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 An Application of THEOS Data for the
   Encroachment of Agriculture on
   Forest Reserve in the Phu Luang
   Wildlife Sanctuary, Loei Province
       Rasamee Suwanwerakamtorn
 Regional Centre for Geo-Informatics and Sp
              ace Technology,
  Northeast Thailand, Khon Kaen University
Topics



   1.          Background

   2.          Objective


   3.         Description of the Study Area


   4.          Data sources


   5.         Methodology

   6.         Result and Discussions

Regional Centre for Geo-Informatics and Space Technology, Khon Kaen University, Northeast Thailand
Background


Although the controlling and preventive measures
are enforced rigidly to minimize the encroachment
on forest reserves in Phu Luang wildlife sanctuary
(PWLS) which is one of a form of maintaining forest
area for wildlife habitat.
The forest area is still continuously encroached
upon due to a population around wildlife sanctuary
increase.



      Regional Centre for Geo-Informatics and Space Technology, Khon Kaen University, Northeast Thailand
Background


To enhance the efficiency of the protection,
regeneration and utilization of forest resources, the
information about the change is still needed.
These include an inventory periodical monitoring
and the causes of changes.
With the advent of high resolution satellite data,
the updated and multi-temporal information to detect
the changes can be obtained.



      Regional Centre for Geo-Informatics and Space Technology, Khon Kaen University, Northeast Thailand
Objective


The purpose of this study is
to monitor the change for the
encroachment of agriculture on forest
reserve with the use of multi - temporal
satellite data.



        Regional Centre for Geo-Informatics and Space Technology, Northeast Thailand
Description of the Study Area

                       The study area is
                       Phu Luang Wildlife
                       Sanctuary and two
                       kilometers buffer
                       zone.
                       Its coverage area is
                       about 1,313 square
                       kilometers.
                       It is located in
           Regional Centre for Geo-Informatics and Space Technology, Northeast Thailand
Description of the Study Area


                                              The main forest are
                                              evergreen and
                                              deciduous forests.
                                              The mean annual
                                              rainfall of the area is
                                              about 1,200 – 1,400
                                              mm.




  Regional Centre for Geo-Informatics and Space Technology, Northeast Thailand
Data sources

 LS_1997             LS_2001
                                                1. 3 Multi-temporal Landsat data
                                                acquired in 1997, 2001, 2005 and
                                                THEOS data acquired in 2010
                                                which corresponded to the dry
                                                season.
                                                2.Topographic maps of the Royal
                                                Thai Survey Department at the
LS_2005             TH_2010                     scale 1:50,000 which were used for
                                                geo-referencing and supplement
                                                information.
                                                 3. Land use map in 1998 and 2005
                                                from Regional Centre for Geo-
                                                Informatic, Northeast Thailand



           Regional Centre for Geo-Informatics and Space Technology, Northeast Thailand
Methodology

 LS_1997             LS_2001                  1.     Pre-Processing
                                                       The three TM scene was
                                                     georeferenced using the
                                                     ground control points selected
                                                     from the topographic map and
                                                     a nearest neighbor
                                                     interpolation algorithm was
                                                     performed.
                                                        We used a color composite
LS_2005             TH_2010
                                                     image of the 2 scene which
                                                     three bands which are 4-5-3
                                                     (RGB). The result image allow
                                                     us to distinguish the areas with
                                                     different land use patterns.



           Regional Centre for Geo-Informatics and Space Technology, Northeast Thailand
Methodology
LS 1998         LS 2001        LS 2005          TH 2010


                                                              2. Visual interpretation
                                                                      Landuse type is
                                                                    classified based on
                                                                    color, texture and
                                                                    pattern of the imagery.

Landuse 1998   Landuse 2001   Landuse 2005     Landuse 2010




                          Regional Centre for Geo-Informatics and Space Technology, Northeast Thailand
Methodology

              3. Post Classification
                     Field survey was
                     carried out for
                     increasing a map
                     accuracy.
Field survey
Methodology
Field survey
Methodology
Field survey
Methodology
Methodology


                            Image Enhancement


                            Visual interpretation


                             Post Classification

      Field Survey
                                 Revised data
Land use 1997 from
LANDSAT TM
                            Assessment accuracy                    Land use 2005 from
Land use 2001 from                                                 LANDSAT TM
LANDSAT TM
                                                                   Land use 2010 from
                                                                   THEOS
                         The encroachment of agriculture
                              on forest reserve map



Regional Centre for Geo-Informatics and Space Technology, Northeast Thailand
Methodology

4. Encroachment of Agriculture on Forest Reserve Analysis




   Landuse 1998         Landuse 2001                       Landuse 2005                    Landuse 2010




                  Regional Centre for Geo-Informatics and Space Technology, Northeast Thailand
Result and Discussions

Landuse 1998                         Landuse 2001
                                                                      Landuse in PLWS and its buffer




 Landuse 2005                        Landuse 2010




                Regional Centre for Geo-Informatics and Space Technology, Northeast Thailand
Result and Discussions

The result showed that the forest had depleted
gradually 15.28 square kilometers from 497.15
square kilometers in 1997 to 481.87 square
kilometers in 2010.
The agriculture have increased 27.93 square
kilometers from 301.93 square kilometers in 1997 to
323.01 square kilometers in 2010.




Landuse 1998   Landuse 2001   Landuse 2005   Landuse 2010
Result and Discussions

Landuse in the Wildlife Sanctuary and its 2 km buffer 1998                       Landuse in the Wildlife Sanctuary and its 2 km buffer 2001

                                                           Area of Landuse in                                                               Area of Landuse in
                Area of Landuse in   Area of Landuse out                                         Area of Landuse in   Area of Landuse out
   Landuse                                                 Wildlife Sanctuary                                                               Wildlife Sanctuary
                Wildlife Sanctuary    Wildlife Sanctuary                            Landuse      Wildlife Sanctuary    Wildlife Sanctuary
                                                              and its buffer                                                                   and its buffer

                  Area     Percent     Area     Percenta     Area     Percenta                    Area     Percent      Area     Percenta     Area     Percent
                (sq.km.)    age      (sq.km.)      ge      (sq.km.)      ge                     (sq.km.)    age       (sq.km.)      ge      (sq.km.)    age

Hill                                                                             Hill
evergreen       254.       28.3                            260.       257.       evergreen      247.5                                 251.4
forest           66          9       2.86       0.71        60         52        forest            6  27.60 3.88                 0.96   4 19.35
Pine Forest     6.65       0.74      0.00       0.00       6.65       6.65       Pine Forest     7.26 0.81 0.03                  0.01 7.29 0.56
Dry or semi-                                                                     Dry or
evergreen       186.       20.8                            190.       188.       semi-
forest           82         3        1.64       0.41        71         46        evergreen      186.9                                 188.4
Mixed                                                                            forest           0 20.84 1.50                   0.37   0   14.50
deciduous       28.1                                       34.4       34.0       Mixed
forest           3         3.14      5.87       1.46        1          0         deciduous
Dry                                                                              forest         27.76 3.09            6.14       1.52 33.90 2.61
diptercarp      20.8                 14.6                  35.9       35.5       Dry
forest           9         2.33       7         3.64        9          6         diptercarp
Bamboo          10.0                                       12.3       12.1       forest         18.37 2.05 14.68 3.64 33.05 2.54
forest           4         1.12      2.14       0.53        3          8         Bamboo
Forest          72.3                 11.5                  84.8       83.8       forest         11.48 1.28            2.36       0.59 13.84 1.06
plantation                                                                       Forest
                 4         8.07       1         2.86        5          5         plantation     61.73 6.88 12.31 3.06 74.04 5.70
Grass land      11.1                                       11.3       11.2       Grass land     12.87 1.43 0.09 0.02 12.96 1.00
                 4         1.24      0.06       0.01        3
                                                            Rock out   0
Rock out                                                    crop          2.21 0.25 0.01 0.00 2.22 0.17
crop            2.21       0.25 0.01 0.00 2.25 2.22         Agricultural 318.2          354.6          672.8
Agricultural    301.       33.6 357. 88.7 Geo-Informatics and Space Technology, Northeast Thailand
                             Regional Centre for 667. 659.  land
land                                                                        0 35.48        2     88.05   2   51.77
Result and Discussions
  Landuse in the Wildlife Sanctuary and its 2 km buffer 2005                               Landuse in the Wildlife Sanctuary and its 2 km buffer 2010
Landuse                                  Area of Landuse     Area of Landuse in                                                                  Area of Landuse in
                   Area of Landuse in                                                               Area of Landuse      Area of Landuse
                                                out          Wildlife Sanctuary                                                               Wildlife Sanctuary and its
                   Wildlife Sanctuary                                                                           in                   out
                                        Wildlife Sanctuary     and its buffer                                                                               buffer
                                                                                                    Wildlife Sanctuary   Wildlife Sanctuary
                     Area                 Area                 Area
                                 %                    %                     %        Landuse          Area                Area                    Area
                   (sq.km.)             (sq.km)              (sq.km)                                              %                    %                          %
                                                                                                     (sq.k)              (sq.k)                 (sq.km.)
Hill evergreen     246.         27.                 1.5      250.1        19.     Hill evergreen     243.
forest              16          44      4.01         8         7          22            forest                9 27.1
Pine Forest                                                                                                   1      9   4.63        1.15      248.54          19.12
                               0.8                  0.0                   0.5
                   7.22         0       0.04         3       7.26          6      Pine Forest        7.52       0.84     0.03        0.01        7.55           0.58
Dry or semi-                                                                       Dry or semi-     185.
evergreen          186.         20.                 0.8      187.8        14.          evergree               7 20.7
forest              12          75      1.74         8         6          43            n forest              8      1 1.47         0.36      187.25           14.41
Mixed                                                                             Mixed
deciduous          27.7        3.1                  1.4                   2.5         deciduou       27.1
forest              9           0       5.68         4       33.47         7          s forest                7 3.03     5.33        1.32       32.50           2.50
Dry diptercarp     17.6        1.9      13.3        3.2                   2.3     Dry diptercarp     17.4
forest                                                                                 forest                 9 1.95     12.89       3.20       30.38           2.34
                    5           7        7           7       31.02         8
                                                                                  Bamboo             12.5
Bamboo             11.8        1.3                  0.6                   1.0         forest                  1 1.39     1.85        0.46       14.36           1.10
forest              0           1       2.46         2       14.26         9
                                                                                  Forest
Forest             59.2        6.6                  2.8                   5.4          plantatio     53.8
plantation          3           0       9.33         8       68.56         2           n                      1 6.00     11.05       2.74       64.86           4.99
Grass land         13.1        1.4                  0.0                   1.0     Grass land         13.8
                                                                                                              2 1.54     0.10        0.02       13.92           1.07
                    4           6       0.10         6       13.24         2
                                                                                  Rock out crop      2.22       0.25     0.01        0.00        2.23           0.17
Rock out crop                  0.2                  0.0                   0.1
Result and Discussions

               Table 3 Landuse in The PLWS. 1998 and 2001 and its changes

     Landuse                   Landuse change in The PLWS                   Landuse change out The PLWS
                         Area (sq.km.)               change            Area (sq.km.)              change
                                               Area                                         Area
                                                        Percentage                                   Percentage
                                             (sq.km.)                                     (sq.km.)
Hill evergreen
forest               254.66     247.56        -7.1        -0.79       2.86     3.88        0.62        0.15
Pine Forest           6.65       7.26         0.61        0.07        0.00     0.03        -0.01       -0.07
Dry or semi-
evergreen forest     186.82     186.90        0.08            0.01    1.64     1.50        -0.27       -0.07
Mixed deciduous
forest                28.13      27.76       -0.37        -0.04       5.87     6.14        -0.35       -0.09
Dry diptercarp
forest                20.89      18.37        -2.52       -0.28      14.67     14.68       -0.48       -0.12
Bamboo forest         10.04      11.48        1.44        0.16        2.14     2.36        -0.61       -0.15
Forest plantation     72.34      61.73       -10.61       -1.18      11.51    12.31         1.72       0.43
Grass land            11.14      12.87         1.73       0.19        0.06     0.09        0.00        0.00
Rock out crop          2.21       2.21           0        0.00        0.01     0.01        0.00        0.00
Agricultural land    301.93     318.20       16.27        1.81       357.23   354.62       -0.81       -0.20
Urban and built
up land                2.10       2.29        0.19            0.02    5.16     5.61        0.21            0.05
Water body             0.14       0.33        0.19            0.02    1.57     1.51        -0.02           0.00
      sum                        896.9
                     896.95        5            -              -     402.75 402.75           -              -
                    Regional Centre for Geo-Informatics and Space Technology, Northeast Thailand
Result and Discussions

          Table 4 Landuse in The PLWS. 2001 and 2005 and its changes

    Landuse             Landuse change in The PLWS               Landuse change out The PLWS
                    Area (sq.km.)           change            Area (sq.km.)           change
                                        Area                                     Area
                                                 Percentage                               Percentage
                                      (sq.km.)                                 (sq.km.)
Hill evergreen
forest         247.56    246.16       -1.40      -0.16      3.88      4.01      0.13           0.03
Pine Forest      7.26      7.22       -0.04       0.00      0.03      0.04      0.01           0.00
Dry or semi-
evergreen
forest          186.9    186.12       -0.78      -0.09       1.5      1.74      0.24           0.06
Mixed
deciduous
forest          27.76     27.79        0.03       0.00      6.14      5.68     -0.46           -0.11
Dry
diptercarp
forest          18.37     17.65       -0.72      -0.08     14.68     13.37     -1.31           -0.33
Bamboo
forest          11.48      11.8        0.32       0.04      2.36      2.46      0.10           0.02
Forest
plantation      61.73     59.23       -2.50      -0.28     12.31      9.33     -2.98           -0.74
Grass land      12.87     13.14        0.27       0.03      0.09       0.1      0.01           0.00
Rock out crop    2.21      2.21        0.00       0.00      0.01      0.01      0.00           0.00
Agricultural Regional Centre for Geo-Informatics and Space Technology, Northeast Thailand
land            318.2    322.92        4.72       0.53    354.62    358.73      4.11           1.02
Result and Discussions

             Table 5 Landuse in The PLWS. 2005 and 2010 and its changes

      Landuse                   Landuse change in The PLWS                       Landuse change out The PLWS
                         Area (sq.km.)                 change             Area (sq.km.)                 change
                                                Area                                             Area
                                                          Percentage                                       Percentage
                                              (sq.km.)                                         (sq.km.)
Hill evergreen
forest                 247.56      246.16      -1.40            -0.16    3.88         4.01       0.13            0.03
Pine Forest             7.26        7.22       -0.04            0.00     0.03         0.04       0.01            0.00
Dry or semi-
evergreen forest
                       186.9       186.12      -0.78            -0.09    1.5          1.74       0.24            0.06
Mixed deciduous
forest
                       27.76        27.79      0.03             0.00     6.14         5.68      -0.46            -0.11
Dry diptercarp
forest
                       18.37        17.65      -0.72            -0.08   14.68         13.37     -1.31            -0.33
Bamboo forest          11.48        11.8       0.32             0.04     2.36         2.46       0.10            0.02
Forest plantation      61.73        59.23      -2.50            -0.28   12.31         9.33      -2.98            -0.74
Grass land             12.87        13.14      0.27             0.03     0.09          0.1       0.01            0.00
Rock out crop           2.21        2.21       0.00             0.00     0.01         0.01       0.00            0.00
Agricultural land      318.2       322.92      4.72             0.53    354.62       358.73      4.11            1.02
Urban and built
up land
                        2.29        2.39       0.10             0.01     5.61          5.8       0.19            0.05
Water body              0.33        0.31       -0.02            0.00     1.51         1.48      -0.03            -0.01
sum
                       896.95      896.95        -                -     402.75       402.75       -                -

                    Regional Centre for Geo-Informatics and Space Technology, Northeast Thailand
Landuse change (1) in PLWS (2) its buffer
                                                          and (3) in PLWS and its buffer
      Result and Discussions

(1)                                                                                            (2)




                                                The result showed that the forest
(3)                                             had depleted gradually 15.28
                                                square kilometers from 497.15
                                                square kilometers in 1997 to 481.87
                                                square kilometers in 2010.
                                                The agriculture have increased
                                                27.93 square kilometers from
                                                301.93 square kilometers in 1997 to
                                                323.01 square kilometers in 2010.
       Regional Centre for Geo-Informatics and Space Technology, Northeast Thailand
Result and Discussions

                                     2001-2005                               2005 and 2010
1998 and 2001




1998
and
2001




                 The Encroachment of Agriculture on Forest map

                 Regional Centre for Geo-Informatics and Space Technology, Northeast Thailand
Result and Discussions

         THEOS                     LANDSAT                    LANDSAT
         2010                      2005                       2001
1        Field crop           Forest plantation                Forest
    increased                    decreased                   plantation




2                                Dry or semi-              Dry or semi-
        Field crop
                                  evergreen                 evergreen
      increased
                                    forest                    forest
                                  decreased




    Regional Centre for Geo-Informatics and Space Technology, Northeast Thailand
Result and Discussions

         THEOS                     LANDSAT                    LANDSAT
         2010                      2005                       2001
3     Field crop                     Forest                  Forest
    increased                      plantation              plantation
                                   decreased




4     Field crop                     Forest                     Forest
    increased                      plantation                 plantation
                                   decreased




    Regional Centre for Geo-Informatics and Space Technology, Northeast Thailand
Result and Discussions

         THEOS                    LANDSAT                     LANDSAT
         2010                     2005                        2001
5      Field crop
                                Bamboo forest                Bamboo
                                   decreased                 forest
      increased




6     Field crop                     Forest                    Forest
    increased                      decreased




    Regional Centre for Geo-Informatics and Space Technology, Northeast Thailand
Result and Discussions

         THEOS                     LANDSAT                    LANDSAT
         2010                      2005                       2001
7     Field crop                    Forest                  Forest
    increased                     plantation               plantation
                                  decreased




8     Paddy field                   Dry                          Dry
     increased                      dipterocarp              dipterocarp
                                    forest                      forest
                                    decreased




    Regional Centre for Geo-Informatics and Space Technology, Northeast Thailand
Thank you for your
    attention

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An application of theos data for the encroachment of agriculture on forest reserve in the phu luang wildlife sanctuary loei province

  • 1. LOGO An Application of THEOS Data for the Encroachment of Agriculture on Forest Reserve in the Phu Luang Wildlife Sanctuary, Loei Province Rasamee Suwanwerakamtorn Regional Centre for Geo-Informatics and Sp ace Technology, Northeast Thailand, Khon Kaen University
  • 2. Topics 1. Background 2. Objective 3. Description of the Study Area 4. Data sources 5. Methodology 6. Result and Discussions Regional Centre for Geo-Informatics and Space Technology, Khon Kaen University, Northeast Thailand
  • 3. Background Although the controlling and preventive measures are enforced rigidly to minimize the encroachment on forest reserves in Phu Luang wildlife sanctuary (PWLS) which is one of a form of maintaining forest area for wildlife habitat. The forest area is still continuously encroached upon due to a population around wildlife sanctuary increase. Regional Centre for Geo-Informatics and Space Technology, Khon Kaen University, Northeast Thailand
  • 4. Background To enhance the efficiency of the protection, regeneration and utilization of forest resources, the information about the change is still needed. These include an inventory periodical monitoring and the causes of changes. With the advent of high resolution satellite data, the updated and multi-temporal information to detect the changes can be obtained. Regional Centre for Geo-Informatics and Space Technology, Khon Kaen University, Northeast Thailand
  • 5. Objective The purpose of this study is to monitor the change for the encroachment of agriculture on forest reserve with the use of multi - temporal satellite data. Regional Centre for Geo-Informatics and Space Technology, Northeast Thailand
  • 6. Description of the Study Area The study area is Phu Luang Wildlife Sanctuary and two kilometers buffer zone. Its coverage area is about 1,313 square kilometers. It is located in Regional Centre for Geo-Informatics and Space Technology, Northeast Thailand
  • 7. Description of the Study Area The main forest are evergreen and deciduous forests. The mean annual rainfall of the area is about 1,200 – 1,400 mm. Regional Centre for Geo-Informatics and Space Technology, Northeast Thailand
  • 8. Data sources LS_1997 LS_2001 1. 3 Multi-temporal Landsat data acquired in 1997, 2001, 2005 and THEOS data acquired in 2010 which corresponded to the dry season. 2.Topographic maps of the Royal Thai Survey Department at the LS_2005 TH_2010 scale 1:50,000 which were used for geo-referencing and supplement information. 3. Land use map in 1998 and 2005 from Regional Centre for Geo- Informatic, Northeast Thailand Regional Centre for Geo-Informatics and Space Technology, Northeast Thailand
  • 9. Methodology LS_1997 LS_2001 1. Pre-Processing The three TM scene was georeferenced using the ground control points selected from the topographic map and a nearest neighbor interpolation algorithm was performed. We used a color composite LS_2005 TH_2010 image of the 2 scene which three bands which are 4-5-3 (RGB). The result image allow us to distinguish the areas with different land use patterns. Regional Centre for Geo-Informatics and Space Technology, Northeast Thailand
  • 10. Methodology LS 1998 LS 2001 LS 2005 TH 2010 2. Visual interpretation Landuse type is classified based on color, texture and pattern of the imagery. Landuse 1998 Landuse 2001 Landuse 2005 Landuse 2010 Regional Centre for Geo-Informatics and Space Technology, Northeast Thailand
  • 11. Methodology 3. Post Classification Field survey was carried out for increasing a map accuracy.
  • 15. Methodology Image Enhancement Visual interpretation Post Classification Field Survey Revised data Land use 1997 from LANDSAT TM Assessment accuracy Land use 2005 from Land use 2001 from LANDSAT TM LANDSAT TM Land use 2010 from THEOS The encroachment of agriculture on forest reserve map Regional Centre for Geo-Informatics and Space Technology, Northeast Thailand
  • 16. Methodology 4. Encroachment of Agriculture on Forest Reserve Analysis Landuse 1998 Landuse 2001 Landuse 2005 Landuse 2010 Regional Centre for Geo-Informatics and Space Technology, Northeast Thailand
  • 17. Result and Discussions Landuse 1998 Landuse 2001 Landuse in PLWS and its buffer Landuse 2005 Landuse 2010 Regional Centre for Geo-Informatics and Space Technology, Northeast Thailand
  • 18. Result and Discussions The result showed that the forest had depleted gradually 15.28 square kilometers from 497.15 square kilometers in 1997 to 481.87 square kilometers in 2010. The agriculture have increased 27.93 square kilometers from 301.93 square kilometers in 1997 to 323.01 square kilometers in 2010. Landuse 1998 Landuse 2001 Landuse 2005 Landuse 2010
  • 19. Result and Discussions Landuse in the Wildlife Sanctuary and its 2 km buffer 1998 Landuse in the Wildlife Sanctuary and its 2 km buffer 2001 Area of Landuse in Area of Landuse in Area of Landuse in Area of Landuse out Area of Landuse in Area of Landuse out Landuse Wildlife Sanctuary Wildlife Sanctuary Wildlife Sanctuary Wildlife Sanctuary Landuse Wildlife Sanctuary Wildlife Sanctuary and its buffer and its buffer Area Percent Area Percenta Area Percenta Area Percent Area Percenta Area Percent (sq.km.) age (sq.km.) ge (sq.km.) ge (sq.km.) age (sq.km.) ge (sq.km.) age Hill Hill evergreen 254. 28.3 260. 257. evergreen 247.5 251.4 forest 66 9 2.86 0.71 60 52 forest 6 27.60 3.88 0.96 4 19.35 Pine Forest 6.65 0.74 0.00 0.00 6.65 6.65 Pine Forest 7.26 0.81 0.03 0.01 7.29 0.56 Dry or semi- Dry or evergreen 186. 20.8 190. 188. semi- forest 82 3 1.64 0.41 71 46 evergreen 186.9 188.4 Mixed forest 0 20.84 1.50 0.37 0 14.50 deciduous 28.1 34.4 34.0 Mixed forest 3 3.14 5.87 1.46 1 0 deciduous Dry forest 27.76 3.09 6.14 1.52 33.90 2.61 diptercarp 20.8 14.6 35.9 35.5 Dry forest 9 2.33 7 3.64 9 6 diptercarp Bamboo 10.0 12.3 12.1 forest 18.37 2.05 14.68 3.64 33.05 2.54 forest 4 1.12 2.14 0.53 3 8 Bamboo Forest 72.3 11.5 84.8 83.8 forest 11.48 1.28 2.36 0.59 13.84 1.06 plantation Forest 4 8.07 1 2.86 5 5 plantation 61.73 6.88 12.31 3.06 74.04 5.70 Grass land 11.1 11.3 11.2 Grass land 12.87 1.43 0.09 0.02 12.96 1.00 4 1.24 0.06 0.01 3 Rock out 0 Rock out crop 2.21 0.25 0.01 0.00 2.22 0.17 crop 2.21 0.25 0.01 0.00 2.25 2.22 Agricultural 318.2 354.6 672.8 Agricultural 301. 33.6 357. 88.7 Geo-Informatics and Space Technology, Northeast Thailand Regional Centre for 667. 659. land land 0 35.48 2 88.05 2 51.77
  • 20. Result and Discussions Landuse in the Wildlife Sanctuary and its 2 km buffer 2005 Landuse in the Wildlife Sanctuary and its 2 km buffer 2010 Landuse Area of Landuse Area of Landuse in Area of Landuse in Area of Landuse in Area of Landuse Area of Landuse out Wildlife Sanctuary Wildlife Sanctuary and its Wildlife Sanctuary in out Wildlife Sanctuary and its buffer buffer Wildlife Sanctuary Wildlife Sanctuary Area Area Area % % % Landuse Area Area Area (sq.km.) (sq.km) (sq.km) % % % (sq.k) (sq.k) (sq.km.) Hill evergreen 246. 27. 1.5 250.1 19. Hill evergreen 243. forest 16 44 4.01 8 7 22 forest 9 27.1 Pine Forest 1 9 4.63 1.15 248.54 19.12 0.8 0.0 0.5 7.22 0 0.04 3 7.26 6 Pine Forest 7.52 0.84 0.03 0.01 7.55 0.58 Dry or semi- Dry or semi- 185. evergreen 186. 20. 0.8 187.8 14. evergree 7 20.7 forest 12 75 1.74 8 6 43 n forest 8 1 1.47 0.36 187.25 14.41 Mixed Mixed deciduous 27.7 3.1 1.4 2.5 deciduou 27.1 forest 9 0 5.68 4 33.47 7 s forest 7 3.03 5.33 1.32 32.50 2.50 Dry diptercarp 17.6 1.9 13.3 3.2 2.3 Dry diptercarp 17.4 forest forest 9 1.95 12.89 3.20 30.38 2.34 5 7 7 7 31.02 8 Bamboo 12.5 Bamboo 11.8 1.3 0.6 1.0 forest 1 1.39 1.85 0.46 14.36 1.10 forest 0 1 2.46 2 14.26 9 Forest Forest 59.2 6.6 2.8 5.4 plantatio 53.8 plantation 3 0 9.33 8 68.56 2 n 1 6.00 11.05 2.74 64.86 4.99 Grass land 13.1 1.4 0.0 1.0 Grass land 13.8 2 1.54 0.10 0.02 13.92 1.07 4 6 0.10 6 13.24 2 Rock out crop 2.22 0.25 0.01 0.00 2.23 0.17 Rock out crop 0.2 0.0 0.1
  • 21. Result and Discussions Table 3 Landuse in The PLWS. 1998 and 2001 and its changes Landuse Landuse change in The PLWS Landuse change out The PLWS Area (sq.km.) change Area (sq.km.) change Area Area Percentage Percentage (sq.km.) (sq.km.) Hill evergreen forest 254.66 247.56 -7.1 -0.79 2.86 3.88 0.62 0.15 Pine Forest 6.65 7.26 0.61 0.07 0.00 0.03 -0.01 -0.07 Dry or semi- evergreen forest 186.82 186.90 0.08 0.01 1.64 1.50 -0.27 -0.07 Mixed deciduous forest 28.13 27.76 -0.37 -0.04 5.87 6.14 -0.35 -0.09 Dry diptercarp forest 20.89 18.37 -2.52 -0.28 14.67 14.68 -0.48 -0.12 Bamboo forest 10.04 11.48 1.44 0.16 2.14 2.36 -0.61 -0.15 Forest plantation 72.34 61.73 -10.61 -1.18 11.51 12.31 1.72 0.43 Grass land 11.14 12.87 1.73 0.19 0.06 0.09 0.00 0.00 Rock out crop 2.21 2.21 0 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 Agricultural land 301.93 318.20 16.27 1.81 357.23 354.62 -0.81 -0.20 Urban and built up land 2.10 2.29 0.19 0.02 5.16 5.61 0.21 0.05 Water body 0.14 0.33 0.19 0.02 1.57 1.51 -0.02 0.00 sum 896.9 896.95 5 - - 402.75 402.75 - - Regional Centre for Geo-Informatics and Space Technology, Northeast Thailand
  • 22. Result and Discussions Table 4 Landuse in The PLWS. 2001 and 2005 and its changes Landuse Landuse change in The PLWS Landuse change out The PLWS Area (sq.km.) change Area (sq.km.) change Area Area Percentage Percentage (sq.km.) (sq.km.) Hill evergreen forest 247.56 246.16 -1.40 -0.16 3.88 4.01 0.13 0.03 Pine Forest 7.26 7.22 -0.04 0.00 0.03 0.04 0.01 0.00 Dry or semi- evergreen forest 186.9 186.12 -0.78 -0.09 1.5 1.74 0.24 0.06 Mixed deciduous forest 27.76 27.79 0.03 0.00 6.14 5.68 -0.46 -0.11 Dry diptercarp forest 18.37 17.65 -0.72 -0.08 14.68 13.37 -1.31 -0.33 Bamboo forest 11.48 11.8 0.32 0.04 2.36 2.46 0.10 0.02 Forest plantation 61.73 59.23 -2.50 -0.28 12.31 9.33 -2.98 -0.74 Grass land 12.87 13.14 0.27 0.03 0.09 0.1 0.01 0.00 Rock out crop 2.21 2.21 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 Agricultural Regional Centre for Geo-Informatics and Space Technology, Northeast Thailand land 318.2 322.92 4.72 0.53 354.62 358.73 4.11 1.02
  • 23. Result and Discussions Table 5 Landuse in The PLWS. 2005 and 2010 and its changes Landuse Landuse change in The PLWS Landuse change out The PLWS Area (sq.km.) change Area (sq.km.) change Area Area Percentage Percentage (sq.km.) (sq.km.) Hill evergreen forest 247.56 246.16 -1.40 -0.16 3.88 4.01 0.13 0.03 Pine Forest 7.26 7.22 -0.04 0.00 0.03 0.04 0.01 0.00 Dry or semi- evergreen forest 186.9 186.12 -0.78 -0.09 1.5 1.74 0.24 0.06 Mixed deciduous forest 27.76 27.79 0.03 0.00 6.14 5.68 -0.46 -0.11 Dry diptercarp forest 18.37 17.65 -0.72 -0.08 14.68 13.37 -1.31 -0.33 Bamboo forest 11.48 11.8 0.32 0.04 2.36 2.46 0.10 0.02 Forest plantation 61.73 59.23 -2.50 -0.28 12.31 9.33 -2.98 -0.74 Grass land 12.87 13.14 0.27 0.03 0.09 0.1 0.01 0.00 Rock out crop 2.21 2.21 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 Agricultural land 318.2 322.92 4.72 0.53 354.62 358.73 4.11 1.02 Urban and built up land 2.29 2.39 0.10 0.01 5.61 5.8 0.19 0.05 Water body 0.33 0.31 -0.02 0.00 1.51 1.48 -0.03 -0.01 sum 896.95 896.95 - - 402.75 402.75 - - Regional Centre for Geo-Informatics and Space Technology, Northeast Thailand
  • 24. Landuse change (1) in PLWS (2) its buffer and (3) in PLWS and its buffer Result and Discussions (1) (2) The result showed that the forest (3) had depleted gradually 15.28 square kilometers from 497.15 square kilometers in 1997 to 481.87 square kilometers in 2010. The agriculture have increased 27.93 square kilometers from 301.93 square kilometers in 1997 to 323.01 square kilometers in 2010. Regional Centre for Geo-Informatics and Space Technology, Northeast Thailand
  • 25. Result and Discussions 2001-2005 2005 and 2010 1998 and 2001 1998 and 2001 The Encroachment of Agriculture on Forest map Regional Centre for Geo-Informatics and Space Technology, Northeast Thailand
  • 26. Result and Discussions THEOS LANDSAT LANDSAT 2010 2005 2001 1 Field crop Forest plantation Forest increased decreased plantation 2 Dry or semi- Dry or semi- Field crop evergreen evergreen increased forest forest decreased Regional Centre for Geo-Informatics and Space Technology, Northeast Thailand
  • 27. Result and Discussions THEOS LANDSAT LANDSAT 2010 2005 2001 3 Field crop Forest Forest increased plantation plantation decreased 4 Field crop Forest Forest increased plantation plantation decreased Regional Centre for Geo-Informatics and Space Technology, Northeast Thailand
  • 28. Result and Discussions THEOS LANDSAT LANDSAT 2010 2005 2001 5 Field crop Bamboo forest Bamboo decreased forest increased 6 Field crop Forest Forest increased decreased Regional Centre for Geo-Informatics and Space Technology, Northeast Thailand
  • 29. Result and Discussions THEOS LANDSAT LANDSAT 2010 2005 2001 7 Field crop Forest Forest increased plantation plantation decreased 8 Paddy field Dry Dry increased dipterocarp dipterocarp forest forest decreased Regional Centre for Geo-Informatics and Space Technology, Northeast Thailand
  • 30. Thank you for your attention