4. The Design Process. 1)Identify the need or problem2)Research the need or problem Examine current state of the issue and current solutions Explore other options via the internet, library, interviews, etc. 3)Develop possible solution(s) Brainstorm possible solutions Draw on mathematics and science Articulate the possible solutions in two and three dimensions Refine the possible solutions 4)Select the best possible solution(s) Determine which solution(s) best meet(s) the original requirements 5)Construct a prototype Model the selected solution(s) in two and three dimensions 6)Test and evaluate the solution(s) does it work? does it meet the original design constraints? 7)Communicate the solution(s) Make an engineering presentation that includes a discussion of how the solution(s) best meet(s) the needs of the initial problem, opportunity, or need Discuss societal impact and tradeoffs of the solution(s) 8)Redesign Overhaul the solution(s) based on information gathered during the tests and presentation
6. 4C Approach The following structure is the backbone of all material used for LEGO Education products. • Connect • Construct • Contemplate • Continue One of the key aspects of learning by making is the fact that children learn best when they can either relate new experiences to their existing "knowledge bank" or are exposed to an idea so compelling that it inspires them to learn more about it. This is what could be called the Connect phase. The Construct phase is all about constructing things in the real world and piecing knowledge together in the mind. Students plan, program software or build solutions to solve given tasks. An important phase in an effective learning process is the Contemplate phase, which involves students taking time to think about what they have seen or constructed, thus deepening their understanding of what they experience. They discuss the project, reflect and adapt their idea, and the teacher encourages this process by asking questions. The Continue phase builds on the natural urge to want to know more. Doing so will lead students to a new Connect phase, thus allowing them to enter a positive learning spiral, where they overcome increasingly difficult challenges. .
7. Situation – Connect Phase You have been selected as a team member in the Gold Coast Robotic Relay Race. You must form a team of 2 to 3 people and set up and program a prebuilt LEGO NXT robot to run one stage of the 12 stage Relay race. Your team will be given a stage in the race and you must liaise with the teams on either side of your robot to work out the starting and triggering method of each robot. Once your robot is triggered it must travel exactly 100cm (use the rotation sensor in the motors) to trigger the next robot in the Relay Race.
8. Relay Race Layout Team 3 Ultrasonic Sensor Team 2 Touch Sensor Team 1 Light Sensor Team 4 Light Sensor With Pin Balloon START Team 5 Sound Sensor Team 6 Ultrasonic Sensor Team 7 Light Sensor Team 8 Touch Sensor Balloon Team 9 Ultrasonic Sensor facing team 8 Team 11 Light Sensor With Pin. Team 12 Sound Sensor Team 10 Touch Sensor END
30. Overview Common Palette . Action Palette. Sensor Palette Flow Palette View NXT Information Window Data Palette Advanced Palette Download Program to NXT Click on Complete Palette
36. The Move Block Direction: Forward/Backward, Stop or Steering direction. Duration: Unlimited, Seconds, Degrees or Rotations Power Level
37. Move Block Options Motors A,B and C – Forward- Power Level 75 – For 1 Rotation of the Wheel – Stop After Duration Motors A and C – Forward- Power Level 75 – For 360 degrees of wheel turn – Stop After Duration
38. Motors A and C – Steering to the left- Power Level 75 – Unlimited Duration Motors A and C – Steering to the left- Power Level 75 – Duration for 1 second Move Block Options
57. Light Sensor Readings. Calibrating the Robot – Recording the Colour Light Sensor Readings Use Side Menu Buttons and scroll across until ‘Reflected Light’ is shown. Press Orange Button to Select
58. Light Sensor Readings. Calibrating the Robot – Recording the Colour Light Sensor Readings This number shows the percentage of light Reflected back. Use Side Menu Buttons and scroll across until the Port your Sensor is plugged into is shown. Press Orange Button to Select
60. Thinking about the information you know and the information needed. What are the main features that your solution must have? What engineering principles or software features do you think your solution will need?
61. Thinking about imagination and creativity. Sketch and label an existing design that could solve the problem. Modify the design by using some of the engineering principles or software features researched in the Connect phase. Is there a ‘new’ approach to the problem that you can think of? Sketch and label your solution.
62. Thinking about what is needed and planning. List the important design features that your solution has. What the steps that you are going to take to design, construction and test the solution? What individual tasks are the team members going to do?
63. Thinking about emotions, feelings and hunches. Were you pleased how the design process went? What parts of the process did you like ? Do you like the way the solution looks? How did your team work together? Did you have any ideas how the model would perform before you tested it?
64. Thinking about benefits and values. What was good about your solution? How does the solution accomplish the challenge? Discuss your views with your partner or class members.
65. Thinking about the difficulties and problems associated with a topic. What was wrong your design? What difficulties did you have? Discuss your views with your partner or class members.
66. Thinking about what is needed next. What have you learnt through this activity? What parts of the solution could you add too or change to improve it? What are the new features that your modified solution must have? What new engineering principles or software elements do you think your modified solution will need?
