predictors of aggression , violence, excitement , psychoanalytic theory , humanistic theory, social learning , prevention , treatment , control of aggression , media violence
2. Definition
Aggression refers to behavior between
members that is :
ď Can be phycical or emotional.
ď Intended to cause pain or harm.
ď People can avoid such treatment or
may fight back.
3. Violence and Excitement
ď Violence : Aggression by force.
- Formed of destructive behavior that can
endanger life or produce adverse effects
on victims .
ď Excitement : â psychomotor activity in
psychiatric problem.
4. Forms Of Aggression
ď Aggresion has a defensive behavior is not
normally considered "aggression.â
ď Forms of aggression:
** Physical.
**Mental.
**Verbal.
6. Predictors Of Aggression
ď Enjoy in watching or inflicting harm.
ď Self View as Victim.
ď Childhood Deprivation.
ď Early Loss of parents.
ď Prior Violent Act.
ď Fire Setting , cruelty to animals.
7. MODELS OF AGGRESSION
ď Biological Basis of Aggression
Anatomical.
Biological.
chromosomal
ď Psychological
Psychoanalytical
Humanistic
Social Learning theory
12. Psychological Model
ď 1- Psychoanalytic Theory
ď 2- Humanistic theory.
ď 3-Social Learning Theory.
13. Psychoanalytic Theories
ď Aggression as an instinctive behavior
⌠Freudian:
* Human behavior stemmed from
interplay between two basic Instincts:
âşEros ( life , sex, reproduction).
âş Thanatos( Death ,
aggression).
14. Psychoanalytic Theories
ď Aggression developed during :
_ Oral Phase : pleasure of bitting .
_ Fixation Of Instincts (enforce toilet
training) :
_ Impaired superego.
16. Psychoanalytic Theories
ď Lorenz s view
- Fighting Instincts during evolution
to Protect Human territory.
- Direct Behavior Creativity &â
mastering.
- Love & friendship can block
aggression.
âŁoptimistic, can be rechallenged to
non injurious acts as love, friendship
17. Psychoanalytic Theories
ď Addller s View:
- Striving for Superiority.
- perfection.
ď Mc Dougall s View :( instinct)
- replace physical aggression to
sarcastic smiles, Polished insulting
words.
* If fails , individual regerss to primitive
way of behavior.
18. Humanistic Theory
ď Aggression is
1-A Product Of Frustration
2- resulting of blocking goal in life .
SO, Frustration â arousal of drive â
Harming persons or objects.
19. Humanistic Theory
Basic Concepts ( Drive theory )
- Is elicited drive depends on external factors as
pain
humiliation
loss of faith
20. Humanistic Theory
2- Frustration â Aggression theory
**Arise from deprivation from basic human
needs (Maslow).
- To Control : Accepting environment.
Fulfill basic needs.
NO humiliation.
ââ AGGRESSION is evitable
through satisfaction of basic needs.
21. Social learning Theory
ď Albert Bandura s View:
- Learned behavior .
- Reinforced by rewards.
- Not born with repertoire of aggression
- Acquired through past experience .
22. Determinants of aggression
ď SOCIAL DETERMINANTS
Frustration
Direct Provocation
Media Violence
ď Environmental Determinants.
ď Situational Determinants.
23. Social determinants
Media Violence:
ď Disinhibition .
ď Desensitization.
ď Arousal of Aggressive feeling.
ď Encouragement Of Risk Taking.
ď â exposure to violent material will âviolent
fantasies.
24. Social Determinants
ď Relies on :
1. Role Modeling .
2. Identification.
3. Human Interaction.
ď Learned By :
* Imitation.
* Reinforced
32. Television Violence
ď Has a short â term stimulation effect on
aggressive behavior.
ď Portrays the world as a more hostile place.
ď Justified Violence.
ď Cues aggressive ideas in children.
33. How aggression begins ?
ď Conditions producing aggressive
impulses.
ď Person have violent thoughts or fantasies.
ď If loose control, thoughts become acts.
34. COGNITIVE THEORY
- Obtaining , organizing and using
intellectual knowledge .
- Mental operation & store bits in memory
to be retrived.
- relies on understanding.
- Understanding the connection between
cause and effect.
35. Situational Factors
ď Sexual Arousal:
* Depend on the erotic material .
* Erotica are mild â Aggression is low.
* If Explicit ----------â Aggression is
high.
ď Pain:
*Arouse agg. Drive.
* Aggression to any target.
36. DEFINITION
⣠Forms of Aggression :
â. Tendency to be physically
assaultive : violence & force.
â. Indirect expressed hostility.
â. Verbally expressed anger.
â. Humors.
â. Rumors.