Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
7. Conventional powder Ceramics
These products are supplied as
powders to which the technician
adds distilled water to produce a
slurry, which is build up in layers
on a refractory die/ platinum foil
to form the contours of the
restoration.
The powders are available in
different shades and
translucencies, and are supplied
with characterizing stains and
glazes.
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8. e.g. OPTEC H.S.P (Jeneric/Pentron)
DUCERAM L.F.C (Ducera Inc)
Vita Hi-Ceram (Vita Zahnfabrik)
Esthetic.
High strength.
But no good fit,
Only anteriors
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9. Castable Ceramics
These products are supplied as
solid ceramic ingots, which are
used for fabrication of cores or
full contour restorations using
a lost wax and centrifugal
casting technique.
Followed by heat-treatment to
precipitate a crystalline phase
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10. e.g. DICOR (Corning glass, Dentsply).
CERAPEARL (Bioceram, Kyocera)
Low abrassiveness
Time consuming
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11. Pressable Ceramics
These are also supplied as
ingots, these product are
melted at higher
temperatures [11500
c] and
pressed into a mould using
a lost wax technique.
These pressed form can be
made into full contour, or
can be used as a substrate
for conventional
feldspathic porcelain
buildup
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12. leucite based
e.g. IPS Empress I (Ivoclar vivadent)
OPC (Optec Pressable Ceramic)
ALCERAM (Cerestore, Innotek dental corp)
Lithium disilicate based
IPS Empress 2*
Optec OPS 3G
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13. Leucite – KAlSi2O6
Low leucite High leucite
used for reinforcement of feldspathic dental
porcelains
Varies from 35%-50% by volume
Flexural strength – 120 Mpa
tetragonal configuration cubic polymorph->tetragonal configuration
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14. Mechanical Strength is Insufficient for
construction of All Ceramic Bridges
Crowns
Inlays
Veneers
Good marginal fit
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15. lithium disilicate
pre-cerammed
interlocking nature of the crystals + high density
high flexural strength.
Highly translucent because of the high optical
compatibility between the crystals
The glassy matrix minimizes internal scattering of
light.
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16. Strongest of all the glass ceramics (~350-
450MPa).
New layering ceramic an apatite glass
ceramic is used
Crowns for molars.
Anterior three unit bridges.
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17. Infiltrated Ceramics
These are glass infiltrated
core ceramics. This involves
slip casting technique for
making the core,
The contours of the
restoration are obtained by
individual layering and
staining techniques.
Refractory die
Packing slurry
sintering www.indiandentalacademy.com
19. Most Translucent
The strength is about three - four times more greater
than earlier alumina core materials[350 mpa].
Marginal fit reported to be very good.
INCERAM spinell
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20. Polycrystalline ceramic with out any glass
component
Three crystallographic forms
Monoclinic [<1170]
Tetragonal [>1170]
Cubic [>2370]
Zirconia
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23. INCERAM ZIRCONIA
Glass-infiltrated Alumina with 35% partially stabilized Zirconia
core
Good Marginal Fit
High strength of 700 Mpa
Fracture toughness- 6-8 Mpa.m1/2
Posterior Crowns and FPDs, Post & Core, Implants
Strongest And Toughest Of Available Ceramics
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24. Machinable Ceramics
These products are supplied as ingots in various
shades and are milled into desired form. These
machined restorations can be stained and glazed
to obtain desired characterization.
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25. a ceramic restoration
fabricated by use of a
computer aided design -
computer aided milling
a process of milling a
structure using a device that
traces the surface of a metal,
ceramic or a polymer
pattern and transfers the
traced spatial positions to a
cutting station.
C A D -C A M C e r a m ic s C o p y -M il l e d C e r a m ic s
M ac h in a ble C er am ic s
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27. CAD – CAM Devices:
DIRECT:
Fully integrated CAD – CAM devices for chair
side restorative approach. CAD & CAM
stations are located at the dental office.
INDIRECT:
System that consists of several modules with at
least, distinctive CAD & CAM stations.
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28. MATERIALS
Silicate Ceramics
Aluminium oxide ceramics with glass
infiltration.
Aluminium oxide ceramics with dense
sintering.
Titanium.
Precious alloys
Non precious alloys
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29. Thank you
For more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
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Hinweis der Redaktion
Ceramics are
Biocompatibility
Aesthetics
Durability
Metal ceramic
1 doesn’t allow light like natural teeth
Doesn’t reflect light
Opaque n dense
Doesn’t show the dentine color
Ceramics are
Biocompatibility
Aesthetics
Durability
a core can be loosely defined as a rigid and durable structure designed to closely fit one or more abutment teeth and used as a framework to support a tooth colored, translucent esthetic veneer.
flexural strength of &quot;plain&quot; feldspathic porcelain is around 50-60 MPa (Mega Pascals), that of an aluminous core is between 120-130MPa.
Aluminous cores are made by adding alumina to the glass system before the frit-sintering stage. This method of manufacture limits the addition of alumina to no more than 40-50% by volume. On the other hand, glass infused ceramic cores are built using pure alumina, spinel or zirconia which is sintered PRIOR to the introduction of the glass. Thus these cores achieve a much higher proportion of refractory crystalline filler than is possible with traditional aluminous core techniques.
Esthetic. High strength.
But no good fit, only anteriors
Generally, one shade of material is available. Which is covered by conventional feldspathic porcelain / is stained to obtain proper shading and characterization of the final restoration.
Ceramic blend into resins.
Good fit
Only anteriors
consistently precise crowns by eliminating shrinkage, porosity and the inconsistency of brush build-ups
Leucite is a crystalline potassium aluminum silicate (K2O Al203 4SiO2) which is used for reinforcement of feldspathic dental porcelains. At room temperature leucite ordinarily has a tetragonal configuration, and when the leucite exists in this form, it is referred to as&quot;low leucite&quot;.
When tetragonal leucite is heated to about 625 °C it undergoes a reversible transformation to a cubic polymorph, with a concomitant volume change of 1.2%. The cubic phase of leucite is known as&quot;high leucite.&quot;Upon cooling to room temperature, the cubic leucite crystals revert to the more stable tetragonal polymorph.
Apatite Glass Ceramic
The lithium disilicate ceramics are different from other glass ceramics in that it has an unusually high coefficient of thermal expansion, and ordinary feldspathic glasses cannot be sintered over the lithium disilicate substructure. Therefore, a new esthetic glass ceramic with a higher thermal expansion had to be invented to overlay the thick framework. This new layering ceramic is an apatite glass ceramic. The crystals formed on ceramming have the composition Ca10(PO4)6 · 2OH. This is the same basic constituent in natural tooth enamel.
Slip-cast slurry: A fine particle ceramic dispersed in an aqueous liquid medium is poured into a porous mould which rapidly extracts the liquid causing the formation of a close-packed but weak ceramic particle structure
Figure 2. Moisture absorbed into die stone agglomerating or packing alumina particles.
Figure 3. During sintering the alumina particles fuse together at points of contact producing a highly stable, organized crystalline structure.
Figure 6. At elevated temperatures, infiltration glass moves inside from external surface to fill air spaces between particles by capillary action.
tetragonal configuration
Principle of strengthening by the incorporation of a crystalline material that is capable of undergoing a change in crystal structure when placed under stresses.
This crystalline material is usually termed as Partially Stabilized Zirconia(PSZ).
The energy required for the transformation of PSZ is taken from the energy that allows the crack to propagate.
One drawback of PSZ is that its refractive index is much higher than that of the surrounding glass matrix.