Presentation covers history of the video coding and future coding technologies. Delivered at IMTC 20th Anniversary Forum.

1. Video Coding
Past, Present & Future
Casey King (cking@lifesize.com)
Chief Technology Officer
LifeSize Communications
October 9, 2013

2. The International Multimedia Telecommunications Consortium - Porto 2013
2 Things
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3. The International Multimedia Telecommunications Consortium - Porto 2013
Linear Change: My 20 22 years of Video
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4. Page
• 1080p60
• H.264 HP
• SVC
• UltraHD
• H.265
• VP8, VP9

5. The International Multimedia Telecommunications Consortium - Porto 2013
Video .. Circa 1991
§68K class Processor (20-40 MHz)
§Bandwidth
w CD 150kB/s, HD 2mB/s, X 10mB/s
§Hard Drives (80MB), RAM (4MB)
§Codecs (rpza - symmetric)
§160x120 @ 5-10 fps
§Kid King beats QT to 1.0
w 500kbps @ 6 fps
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7. The International Multimedia Telecommunications Consortium - Porto 2013
Video .. Circa 1998
§New Proprietary Codecs
w Cinepak & Sorenson
w Highly Asymmetric
§Sarah MacLachlan
w 850 kbps @ 24 fps
w 320x240 (4x!!)
w 24 fps (4x!!)
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9. The International Multimedia Telecommunications Consortium - Porto 2013
Video .. Circa 2000
• DV Codec (Firewire)
• Solved 10 yr problem
• 25 mbps @ 30 fps
• iMovie & Final Cut
• HDV 2006
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11. Page
• Q4 2005: 1280x720
• H.264 BL
• 1 mbps @ 30
• ~50% visible
• Q4 2008: 1920x1080
• ~23% visible
• 2013: 1080p60 HP
• 200x Kid King 1991

12. Page

13. History ofVideo Compression
(come along way in 22 years)
rpza
cinepak
sv1dv25
mpeg4
2005
2003
2001
1999
1997
1995
1993
1991
1989
hdv
H.263 H.264
H.261
wmv9
mpeg1
mpeg2
sv3
2006
FRExt
SVC
vc1

14. History ofVideo Compression
(come along way in 22 years)
2014
2013
2012
2011
2010
2009
2008
2007
2006
H.264
HP *
vp8
2015
SVC
vp8*
webM
vp9
H.265
Constrained

15. LS H.265: 368 kbps 720p30

16. LS H.265: 256 kbps 720p30

17. The International Multimedia Telecommunications Consortium - Porto 2013
VP8/9
§No videos ... you can find your own
§Similar in Performance to H.264/5
§It’s Free
§Genie is out of the bottle
§Must be able to connect to VP8/9 systems
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Third year to beat the drum
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19. The International Multimedia Telecommunications Consortium - Porto 2013
Assessment of Efforts Recently in VC ...
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#fail
New Video Codecs don’t change this.

20. The International Multimedia Telecommunications Consortium - Porto 2013
WW EP & Infrastructure Trends
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Endpoint Observations
- CYQ1 EP Mkt $424m
- ↓24% Q/Q & ↓11% Y/Y
- ASP ↓11% Y/Y
Infra Observations
- CYQ1 Infra Mkt $139m
- ↓34% Q/Q & ↓17% Y/Y
- ASP ↓11% Y/Y

21. The International Multimedia Telecommunications Consortium - Porto 2013
Backdrop of Explosive Video Use
§91% of US adults have cell Phone
§56% of US adults have SmartPhone
§Video calls have tripled since 2011
§... from 7% to 21% ...
§Plenty of room to grow!
§ 60% connect to internet
§ 52% send and/or receive email
§ 50% download apps
§ 49% get directions
§ 48% listen to music
§ 8% use for location check in
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Sept 19, 2013 PewResearchCenter

22. The International Multimedia Telecommunications Consortium - Porto 2013
New Video Codec Impact (H.265)
§The Good ... & Bad
w Similar perceived quality at 1/2 the BW
w Better quality all the way around
w The path to 4k
§The Ugly
w Plenty of implementation alternatives, but ...
w ... they are all TOO EXPENSIVE
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23. The International Multimedia Telecommunications Consortium - Porto 2013
New Video Codec Impact (VP8/9)
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24. The International Multimedia Telecommunications Consortium - Porto 2013
In Summary
§Next decade of Video Codecs have arrived
w But we need more than just new video codecs
w Simpler. Cheaper. It Just Works.
§Video usage (including communication) is exploding
§webRTC is the real deal
w More on this in my presentation tomorrow ;).
§Don’t count the conference room yet
w More on this in my presentation tomorrow ;).
w I’m an optimist!
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