Similar to Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs (the Theory of Human Motivation), the Pyramid / Hierarchy of Skills is suggested. It includes 5 levels: Know, Play, Work, Solve, and Invent. Another classification includes roles: Student, Apprentice, Specialist, Expert, and Craftsman. Hierarchy of competence is analysed for Unconscious / Conscious Competence / Incompetence. "The craftsman represents the special human condition of being engaged." - Richard Sennett The work is inspired by two books: - Maslow A.H. A Theory of Human Motivation - Sennett R. The Craftsman. 2008.

1. Hierarchy of Skills
I. Kokcharov
Invent
Solve
Work
Play
Know

2. Self-actualization
Esteem
Love / Belonging
Safety
Physiological
morality,
creativity,
spontaneity,
problem solving,
lack of prejudice,
acceptance of failure
self-esteem,
confidence, achievement,
respect of others, respect by others
friendship, family, sexual intimacy
security of body, of employment, of resources,
of morality, of the family, of health, of property
breathing, food, water, sex, sleep, hemostasis, excretion
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs [1]
Abraham Maslow
Picture: source Wikipedia

3. Mission
Mastery
Member
Myself
Money
Creating value
for others
self-improvement,
achievement
Member of a team
Originality + performance
Earning for personal needs
Work Motivation: M5-model I. Kokcharov © 2015

4. Skills
Skill is an ability, coming from one’s knowledge,
practice, aptitude to do something well.

5. Invent
Solve
Work
Play
Know
creating
new knowledge,
skills, products,
service; leadership
creative use of skills
to resolve problems
purposeful use of knowledge
motivational use of knowledge
acquiring basic knowledge
Hierarchy of Skills I. Kokcharov © 2015
Craftsman
Expert
Specialist
Apprentice
Student

6. Multi-level mix
Example :
business simulations [3]

7.  “The craftsman represents the special human condition of being engaged.” [4]
 “By one commonly used measure, about ten thousand hours of experience are
required to produce a master carpenter or musician.” [4]
Craftsman

8. 2%
 Maslow said only 2% of people reached the stage of self-actualization.
 The same percentage can be attributed to the highest level of the Skill Hierarchy.
Craftsman is rare species

9. Competence
Competence is the condition of being capable;
possession of required skill, knowledge,
qualification, or capacity.

10. Hierarchy of Competence Adapted from Noel Burch [5]
Unconscious
Competence Right Intuition
Right Analysis
Wrong Analysis
Wrong Intuition
Conscious
Competence
Conscious
Incompetence
Unconscious
Incompetence

11. Learning by Doing
Participating
Receiving
To work
with a coach,
Immediate
practicing
Play
Exercises,
Discussion,
Demonstration
Audiovisual
Reading
Lecture
Retention of Learning I. Kokcharov © 2015
> 75%
20% - 75%
<20%

12. Needs
Safety
Physiological
Self-
actualization
Esteem
Love / Belonging
Work Motivation
Myself
Money
Mission
Mastery
Member
Invent
Solve
Work
Play
Know
Skills
Receiving
Participating
Learning
by Doing
Learning Retention Wrong Intuition
Wrong Analysis
Right Analysis
Right
Intuition
Competence

13. 1. Maslow A.H. A Theory of Human Motivation http://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Maslow/motivation.htm
2. Kokcharov I. What motivates us to work hard?
https://aplusclick.wordpress.com/2013/01/06/what-motivates-us-to-work-hard/
3. Kokcharov I. Using Business Simulation to Analyze Project Management Decision Making. Proceeding of
45th International Simulation and Game Association Conference, Dornbirn, Austria, 2014, p.313-318.
ISBN: 978-3-7639-5420-9
4. Sennett R. The Craftsman. 2008. Penguin Books ISBN 978-0-141-02209-3
5. Noel Burch cited at Wikipedia «Four Stages of Competence»
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Four_stages_of_competence
6. Dreyfus S.E., Dreyfus H.L. "A Five-Stage Model of the Mental Activities Involved in Directed Skill
Acquisition" 1980
Bibliography