The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
Influencing policy (training slides from Fast Track Impact)
Cleft in orthodontics /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental academy
1. CLEFT LIP & PALATE IN ORTHODONTICS
INDIAN DENTAL ACADEMY
Leader in continuing dental education
www.indiandentalacademy.com
www.indiandenacademy.com
2. Introduction
• Surgical repair alone cannot solve the multiple problems
encountered with the deformities that result from clefts of
the lip and palate.
• The Challenge –
– creation of an aesthetically acceptable correction of the
deficient columella and the deformity of the nasal
cartilages
– continuity of the vermillion border of the lips.
www.indiandenacademy.com
3. Modern Pre-surgical orthopaedics
• Active and passive appliances
• 1950 Mc neil- used acrylic appliance adapted to cleft
• 1964-Pruzansky opposed presurgical orthopaedicsbelieved spontaneous repositioning of premaxilla followed
lip repair
• 1971-Georgiade placed acrylic expansion plate into
maxillary segments. 2-3 weeks premaxilla was brought into
position
www.indiandenacademy.com
4. Pre-surgical orthopaedics
• 1980- Latham used pin retained variety
• Split appliance secured to palatal segments with pins in
interosseous position in horizontal processes of maxillary
bone
• Steel bar from one tuberosity to another
• Movable metal arms along each alveolar ridge
• 1 inch activation screw placed anteroposteriorly in cleft
www.indiandenacademy.com
5. Anatomy of UCLP
• Nasal floor communicates with oral
cavity
• Maxilla on cleft side is hypoplastic
• Columella is displaced to normal
side
• Nasal ala on cleft side is
laterally, posteriorly, and inferiorly
displaced
• Lip muscles insert into ala and
columella
www.indiandenacademy.com
6. Objectives of Pre-surgical
orthopaedics
• To align and approximate the intra alveolar segments
• To correct the malpositioned nasal cartilages.
• In addition the correction of the position of the philtrum and
columella are performed.
www.indiandenacademy.com
7. The Impression Technique
• Primary impression – temporary tray adapting
wax over the gumpads
• Addition Silicon Impression Material
• Custom acrylic trays
• Hospital setting
• ALGINATE NOT USED
www.indiandenacademy.com
8. Molding Plate
• clear acrylic resin
• surgical adhesive tapes that are applied
externally
• modified at weekly intervals to gradually
approximate the alveolar segments and to
reduce the size of the intraoral cleft gap
• plate also acts as an obturator
www.indiandenacademy.com
9. Taping
• tight apposition of lip segments with micropore
tape, results in the orthopaedic benefits of the
traditional lip adhesion without the consequent
scar
• combined with the moulding plate produces
controlled movement of the anterior alveolar
segments
www.indiandenacademy.com
10. Nasal Stent
• gradual additions of small amounts of acrylic resin, the stent
is positioned inside the nose underneath the apex of the alar
cartilage on the cleft side
• Moulding the shape of the
– cartilaginous septum
– alar cartilage tip
– medial and lateral crus
www.indiandenacademy.com
27. Pre – Post Comparisons
www.indiandenacademy.com
28. Advantages of PNAM
•
•
•
•
•
Helps guide alveolar segments - almost normal
position, prior to surgery.
Reduction of the cleft gap width facilitates the primary
gingivo-periosteal closure of the defect- greater probability
that a complete osseous bridge will form when the cleft
width is reduced.
Reduces the formation of scar tissue and produces more
consistent postoperative results.
Eliminates the need for secondary 'surgical' columella
elongation and the accompanying scars at the lip columella
junction.
Reduces the number and extent of surgeries that a cleft
patient will undergo during a lifetime.
www.indiandenacademy.com
29. Complications that may occur
•
Soft tissue breakdown - excessive modification of the
appliance - force application exceeds the tissue tolerance
•
Area of ulceration intraorally or on the nasal lining
•
If parents fail to apply tape and elastics during the
molding, then the appliance will not adequately be
retained during the course of treatment, and progress
would be lost.
•
If the appliance is lost or not worn, a cleft gap that had
been closed early during molding therapy may widen
again as the infant places its tongue into the cleft.
www.indiandenacademy.com
30. Conclusion
• PNAM remains a controversial part of
comprehensive care for cleft lip and palate
patients
– helps to decrease the tension between the tissues
– help to bring about better aesthetic results post
surgically
• Decreased scarring can also contribute to better
growth and decrease the dento-alveolar effects
of cleft surgeries at a young age.
www.indiandenacademy.com