1. Lady Gaga is one of the most inspirational artists in terms of
pop culture and post modernism, as her music videos are
typically narrative based and feature huge amounts of
intertextuality from incredibly famous and iconic scenes in films
and music videos. Both Paparazzi and Telephone were directed
by Jonas Akerlund, he is an auteur and has developed his own
distinctive visual style which can be clearly seen in both
videos.

2. PAPARAZZI
The video uses generic
conventions of Hollywood
Films, a pastiche or homage
to the iconic film period, with
the use of classical titles,
which isn't typically used in
the music industry and within
music videos. (A similar
method of adding titles is used
in Telephone, starting to
recognise Akerlunds style?)

3. There are also intertextual references to Sunset Boulevard, both in
narrative and in style, a fading star desperate to be back in the
limelight and after murdering her "lover" is thrown back in to
the newspapers.

4. But the overall narrative is also very
Chicago, stylistic choices reference
the scene in which Roxie Hart is
taken to prison after murdering her
lover and which causes her fame to
escalate. This is shown through lens
shots, notice how the artists and
Roxie Hart both stand in similar
positions.

5. The video also makes homage to Hitchcock
and his film "Vertigo", there is also the use
of the icy blonde female lead who was
typically always used within Hitchcock's
films, also known as the "Femme Fatale"
who buggers up the heroes plan. Lady
Gaga's video also blurs fiction and reality
with the use of lens shots, as if photos are
being taken of the two characters.

6. TELEPHONE Telephone imitates the
stylistic features of Quentin
Tarantino, and features
intertextual references from
both Pulp Fiction and Kill Bill.
Telephone makes homage to
both films.
'Telephone' uses a similar bold
popping text to the Tarantino
Font used in Pulp Fiction,
with popping yellow and red
colours, adopting a retro(ish)
style.

7. 'Telephone' also makes intertextual references to the
characters in both films, Lady Gaga refers to
Beyoncé as "Honey Bee" similar to the character in
Pulp Fiction "Honey Bunny", although this may
seem coincidental, a scene in a cafe shows Beyoncé
sitting opposite another male character, the
framing and scene is very similar to the opening
scene in Pulp Fiction where "Honey Bunny" and
"Pumpkin" discuss robbing the cafe. There are also
intertextual references to the character of Ele Driver
in Kill Bill, as Lady Gaga takes on her role, in the
scene where Ele Driver dresses in a Nurse outfit in
order to kill the Bride. Lady Gaga wears a
similar outfit, however at the height of
postmodernism uses a telephone as an eye patch,
she also takes on a similar persona, by poisoning
the cafe customers.....very Ele Driver.

8. There is also an intertextual reference to the "Pussy Wagon"
used in Kill Bill, this is also a reference to the sexuality in the
music video but also a reference to the truck driven by the
Bride in Tarantinos Kill Bill film.

9. 'Telephone' also makes intertextual references to Lady Gaga's own music videos, audiences have
speculated that 'Telephone' is a continuation of 'Paparazzi', as we see the album cover image for
'Paparazzi' used as Lady Gaga's "Wanted" picture on the TV screen. There were also pop
culture references to Disneys Mickey Mouse when Lady Gaga wears a pair of glasses, these
same glasses are seen worn by Beyonce in 'Telephone'. Lady Gaga has successfully branded
herself so that intertextual references from her own works can be seen within others.