The purpose of a cooling water treatment programme is usually to control the issues which i outlined to some extent 2. Sourcing a a water treatment agency which offers a complete selection of scale and corrosion inhibitor formulations, biocides and ancillary tools are important to control these complaints.

1. cooling water treatment problems
The purpose of a cooling water treatment programme is usually to control the issues that we
outlined in part 2. Sourcing a a water treatment service provider that offers a total array of scale
and corrosion inhibitor formulations, biocides and ancillary tools are imperative to control these
problems.
Water Softeners
In the event the available make-up water is quite hard then elimination of most of the calcium,
which is the principal action connected with scale formation, will lessen the tendency for scale in
order to create. For large systems, treating each of the make-up water may be too expensive and
might not required. The softened water can be blended with raw water use a suitable make-up
water, see this website using a reduced tendency to form scale. Removing calcium ions is usually
completed using a base exchange water softener.
Base exchange water softeners contain ion exchange resins which, a lot more contact with water,
replace calcium ions with sodium ions. The device is fully automated using very reliable control
valves that automatically regenerate the softener, based either on the in time operation or number
of water treated. Time control is usually only suitable for intermittently operated systems and
volume control is most economical because the resin is just regenerated when almost all of its
exchange capacity is exhausted. Where soft water is required continuously or you will find there's
large demand, the softener needs to be a "duplex" design, having two exchange columns in a
way that an example may be functioning as the second is being regenerated
Chemical Dosing
Control of scale and corrosion is most commonly achieved by using chemical inhibitors. To
operate correctly, these chemicals must be maintained with the correct concentration within the
system. However, the concentration of which they are dosed somewhere must take account of
the concentration factor. Thus inside a system having a concentration factor of 4, an inhibitor
requiring 100ppm would be dosed at 25ppm from the make-up water. However, even when a
method looks after a constant concentration, the total number of make-up water added vary
according to ambient climate conditions and the strain on the system.
Accurate dosing of inhibitors is better achieved employing a system that monitors make-up water
quantity (usually from a water meter signal) and signals to a pump, the volume of chemical to
provide.
System Concentration Factor
Maintaining a constant system concentration factor is vital once and for all system control;
chemical treatments can have been recommended for the actual water chemistry as well
concentration. At the very least, variations in concentration will lead to under or higher power

2. treatment, which may make it ineffective or give an unhealthy interaction with treatment
chemicals.
Power over concentration is normally achieved by monitoring system conductivity (which can be
proportional to dissolved solids) when a pre-fixed value is reached, opening an electronically
controlled valve to remove water from system to empty,until another (lower) conductivity value is
reached when the valve will shut. This can make concentration varying between two limits with
respect to the conductivity set points. The main requirement so that the correct operation is to
clean and calibrate to conductivity probe regularly.
Biocide dosing
Control of microbial fouling is vital for 2 reasons:
a) to avoid biofilm formation that reduces system efficiency and increases scale and corrosion
rates; b) to make sure that microbial growth is controlled and proliferation of legionella is
prevented.
The dosage of oxidising biocides for example Chlorine or Bromine, is frequently controlled by
measuring the redox value of the device and dosing product to keep up a redox value that equals
a totally free chlorine or bromine concentration, in the recommended array of 0.5 - 1.0 mg/l
chlorine or 1.0 - 2.0 mg/l bromine. The redox value of the device won't directly measure chlorine
or bromine, but could be the sum of each of the reducing and oxidising species in the system. To
ensure that inside a well controlled system, increase in redox value equates to a boost in chlorine
or bromine concentration. " check this "
The fluctuations in concentration will reflect the speed of biocide addition with regards to it
capacity and recirculation. Fast dose rates will lead to greater variation throughout the target
value as shown.
Cooling System Controllers
A chance to monitor and control the different portions of a programme incorporating cooling water
treatment chemicals are answer to the successful power over the system itself. Just one controller
that is effective at monitoring redox, conductivity, water meter, and time helps it be simpler and
easier to make sure a method is operating correctly.