basic crud django

1. Django 1.2.3 on python 2.7 and mysql
Making Simple Blog
By ivan sugiarto
ivan@wirekom.co.id

2. Setting up Django
 Go to directory on where your project will be created
 Write command (on shell or command prompt) django-
admin.py startproject testsite, this will create
folder containing the project and files that are needed to make
project and don’t forget to make admin account
 Issue command python manage.py runserver on
testsite folder to test the Django installation
 Set up your database in settings.py located in
testsite folder
 Issue python manage.py syncdb to test your
configuration

3. Creating An Application/Module
 We will create blog module
 Go to testsite directory and type command python manage.py startapp blog
 Go to blog folder and open model.py
 Write from django.db import models and from
django.contrib.auth.models import User on top
 Write
class Post(models.Model):
author = models.ForeignKey(User)
date = models.DateTimeField()
title = models.CharField(max_length=100)
post = models.TextField()
#making the list title so python not displaying raw data
def __str__(self):
return self.title
 Edit settings.py and add test testsite.blog in the INSTALLED_APPS section
 Run command python manage.py syncdb to update database

4. Make Admin Page
 Open settings.py and add django.contrib.admin
 type the command python manage.py syncdb
 Edit urls.py to enable admin, add
from django.contrib import admin
admin.autodiscover()
urlpatterns = patterns('',
(r'^admin/', include(admin.site.urls)),
)
 Issue the command python manage.py runserver and check
http://127.0.0.1:8000/admin to ensure your admin is working, if
you are asked for login then you are on the right path

5. Make admin page for blog
 Create admin.py on blog directory and write
from django.contrib import admin
from testsite.blog.models import Post
class PostAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
#makin order by
date_hierarchy = 'date‘
#making list display field
list_display = ('author', 'date', 'title')
#making search on the top corner
search_fields = ('title', 'post')
#making filter on the right corner
list_filter = ('author', 'date')
#register on the admin page
admin.site.register(Post, PostAdmin)
 Run server (python manage.py runserver) and go to
http://127.0.0.1:8000/admin/blog/post/

6. Admin preview

7. Urls.py
 Settings on root urls.py (my best practice though :D)
(r'^blog/', include('testsite.blog.urls')),
 Blog is the root, and it will include urls.py in the blog folder
 Urls.py in blog folder will contain this for example
#(http://127.0.0.1:8000/blog/detail/post_id(integer)/whatever',
(function name in view.py)), will be coded as follows
(r'^detail/(?P<post_id>d+)/$', detail),

8. Templating
 Create directory on test site called template and edit
settings.py
 Add this following
TEMPLATE_DIRS = (
‘path_to_your_development_folder/testsite/templates’,
)
 On blog/views.py add this following
from django.template.loader import get_template
from django.template import Context, loader
from django.shortcuts import render_to_response, get_object_or_404
def detail(request, post_id):
p = get_object_or_404(Post, pk=post_id)
return render_to_response('blog/detail.html', {'post': p},
context_instance=RequestContext(request))
 Create detail.html in template/blog/ (continued)

9. Create detail.html
 Type this
<h2>{{ post }}</h2>
<p>{{ post.post }}</p>
<b>{{ post.author }}</b> wrote {{ post.post|wordcount
}} words on {{ post.date|date }} at {{ post.date|time
}}
<ul>
<li><a href='/blog/update/{{ post.id }}'>
edit</a></li>
<li><a href='/blog/delete/{{ post.id }}'>
delete</a></li>
</ul>
 Cek link
http://127.0.0.1:8000/blog/detail/<your_post_id>

10. Pagination (1)
 Use admin interface to make posts
 Create template in template/blog/list.html
 Add url pattern in blog/url.py so it became like this
from django.conf.urls.defaults import *
from testsite.blog.models import Post
from testsite.blog.views import *
urlpatterns = patterns('django.views.generic.date_based',
(r'^add', add_blog
),
(r'^list/(?P<page>d+)/$', list),
(r'^detail/(?P<post_id>d+)/$', detail),
)

11. Pagination(2)
 To add pagination, edit blog/views.py, first add the following lines
from django.core.paginator import Paginator
 Next make the list function like this
def list(request, page = 1):
page = int(page)
post_list = Paginator(Post.objects.all(), 5, allow_empty_first_page=True)
post_page = post_list.page(page)
num = post_page.start_index()
count = post_page.end_index()
has_previous = post_page.has_previous()
has_next = post_page.has_next()
return render_to_response(
'blog/list.html',
{
'post_list': post_page.object_list,
'has_previous': has_previous,
'previous_page': page - 1,
'has_next': has_next,
'next_page': page + 1,
'page' : page,
'num' : num,
'count' : count
}
)

12. Pagination (3) create the template
 Create In template/blog/list.html, and write the following
{% if post_list %}
{{ page }}
{{ num }}
{{ count }}
<a href='/blog/add/'> add </a>
<ul>
{% for post in post_list %}
<li><a href='/blog/detail/{{ post.id }}'>
{{post.title}}</a></li>
{% endfor %}
</ul>
{% if has_previous %}
<a href='/blog/list/{{ previous_page }}'>Previous</a>
{% if has_next %} | {% endif %}
{% endif %}
{% if has_next %}
<a href='/blog/list/{{ next_page }}'>Next</a>
{% endif %}
{% else %}
<p>No links found.</p>
{% endif %}

13. Check blog/urls.py
 Before continuing, please make sure that the urls.py looks like this
from django.conf.urls.defaults import *
from testsite.blog.models import Post
from testsite.blog.views import *
urlpatterns = patterns('',
(r'^add', add_blog
),
(r'^list/(?P<page>d+)/$', list),
(r'^detail/(?P<post_id>d+)/$', detail),
(r'^update/(?P<post_id>d+)/$', update),
(r'^delete/(?P<post_id>d+)/$', delete)
)

14. Creating Form Create (1) The Model
 In blog/model.py add this
#top
from django.forms import ModelForm
#under class post
class PostForm(ModelForm):
class Meta:
model = Post
#the fields on the form, you can add fields, but must
corespond with field in Post
fields = ('title', 'post')

15. Creating Form Create (2) The View Top
 Add this lines
#top
from django.http import HttpResponse,
HttpResponseRedirect
from django.shortcuts import render_to_response,
get_object_or_404
from django.template.loader import get_template
from django.template import Context, loader,
RequestContext
from testsite.blog.models import *
from django.contrib.auth.models import User
from datetime import datetime
from django.views.decorators.csrf import
csrf_protect
from django.core.paginator import Paginator

16. Creating Form Create (2) The View Bottom
#bottom
def add_blog(request):
form = PostForm()
if request.method == 'POST':
form = PostForm(request.POST)
if form.is_valid():
form = PostForm(request.POST)
blog = form.save(commit=False)
blog.author = User.objects.get(id = request.user.id)
blog.date = datetime.now()
blog.save()
return HttpResponseRedirect("/blog/list/1")
else:
return render_to_response('blog/add_blog.html', {'error': True,
'form': form})
else:
return render_to_response('blog/add_blog.html', {'error': True,
'form': form})

17. Creating Form Create (3) The Template
<html>
<head>
<title>blog</title>
</head>
<body>
{% if error %}
<p style="color: red;">Please submit a blog.</p>
{% endif %}
{% csrf_token %}
<form action="" method="post">
<table>
{{ form.as_table }}
</table>
<input type="submit" value ="submit">
</form>
</body>
</html>

18. Creating Form Update (1) The View
 Add this code
def update(request, post_id):
post = Post.objects.get(pk=post_id)
if request.method == 'POST':
form = PostForm(request.POST, instance=post)
if form.is_valid():
form.save()
return HttpResponseRedirect("/blog/list/1")
else:
return render_to_response('blog/add_blog.html',
{'error': True, 'form': form})
else:
form = PostForm(instance=post)
return render_to_response('blog/add_blog.html',
{'error': True, 'form': form})

19. Creating Form Update (2) The Template
<html>
<head>
<title>blog</title>
</head>
<body>
{% if error %}
<p style="color: red;">Please submit a blog.</p>
{% endif %}
{% csrf_token %}
<form action="" method="post">
<table>
{{ form.as_table }}
</table>
<input type="submit" value ="submit">
</form>
</body>
</html>

20. Creating Form Delete (1) The View
def delete(request, post_id):
p = Post.objects.get(pk=post_id)
p.delete()
return HttpResponseRedirect("/blog/list/1")

21. Misc
 You can grab the files in
http://wirekom.co.id/uploads/testsite.zip