Residual monomer --it’s cytotoxicity /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental academy

RESIDUAL MONOMER--IT’S CYTOTOXIC POTENTIAL
INDIAN DENTAL ACADEMY
Leader in continuing dental education
www.indiandentalacademy.com


INTRODUCTION


RESIDUAL MONOMER
 The

conversion of monomers to polymers –
un reacted monomers -- residual monomers

 Residual

cause

monomer has the potential to
Irritation
Inflammation
Allergic response
&
Stomatitis
Angular cheilitis


ALLERGIC STOMATITIS


ANGULAR CHEILITIS


RESIDUAL MONOMER
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS.
 Erythema
 Erosion

of oral mucosa
 Burning sensation on mucosa and tongue


RESIDUAL MONOMER
 Allergic

reaction
few to several hours
 Allergic contact stomatitis .
Delayed type of hypersensitivity ---Hypersensitivity of mucosa and skin.


RESIDUAL MONOMER
 In

1956 ‘Fisher’ identified methyl
methacrylate monomers as the cause of
allergic dermatitis of 4 dentists and dental
laboratory technicians.


RESIDUAL MONOMER
Biocompatibility
Heat cure more than self cure
Allergic response
Self cure more than heat cure


RESIDUAL MONOMER
CONTACT DERMATITIS

 Other

side effects
1.Contact dermatitis
2.Respiratory distress
3.Cardiovascular effects


RESIDUAL MONOMER
 Parameters

to monitor cytotoxic effects of
dental materials are inhibition of cell
growth, cytolysis, changes in the metabolic
activity
( Janaina Habib Jorge and E . Teresinha et
al; Effect of post polymerization heat
treatments on the cytotoxicity of two
denture base acrylic resins Appl Oral Sci;
2006;14(3);203-7 )


RESIDUAL MONOMER
 “Smith

”found that in self cured acrylic
resins different areas of denture appeared
to have different percentage of residual
monomer due to the difference in thickness
of material.


RESIDUAL MONOMER
 An

acrylic resin which contains high levels
of residual monomer may exhibit low
mechanical strength.
( A. M. Fletcher and S. Purnaveja et al
;The level of residual monomer in self
curing denture base materials Dent Res
1983 ;62 ( 2 );118-120 )


FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE
CYTOTOXICITY OF DENTURE BASE
ACRYLIC RESINS
 Polymer to monomer ratio
 Type of polymerization cycle
 Method of polymerization
 Storage time and water immersion


POLYMER TO MONOMER RATIO
 ‘Kedjarune’ et

al the more monomer added to
the mixture the greater the amount of residual
monomer and therefore more potential for
cytotoxicity.
 Resins prepared with a high proportion of
polymer to monomer ratio ( 5:3) resulted in
significantly lower levels of residual monomer as
compared to those prepared with a lower
ratio(4:3)


POLYMERIZATION CYCLE
Extended polymerization time—low levels
of residual monomer—less cytotoxicity
Harrison and Huggett tests
7hr at 700c
1hr at 1000c
Maximum conversion of residual monomer


7hr at 600c
5min at 900c
High residual monomer

POLYMERIZATION METHOD
 Cytotoxicity

Auto polymerizing > Heat cure >Microwave


WATER STORAGE
 Water

storage for 24 hrs
 Longer storage--less cytotoxicity
 50c for 60 min—reduce monomer—less
cytotoxicity
( Janaina Habib Jorge DDS, and E.Teresinha
et al; cytotoxity of denture base acrylic
resins: a literature review; J Prosthet dent
2003;90:190-3)

CONCLUSION


ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS








Dr. P. MAHESH. M.D.S.(PROFF& HOD)
Dr. P. SRINIVASA RAO.M.D.S.( ASS.PROFF)
Dr. SASI DEEPTHI REDDY.M.D.S.
Dr. KUMAR. M.D.S.
Dr. DILEEP NAG.M.D.S.
Dr. PAVAN.M.D.S.
Dr. SUDHEER.M.D.S.


THANK YOU


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