2. THREE BASIC PATTERNS IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE SUBJECT – INTRANSITIVE VERB (S I V) SUBJECT – TRANSITIVE VERB – COMPLEMENT (S T C) SUBJECT – LINKING VERB – SUBJECT COMPLEMENT (S L C)
3. UNDERSTOOD SUBJECT WHEN THE SENTENCE IS A COMMAND, THE SUBJECT IS UNDERSTOOD. CLEAN YOUR ROOM! THE UNDERSTOOD SUBJECT = “YOU”
4. VERBS INTRANSITIVE – NO COMPLEMENT TRANSITIVE – HAS A COMPLEMENT LINKING – LINKS SUBJECT WITH A COMPLEMENT
5. WHAT IS A COMPLEMENT? A complement is a word, phrase or clause which is necessary in a sentence to complete its meaning.
6. INTRANSITIVE VERBS DOES NOT NEED A COMPLEMENT TO COMPLETE THE MEANING He ran slowly. Ran does not have an object. She walked across the bridge. Walked does not have an object.
7. TRANSITIVE VERBS DOES NEED A COMPLEMENT TO COMPLETE MEANING He gave her the flowers. Gave what? flowers He mailed the letter. Mailed what? letter
8. LINKING VERBS Shows a relationship between subject and complement. The words after the verb further describe the subject in some way. Not action verbs.
9. LINKING VERBS Forms of the verb “to be” Am, Is, Is being, Are, Are being, Was, Was being, Were, Has, Has been, Have been, Will be, Will have been, Had been, Are being, Might have been
10. LINKING VERBS Forms of the verb “to become” Become, Becomes, Became, Has become, Have become, Had become, Will become, Will have become
11. LINKING VERBS Forms of the verb “to seem” Seemed, Seeming, Seems, Has seemed, Had seemed, Will seem
12. LINKING VERBS "I am glad it is Friday." Here the linking verb "am" connects the subject (I) to the state of being glad. "Laura is excited about her new bike." Here "is" describes Laura's emotional state of excitement. "My birds are hungry." The word "are" identifies that the birds currently exist in a physical state of hunger.
13. LINKING VERBS Action verbs that can be linking verbs Grow, Look, Prove, Remain, Smell, Sound, Taste, Turn, Stay, Get, Appear, Feel
14. LINKING VERBS The flowered looked wilted. Looked = linking She looked for flowers. Looked = Action (Transitive)
15. LINKING VERBS The sauce tasted delicious. Tasted = linking She tasted the sauce. Tasted = Action (transitive)
16. COMPOUND SUBJECTS / PREDICATES COMPOUND SUBJECT – WHEN MORE THAN ONE SUBJECT IS COMPLETING THE ACTION COMPOUND PREDICATE – WHEN THE SUBJECT IS DOING MORE THAN ONE THING (TWO VERBS)
17. PASSIVE / ACTIVE SENTENCES ACTIVE SENTENCE – WHEN THE “DOER” IS IN THE SUBJECT PORTION OF THE SENTENCE. DAVID PLAYED GUITAR PASSIVE SENTENCE – WHEN THE OBJECT RECEIVING THE ACTION IS LOCATED IN THE SUBJECT PORTION OF THE SENTENCE. THE GUITAR WAS PLAYED BY DAVID.
