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Keeping Valuation
 Analysis Simple



                    Ā© Investorsā€™ Mosaic, Inc.
Section 1:

The S&P 500




              Ā© Investorsā€™ Mosaic, Inc.
The S&P 500 Valuation Range
                        (Forward Price / Earnings)

                                                                            20x

                                         15x

             10x




         Bad Times                  Normal Times                    Good Times


Analysis: Over the decades, the S&P 500 has generally fluctuated
between 10x and 20x forward price/earnings. There have been years well
above and well below these levels, but they were short-lived aberrations.
In most scenarios, these are good guideposts to use when analyzing the
marketā€™s valuation.
                                                                             Ā© Investorsā€™ Mosaic, Inc.
Section 2:

Individual Stocks




                    Ā© Investorsā€™ Mosaic, Inc.
Individual Stocks Trade in a Range: Learn the Cycle
                                      Business fundamentals are very
                                      strong; revenue and earnings growth
                                      accelerating. Sector in favor.


                                                    Peak
Business fundamentals                               20x               Know where the stock is
are stable. Nothing                                                   within this cycle to better
out of the ordinary.                                                  assess if valuation and
                                                                      business fundamentals are
                                                                      aligned.

   Average
      15x




                                    Trough
                                      10x


                        Business fundamentals are weak,
                        slowing or declining earnings growth.
                        Sector out of favor.
                                                                              Ā© Investorsā€™ Mosaic, Inc.
Reasonable Forward P/E Based on Earnings Growth Rates
 Analysis: You should be willing to pay more for faster-growing
 companies. Generally, paying 1.0x the companyā€™s EPS growth rate
 is acceptable. Some experts think that paying up to 2.0x EPS
 growth is o.k.
                                                                                       35x
 Note: Paying more than 50x EPS is extreme in any scenario and
 will ultimately burn you.

                                       P/E                          20x

                                                   15x
                                    10x

                     8x
     5x




Declining EPS      ~5%            ~10%            ~15%             ~20%              30%+
                  Growth          Growth          Growth           Growth            Growth
                                Earnings Growth Rate

                                                                            Ā© Investorsā€™ Mosaic, Inc.
Or You Can Think About Your Stock Relative to the Market
           If your company is                                 If your company is
         below-average quality                              above-average quality

                                                                                 18x

      15x                                                 15x        +3x

                 -3x
                            12x




The S&P 500 in         Relative P/E                 The S&P 500 in          Relative P/E
 Normal Times                                        Normal Times

Analysis: Most companies are average, but a good management team, a unique value
proposition (product), and attractive industry may be reasons for an above-average valuation.
The reverse is true for below-average.
                                                                             Ā© Investorsā€™ Mosaic, Inc.
Section 3:

Establishing a Price Target




                          Ā© Investorsā€™ Mosaic, Inc.
Regardless, Always Establish Price Targets So You Can be
Disciplined When to Buy or Sell
                                                         Analysis: You can
                                        $18.00           further refine the
                                       Target Price in   scenario analysis by
                                       Upside Case       establishing a different
                                                         EPS expectations for all
    $15.00                                               three cases (in addition
                                                         to varying multiples).
  Target Price in                                        This adds complexity to
   Base Case                                             the analysis, but is also
                                                         more realistic since your
                                        $12.00           downside scenario is
                                                         associated with a
                                   Target Price in       negative sentiment in the
                                  Downside Case          market, which can be
                                                         driven by a poor macro
                                                         environment.
                    EPS     Multiple     Price
 Downside Case      $1.00   12x          $12.00
 Base Case          $1.00   15x          $15.00
 Upside Case        $1.00   18x          $18.00

                                                                 Ā© Investorsā€™ Mosaic, Inc.

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Making Stock Valuation Simple

  • 1. Keeping Valuation Analysis Simple Ā© Investorsā€™ Mosaic, Inc.
  • 2. Section 1: The S&P 500 Ā© Investorsā€™ Mosaic, Inc.
  • 3. The S&P 500 Valuation Range (Forward Price / Earnings) 20x 15x 10x Bad Times Normal Times Good Times Analysis: Over the decades, the S&P 500 has generally fluctuated between 10x and 20x forward price/earnings. There have been years well above and well below these levels, but they were short-lived aberrations. In most scenarios, these are good guideposts to use when analyzing the marketā€™s valuation. Ā© Investorsā€™ Mosaic, Inc.
  • 4. Section 2: Individual Stocks Ā© Investorsā€™ Mosaic, Inc.
  • 5. Individual Stocks Trade in a Range: Learn the Cycle Business fundamentals are very strong; revenue and earnings growth accelerating. Sector in favor. Peak Business fundamentals 20x Know where the stock is are stable. Nothing within this cycle to better out of the ordinary. assess if valuation and business fundamentals are aligned. Average 15x Trough 10x Business fundamentals are weak, slowing or declining earnings growth. Sector out of favor. Ā© Investorsā€™ Mosaic, Inc.
  • 6. Reasonable Forward P/E Based on Earnings Growth Rates Analysis: You should be willing to pay more for faster-growing companies. Generally, paying 1.0x the companyā€™s EPS growth rate is acceptable. Some experts think that paying up to 2.0x EPS growth is o.k. 35x Note: Paying more than 50x EPS is extreme in any scenario and will ultimately burn you. P/E 20x 15x 10x 8x 5x Declining EPS ~5% ~10% ~15% ~20% 30%+ Growth Growth Growth Growth Growth Earnings Growth Rate Ā© Investorsā€™ Mosaic, Inc.
  • 7. Or You Can Think About Your Stock Relative to the Market If your company is If your company is below-average quality above-average quality 18x 15x 15x +3x -3x 12x The S&P 500 in Relative P/E The S&P 500 in Relative P/E Normal Times Normal Times Analysis: Most companies are average, but a good management team, a unique value proposition (product), and attractive industry may be reasons for an above-average valuation. The reverse is true for below-average. Ā© Investorsā€™ Mosaic, Inc.
  • 8. Section 3: Establishing a Price Target Ā© Investorsā€™ Mosaic, Inc.
  • 9. Regardless, Always Establish Price Targets So You Can be Disciplined When to Buy or Sell Analysis: You can $18.00 further refine the Target Price in scenario analysis by Upside Case establishing a different EPS expectations for all $15.00 three cases (in addition to varying multiples). Target Price in This adds complexity to Base Case the analysis, but is also more realistic since your $12.00 downside scenario is associated with a Target Price in negative sentiment in the Downside Case market, which can be driven by a poor macro environment. EPS Multiple Price Downside Case $1.00 12x $12.00 Base Case $1.00 15x $15.00 Upside Case $1.00 18x $18.00 Ā© Investorsā€™ Mosaic, Inc.