15. Pirkko Hyvönen (Bransford, Brown & Cocking, 2000) 1. Neljä toisiaan täydentävää näkökulmaa oppimisympäristön tarkasteluun : ympäristön tulee tarjota mahdollisuuksia oppija-, tieto-, arviointi- ja yhteisökeskeisyyteen. [email_address]
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22. Ympäristö yksinään ei tuo sosiaalisuutta, emotionaalisuutta tai kognitiivisuutta: ” People and their activitie s are needed to exploit sociability potential of environment. The greater the sociability, the more likely it will result in the emergence of a sound of social space with affective relationships, strong group cohesiveness, feeling of trust, respect, belonging and satisfaction, and a strong sense of community.” (Kirschner, 2004) [email_address]
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26. Other persons “ What other persons afford comprises the whole realm of social significance for human being” (Gibson, 1979, 128) . Other persons afford a rich and complex set of interactions; communicating, designing and co-operating, but these interactions instigate various emotional states and cognitive pursuits as well. [email_address] The ZPD is defined as “a distance between the actual developmental level as determined by independent problem-solving and the level of potential development as determined through problem-solving under adult guidance or in collaboration with more capable peers” (Vygotsky, 1978, 86). The ZPD illustrates the interaction between learning and development, and focuses on interaction on a task between a more competent person or cultural tools and a less competent person (Chaiklin, 2003; Lantolf, 2000). The ZPD is comprehended as the collaborative construction of opportunities to develop cognitive, emotional, physical and social capabilities.
27. [email_address] Affordances are OF something and FOR something, where the ‘something’ refers to action (Gaver, 1996; Gibson, 1979; Jones, 2003). Affordances of social media for learning? Ymmärtämiselle? Ongelmanratkaisuille, kognitiiviselle konfliktille? Kollaboraatiolle jne.? tai Oppimiskeskeisyydelle Tietokeskeisyydelle Arviointikeskeisyydelle Yhteisökeskeisyydelle AFFORDANSSIKATEGORIAT