1. Modernization of Filipino Literature Group 1

2. Introduction 20th to 21st century “Edad de oro del castellano en Filipinas” or The Golden Age of the Castilian in the Philippines “Modernismo” was the literary trend (Spanish-American) Writing in tagalog was frowned upon. It was said that tagalog was not capable for great works.

3. Evident trends in Modern Literature

4. Literary Trends Abundance of short stories, free verse poems and critical essays Ex. Dead Stars, Footnote to Youth English became the preferred language of use Filipino trait References to Spanish and American culture Evident in Paz Marquez Benitez’ Dead Stars and Lualhati Bautista’s Bata, Bata paanokaginawa

5. Factors that caused these trends Introduction of free public education for all. The use of English as the medium of instruction in all levels The idea that America was there to help.

6. Authors and their work

7. Paz Marquez Benitez Published Dead Stars in 1925 Dead stars was the first successful short story written in English by a Filipino Marked the maturity of the Filipino as a writer in English “Julia” symbolized the new filipina educated by the americans

8. Jose Garcia Villa Wrote Footnote to Youth Lived in America most of his life Many American authors praised his work Displayed experimentation with new vibrant ideas in usage of the comma

9. Lualhati Bautista Wrote “Bata batapaaanokaginawa” Highlights new American culture and customs though some may be negative Paradigm of a broken family is now introduced which is something conservative filipino families are not used to.