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Evolution of orthognathic surgery /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental academy
1. ORTHOGNATHIC SURGERY
ITS EVOLUTION
VILARY BLAIR & EDWARD ANGLE
1898 - 1906
• Osteoctomy of horizontal ramus
• Horizontal osteotomy of the ramus
• V.shaped osteotomy for open bite
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2. INDIAN DENTAL ACADEMY
Leader in continuing dental education
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3. ORTHOGNATHIC SURGERY
ITS EVOLUTION
“Blair’s contributions to orthognathic
surgery”
• Pioneer in orthognathic surgery
• Racial differences in planning
• Classification of jaw deformities
• Co-operation between surgeon & orthodontist
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4. ORTHOGNATHIC SURGERY
ITS EVOLUTION
Blair’s single significant contribution
(1907)
• “Treating of skeletal deformities is really
surgical work, but the earlier a competent,
congenial orthodontist is associated with the
case, the better it will be for both the surgeon
and the patient”
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7. ORTHOGNATHIC SURGERY
ITS EVOLUTION
Martin Wassmund (Berlin)
• Developed anterior maxillary osteotomy
• Described lefort I osteotomy (1927)
• Trained Karl Schuchhardt
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8. ORTHOGNATHIC SURGERY
ITS EVOLUTION
Karl Schuchhardt (1955)
Posterior maxillary osteotomy
Improved by Kufner to enable total
mobilisation of the segment
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9. ORTHOGNATHIC SURGERY
ITS EVOLUTION
Heinz Kole (1959) Graz
Several innovations
• Bimaxillary alveolar surgery
• Deep bite correction
• Open bite closure
• Genioplasty
• Extensive literature contribution
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10. ORTHOGNATHIC SURGERY
ITS EVOLUTION
Hugo Obwegeser (Zurich)
Sagittal split of the mandible (1955) opened
new dimension in mandibular surgery
Dal Pont (1958) improved the method
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11. ORTHOGNATHIC SURGERY
ITS EVOLUTION
Hugo Obwegeser (Zurich)
Undoubtedly single greatest contributor to
orthognathic surgery in the world
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12. ORTHOGNATHIC SURGERY
ITS EVOLUATION
Hugo Obwegeser
Numerous contributions
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•
•
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Sagittal split osteotomy
Large series of Le fort I ostetomy (1969)
Le fort I osteotomy in cleft cases
Total maxillary & mandibular osteotomies
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13. ORTHOGNATHIC SURGERY
ITS EVOLUTION
Paul Tessier (France 1967)
Developed craniofacial surgery in europe.
Particularly Le fort III osteotomy
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14. ORTHOGNATHIC SURGERY
ITS EVOLUTION
Application of rigid, semi rigid fixation of
bony segments.
B.spiessl was the first to apply rigid
fixation in orthognathic surgery (1974)
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17. ORTHOGNATHIC SURGERY
ITS EVOLUTION
What are the advantages of rigid
fixation ?
• More rapid & easier
• Stabilization of segments better
• Patient convenience is greater
because no intermaxillary fixation
• Less danger for the patient
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18. ORTHOGNATHIC SURGERY
ITS EVOLUTION
What did plastic surgeons contribute ?
•
•
•
•
•
Blepharoplasty
Rhinoplasty
Rhitidectomy
Liposuction
Lip corrections
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19. ORTHOGNATHIC SURGERY
ITS EVOLUTION
Which way is the pendulum of progress ?
swung back to the United States of America
where orthognalthic surgery started about 100
years ago
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20. ORTHOGNATHIC SURGERY
ITS EVOLUTION
Current scenario
“It is a grown up speciality and an
important part of oral, maxillofacial and
facial plastic surgery”
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21. ORTHOGNATHIC SURGERY
ITS EVOLUTION
Indian situation
“Prof. M.S.N.Ginwalla started orthognathic
surgery in india in early sixities and credited
as father of orthognathic surgery in India”
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22. ORTHOGNATHIC SURGERY
ITS EVOLUTION
Maxillary procedure
Langenbeck (1859) did first maxillary osteotomy
for removal of nasopharyngeal polyp, the next
70 years it was used only for pathological
conditions
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23. ORTHOGNATHIC SURGERY
ITS EVOLUTION
K.H.Thoma (1883-1972)
Oblique osteotomy of the ramus
Father of oral pathology, defender of oral
surgery, and great teacher of oral medicine,
raised the standards, originated several surgical
techniques.
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24. ORTHOGNATHIC SURGERY
ITS EVOLUTION
William H. Bell
Provided biologic evidence for the success
of maxillary osteotomies with his research
on vascularity of maxilla.
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25. ORTHOGNATHIC SURGERY
ITS EVOLUTION
Bruce N. Epkar (Texas, U.S.A.)
Interested in the dynamics of bone metabolism and
facial skeletal surgery
- more than 200 scientific contributions
Created Fort worth cleft palate program
John Peer Smith hospital centre for correction of
facial deformities
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28. ORTHOGNATHIC SURGERY
ITS EVOLUTION
Harold Hargis coined the term orthognathic
previously referred to as orthodontic
corrective jaw surgery
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29. “Every
man owes some of his
time to the upbuilding of the
profession to which he belongs”
Theodore Roosevelt
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