
der
heiligen, unaussprechlichen,
geheimnißvollen Nacht.
Wie arm und kindisch dünkt
mir das Licht nun.
• What living, sentient thing
loves not the all-joyous
light? Its presence alone
reveals the marvelous
splendor of the kingdoms of
the world.
• Aside I turn to the
holy, unspeakable, mysterio
us Night. How poor and
childish a thing seems to me
now the Light.
Zweite Hymne - ‘Realisatie’
• Muß immer der Morgen
wiederkommen? Endet nie
des Irdischen Gewalt?
• Must the morning always
return? Will the despotism
of the earthly never cease?
Dritte Hymne - ‘Keuze’
• Einst da ich bittre Thränen
vergoß
• Hin floh die irdische
Herrlichkeit und meine
Trauer mit ihr
• du Nachtbegeisterung,
Schlummer des Himmels
kamst über mich
• Glauben an den Himmel der
Nacht und sein Licht, die
Geliebte
• Once when I was shedding
bitter tears
• Away fled the glory of the
world, and with it my
mourning
• Thou, Night-inspiration,
heavenly Slumber, didst
come upon me
• faith in the heaven of the
Night, and its Light, the
Beloved
Vierte Hymne - ‘Keuze’
• Nun weiß ich, wenn der
letzte Morgen seyn wird -
wenn das Licht nicht mehr
die Nacht und die Liebe
scheucht
• wer sie gekostet - warlich
der kehrt nicht in das
Treiben der Welt zurück, in
das Land, wo das Licht in
ewiger Unruh hauset.
• Now I know when will come
the last morning -- when
the Light no more scares
away Night and Love
• he who has tasted it - truly
he turns not again into the
tumult of the world, into
the land where dwells the
Light in ceaseless unrest.
Fünfte Hymne - ‘Voltooiing’
• Unendlich war die Erde -
der Götter Aufenthalt, und
ihre Heymath
• Einsam und leblos stand die
Natur. Mit eiserner Kette
band sie die dürre Zahl und
das strenge Maaß
• Nicht mehr war das Licht
der Götter Aufenthalt und
himmlisches Zeichen - den
Schleyer der Nacht warfen
sie über sich
• the earth was boundless - the
abode of the gods and their
home
• Nature stood alone and
lifeless. Dry Number and rigid
Measure bound it with iron
chains
• No longer was the Light the
abode of the gods, and the
heavenly token of their
presence - they drew over
themselves the veil of the
Night
Fünfte Hymne - ‘Voltooiing’
• Verder: Het leven van Jezus beschreven
• Daarna: Gehoben ist der Stein
• Christus: belooft het eeuwige leven
• Dood niet meer einde
Sechste Hymne - ‘Voltooiing’
• Verdere lofzang…
Dus… Diepenbrock
Eerste indruk
• Hyper dramatisch, tragiek van de dood enzo
Second thoughts
• Verlossing
• Religie
• Mystiek
Zu Ende

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Novalis, hymnen

  • 2. Novalis • Verlichting • Contra-Verlichting • Novalis • Hymnen an die Nacht
  • 3. Novalis • Verlichting • Contra-Verlichting • Novalis • Hymnen an die Nacht
  • 4. Wetenschappelijke Revolutie Heliocentrisme • Copernicus (1473–1543) • Galileo (1564–1642) Zwaartekracht, Klassieke Mechanica • 1687, Newton’s Principia Mathematica Natuur wordt een mathematisch verklaarbaar object
  • 5. René Descartes (1596-1650) • 1637, Discourse on the Method • “Good sense is the most evenly distributed thing in the world” • Zelfde methode -> zelfde, heldere, duidelijke resultaat
  • 6. Immanuel Kant (1724 – 1804) • 1784, Antwoord op de vraag: Wat is Verlichting? Definitie: • “Verlichting is de uitgang van de mens uit zijn zelf-toegebrachte onmondigheid” – Onmondigheid: onvermogen zelf het eigen verstand te gebruiken – Zelf toegebracht: gebrek aan moed, niet intelligentie – Motto: Sapere aude! –Durf je verstand te gebruiken • Rationalisatie van de moraal en de kunst
  • 7. Novalis • Verlichting • Contra-Verlichting • Novalis • Hymnen an die Nacht
  • 8. Romantiek: contra-verlichting • Tegenreactie tegen het beperkende rationalisme van de verlichting • Extreme emoties, Sturm und Drang • Esthetisering • Op zoek naar het mysterieuze, het onbekende • Denkers: Hegel, Schelling, Herder, Schlegel • Dichters: Heine, Goethe, Hölderlin, Novalis
  • 9. Johann Gottfried von Herder (1744- 1803) • Cultureel Relativisme – Wereldbeelden van culturen verschillen fundamenteel • Historisch relativisme – Wereldbeelden van tijdperken verschillen fundamenteel
  • 10. Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel (1770– 1831) • 1797, Das älteste Systemprogramm des Deutschen Idealismus • “Der Philosoph muß ebensoviel ästhetische Kraft besitzen als der Dichter” • “Die Poesie - Lehrerin der Menschheit” • “Wir müssen eine neue Mythologie haben” • “die Mythologie muß philosophisch werden, und die Philosophie muß mythologisch werden” • “Ein höherer Geist, vom Himmel gesandt, muß diese neue Religion unter uns stiften, sie wird das letzte größte Werk der Menschheit sein”
  • 11. Novalis • “Die Welt muß romantisiert werden”
  • 12. Novalis • Georg Philipp Friedrich Freiherr von Hardenberg • 1772-1801 • Studeert rechten in Jena • Ontmoet oa Goethe • Verloofd met Sophie von Kühn • 1797, dood van Sophie • 1800 Hymnen an die Nacht • 1801, sterft, 28 jaar oud
  • 13. Romantische context vd Hymnen • Scheppen van een nieuwe mythologie • Mengen van religieuze thema’s met wijsgerige en mythologische
  • 14. De Nacht • Emotie • Dood • Mythologie • Liefde (Sophie) • Religie • Wijsheid • Onbereikbaarheid
  • 15. 6 Hymnen • Ontwikkeling van dag naar nacht • Hymnen 1 & 2: ‘Realisatie’ • Hymnen 3 & 4: ‘Keuze’ • Hymnen 5 & 6: ‘Voltooiing’
  • 16. Erste Hymne - ‘Realisatie’ • Welcher Lebendige, Sinnbegabte liebt nicht das allerfreuliche Licht? Seine Gegenwart allein offenbart die Wunderherrlichkeit der Reiche der Welt. • Abwärts wend ich mich zu der heiligen, unaussprechlichen, geheimnißvollen Nacht. Wie arm und kindisch dünkt mir das Licht nun. • What living, sentient thing loves not the all-joyous light? Its presence alone reveals the marvelous splendor of the kingdoms of the world. • Aside I turn to the holy, unspeakable, mysterio us Night. How poor and childish a thing seems to me now the Light.
  • 17. Zweite Hymne - ‘Realisatie’ • Muß immer der Morgen wiederkommen? Endet nie des Irdischen Gewalt? • Must the morning always return? Will the despotism of the earthly never cease?
  • 18. Dritte Hymne - ‘Keuze’ • Einst da ich bittre Thränen vergoß • Hin floh die irdische Herrlichkeit und meine Trauer mit ihr • du Nachtbegeisterung, Schlummer des Himmels kamst über mich • Glauben an den Himmel der Nacht und sein Licht, die Geliebte • Once when I was shedding bitter tears • Away fled the glory of the world, and with it my mourning • Thou, Night-inspiration, heavenly Slumber, didst come upon me • faith in the heaven of the Night, and its Light, the Beloved
  • 19. Vierte Hymne - ‘Keuze’ • Nun weiß ich, wenn der letzte Morgen seyn wird - wenn das Licht nicht mehr die Nacht und die Liebe scheucht • wer sie gekostet - warlich der kehrt nicht in das Treiben der Welt zurück, in das Land, wo das Licht in ewiger Unruh hauset. • Now I know when will come the last morning -- when the Light no more scares away Night and Love • he who has tasted it - truly he turns not again into the tumult of the world, into the land where dwells the Light in ceaseless unrest.
  • 20. Fünfte Hymne - ‘Voltooiing’ • Unendlich war die Erde - der Götter Aufenthalt, und ihre Heymath • Einsam und leblos stand die Natur. Mit eiserner Kette band sie die dürre Zahl und das strenge Maaß • Nicht mehr war das Licht der Götter Aufenthalt und himmlisches Zeichen - den Schleyer der Nacht warfen sie über sich • the earth was boundless - the abode of the gods and their home • Nature stood alone and lifeless. Dry Number and rigid Measure bound it with iron chains • No longer was the Light the abode of the gods, and the heavenly token of their presence - they drew over themselves the veil of the Night
  • 21. Fünfte Hymne - ‘Voltooiing’ • Verder: Het leven van Jezus beschreven • Daarna: Gehoben ist der Stein • Christus: belooft het eeuwige leven • Dood niet meer einde
  • 22. Sechste Hymne - ‘Voltooiing’ • Verdere lofzang…
  • 23. Dus… Diepenbrock Eerste indruk • Hyper dramatisch, tragiek van de dood enzo Second thoughts • Verlossing • Religie • Mystiek