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                                                       Stress Management and Biofeedback
                                                                   Workshop

                                                         Peripheral Temperature Biofeedback:
   Peripheral Body Heat                                 Physiology , Instrumentation and Uses




                                                          By: Dr. Ernesto Sh. Korenman, July / 2008
                      Dr. Ernesto Sh. Korenman, 2008




Body Temperature - Circulation
                                                  4
                                                                Heat Transference                                      3




                                                                          • Body heat is transferred by
                                                                            conduction, convection,
                                                                            radiation, and evaporation.
                                                                          • During exercise, evaporation
                                                                            is the main means of heat
                                                                            loss; during rest, radiation is.
                                                                          • Humans maintain a constant
                                                                            internal temperature of 36.1
                                                                                                     36.
                                                                            to 37.8 °C (97.0 to 100.0 °F).
                                                                               37.     (97.     100.
                                                                          • Higher humidity reduces
                                                                            potential evaporation and
                                                                            thus affects heat loss.
                      Dr. Ernesto Sh. Korenman, 2008                                       Dr. Ernesto Sh. Korenman, 2008




                                                  6                                                                    5
                                                               Blood Vessels structure




  Regulation of Body Heat




                      Dr. Ernesto Sh. Korenman, 2008                                       Dr. Ernesto Sh. Korenman, 2008




                                                                                                                            1
8                                                                                 7

    Neural Vasomotor Regulation                                      Regulators of Heat Exchange

                                                                  • Hypothalamus


                                                                  • Central    and peripheral thermo-receptors
                                                                                              thermo-

                                                                  • Effectors
                                                                        •   Sweat glands
                                                                        •   Smooth muscle around arterioles
                                                                        •   Skeletal muscles
                                                                        •   Endocrine glands

                            Dr. Ernesto Sh. Korenman, 2008                                                    Dr. Ernesto Sh. Korenman, 2008




                                                       10
                                                              The Hypothalamus and Hyperthermia                                           9




  Peripheral Temperature Biofeedback:
             Instrumentation




                            Dr. Ernesto Sh. Korenman, 2008                                                    Dr. Ernesto Sh. Korenman, 2008




                                                       12                                                                                11

Standalone Biofeedback Thermometers                               Temperature Biofeedback Device




                                                             • Indirect measurement of peripheral vasoconstriction.

                                                             • Fast responding probe (0.5-1 sec enough).
                                                                                     (0

                                                             • Resolution, (follow changes) than absolute
                            Dr. Ernesto Sh. Korenman, 2008   temperature accuracy (0.01-1 oF).
                                                                                     (0 01-          Dr. Ernesto Sh. Korenman, 2008




                                                                                                                                               2
14                                                             13
  Basic, (E. Green), Temperature Training
1. Discuss the rationale and answer questions to patient.

2. Explain biofeedback machine.

3. Apply the thermistor.
                                                                                  Peripheral Temperature Biofeedback:
                                                                                           Basic Methodology
4. At least 15 min of relaxation followed by warming visualization
   (for instance heaviness and warmth autogenic exercises).

5. Visualize desired changes with closed eyes.

6. Expose patient to temperature feedback (sometimes with
   autogenic affirmations.
                                                 Dr. Ernesto Sh. Korenman, 2008                                 Dr. Ernesto Sh. Korenman, 2008




                                                                            16                                                             15

     Temperature Biofeedback Session                                                       Sources of artifact

                                                                                  • Outside temperature (baseline status)

                                                                                  • Room temperature (sets lower limit)

                                                                                  • Breeze (removes heat and evaporates
                                                                                    sweat)

                                                                                  • Probe contact and “blanketing effect”


                                                 Dr. Ernesto Sh. Korenman, 2008                                 Dr. Ernesto Sh. Korenman, 2008




                                                                            18                                                             17

   Some Uses of Temperature Biofeedback                                                  Finger thermal graph


   • General relaxation

   • Headaches

   • Hypertension Control

   • Raynaud’s Disease

                                                 Dr. Ernesto Sh. Korenman, 2008                                 Dr. Ernesto Sh. Korenman, 2008




                                                                                                                                                 3
19




The End




          Dr. Ernesto Sh. Korenman, 2008




                                           4

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Ar 2008b Temperature Bfbk Physiol

  • 1. 2 Stress Management and Biofeedback Workshop Peripheral Temperature Biofeedback: Peripheral Body Heat Physiology , Instrumentation and Uses By: Dr. Ernesto Sh. Korenman, July / 2008 Dr. Ernesto Sh. Korenman, 2008 Body Temperature - Circulation 4 Heat Transference 3 • Body heat is transferred by conduction, convection, radiation, and evaporation. • During exercise, evaporation is the main means of heat loss; during rest, radiation is. • Humans maintain a constant internal temperature of 36.1 36. to 37.8 °C (97.0 to 100.0 °F). 37. (97. 100. • Higher humidity reduces potential evaporation and thus affects heat loss. Dr. Ernesto Sh. Korenman, 2008 Dr. Ernesto Sh. Korenman, 2008 6 5 Blood Vessels structure Regulation of Body Heat Dr. Ernesto Sh. Korenman, 2008 Dr. Ernesto Sh. Korenman, 2008 1
  • 2. 8 7 Neural Vasomotor Regulation Regulators of Heat Exchange • Hypothalamus • Central and peripheral thermo-receptors thermo- • Effectors • Sweat glands • Smooth muscle around arterioles • Skeletal muscles • Endocrine glands Dr. Ernesto Sh. Korenman, 2008 Dr. Ernesto Sh. Korenman, 2008 10 The Hypothalamus and Hyperthermia 9 Peripheral Temperature Biofeedback: Instrumentation Dr. Ernesto Sh. Korenman, 2008 Dr. Ernesto Sh. Korenman, 2008 12 11 Standalone Biofeedback Thermometers Temperature Biofeedback Device • Indirect measurement of peripheral vasoconstriction. • Fast responding probe (0.5-1 sec enough). (0 • Resolution, (follow changes) than absolute Dr. Ernesto Sh. Korenman, 2008 temperature accuracy (0.01-1 oF). (0 01- Dr. Ernesto Sh. Korenman, 2008 2
  • 3. 14 13 Basic, (E. Green), Temperature Training 1. Discuss the rationale and answer questions to patient. 2. Explain biofeedback machine. 3. Apply the thermistor. Peripheral Temperature Biofeedback: Basic Methodology 4. At least 15 min of relaxation followed by warming visualization (for instance heaviness and warmth autogenic exercises). 5. Visualize desired changes with closed eyes. 6. Expose patient to temperature feedback (sometimes with autogenic affirmations. Dr. Ernesto Sh. Korenman, 2008 Dr. Ernesto Sh. Korenman, 2008 16 15 Temperature Biofeedback Session Sources of artifact • Outside temperature (baseline status) • Room temperature (sets lower limit) • Breeze (removes heat and evaporates sweat) • Probe contact and “blanketing effect” Dr. Ernesto Sh. Korenman, 2008 Dr. Ernesto Sh. Korenman, 2008 18 17 Some Uses of Temperature Biofeedback Finger thermal graph • General relaxation • Headaches • Hypertension Control • Raynaud’s Disease Dr. Ernesto Sh. Korenman, 2008 Dr. Ernesto Sh. Korenman, 2008 3
  • 4. 19 The End Dr. Ernesto Sh. Korenman, 2008 4