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1. REMEDY TO DENTINAL
HYPERSENSITIVITY
INDIAN DENTAL ACADEMY
Leader in Continuing Dental Education
www.indiandentalacademy.com

2. INTRODUCTION:
Dentinal Hypersensitivity
• Definition:
It is a short or transient sharp pain arising from
exposed Dentin in response to stimuli typically
thermal, evaporative, tactile, osmotic or
chemical which cannot be ascribed to any
other form of dental defects or pathology.
• A true pain syndrome
• An enigma
• Not Well Understood

3. THEORIES OF DENTINAL
HYPERSENSITIVITY :
 Direct stimulation
of nerve fibers
 Dentinal receptor
mechanism
 Gate control
theory and
vibration
 Hydrodynamic
theory.

4. CAUSES OF DENTINAL
HYPERSENSITIVITY
1. WASTING DISEASES
2. DEVELOPMENTAL ANOMALITIES

5. 3. GINGIVAL RECESSION
4. ILL HABITS 5.TRAUMA
SMOKING & TOBACCO
CHEWING

6. 6. IATROGENIC CAUSES
8.PERIODONTAL
7.DENTAL SURGERY
CARIES

7. CURRENT EXISTING
MANAGEMENTS OF DENTINAL
HYPERSENSITIVITY:
1. Desensitizing agents.
• Cavity varnishes
• Anti-inflammatory agents
• Protein precipitants
• Tube occluding agents
• Tubule sealants
2.Intraoral fluoride releasing device
3.Composite resin or Glass ionomer restorations.
4.Gluteraldehyde & hydroxyethylmethacrylate bonding
agent system
5.Topical guanethidine.
6.Muco-gingival surgery.
7.Lasers – Nd:YAG, CO2 Laser irradiation.

8. AN ALTERNATE CLINICAL
TREATMENT FOR
DENTINAL
HYPERSENSITIVITY:
Anode iontophoresis
DEFINITION:
The process of influencing ionic
motion using an anode as the positive
electrode through which current enters
the electric circuit.

9. ANODE IONTOPHORESIS
LITERATURE STATUS:
• Iontophoretic deposition of strontium in dentine
was reported in 1980.
• The desensitizing effect and duration of action of
anode iontophoresis using strontium chloride
solution as the effective management of dentinal
hypersensitivity was first reported by G.
Ramachandran and Tom Jose.
• An extensive clinical trial was conducted under
the support of Indian Council of Medical
Research.

10. IONTOPHORETIC
DESENSITIZER:

11. IONTOPHORETIC
DESENSITIZER CIRCUIT
DIAGRAM :

12. IONTOPHORESIS ON
SENSITIVE TOOTH :
Two electrode made
of stainless steel
are used:
• One electrode is
fixed to patient’s
forearm.
• The other electrode
is used to deliver
the current to the
tooth surface.

13. IONTOPHORETIC
DESENSITIZATION:
MECHANISM OF ACTION
1. Stimulated deposition of secondary dentine
 Electrical
stimulus
 Low intensity current
2. Metathesis of strontium
 Formation of insoluble salts
 Deposition in exposed dentinal tubules
3. Electro coagulation- Dentinal fluid
4. Increased sensory adaptation

14. FACTORS AFFECTING
IONTOPHORESIS:
• Current strength
• Polar effect
• Ionic concentration

15. CLINICAL PROCEDURE:
 Tooth is made passive electrode
 Current flows from active electrode through
strontium chloride solution.
 Current strength is measured in voltage
and milliampere
 Anode iontophoresis produces Strontium
chloride dissociation in solution.
 Current electricity forces strontium into the
dentinal tubules preventing fluid movement
within.

16. CONCLUSION :
• The desensitizing effect of dentin
with strontium chloride solution by
anode iontophoresis aims at sealing
the exposed dentinal tubule by
strontium deposition.
• Prevents fluid movement within the
dentinal tubules.
• It is found to have a permanent
effect.

17. SPECIAL THANKS TO:
Dr.V.G.Sukumaran,MDS,
Prof. & HOD of Endodontics.
Dr.Narasimha Bharadwaj,MDS,
Lecturer.