The document provides an overview of nutrition and the process of digestion. It discusses the six major nutrients - carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, and water. Carbohydrates are the body's primary source of energy and come in simple, complex, and fiber forms. Proteins are used to build and repair cells and tissues. Fats serve various purposes like cushioning organs and regulating temperature. Vitamins and minerals regulate processes and must be obtained through food. Good nutrition requires eating a variety of healthy foods to meet nutrient needs.

1. NUTRITION
The process of your body taking in
and using food.
Unit 3
Lesson 1 & 2

2. Why do we choose the foods we do?Why do we choose the foods we do?
What makes you want to eat?What makes you want to eat?
Why do we need food?Why do we need food?
What effects does food have on you?What effects does food have on you?

3. ????????????????
What makes you
want to eat
????????????????

4. Appetite vs Hunger
Appetite- A Psychological desire for
food.
Wanting dessert even when your full
Wanting fresh bread only because you
smelled it.
Hunger- Natural physical need for food
Stomach hurts, head may hurt, may feel light
headed because you need food.

5. EmotionsEmotions
What emotions cause you to eat?
Boredom
Frustration
Stress
Lonely
Sad

6. EnvironmentEnvironment
Guess the influence…
 Me and 4 other teachers went out to eat Indian food because it
is what Ms. Tressler wanted.
 My grandma grew up in Mexico so my Mom likes to make HOT
chili enchiladas.
 I do not have time to make a lunch in the mornings so I keep a
loaf of bread, peanut butter, and honey in my office.
 While I was in college I never ate out. Now I have a career and
I eat out way too much!
 Occasionally I see a commercial with something I really want
on it so the next time I’m out I’ll go out to eat there.
Make your own statement

7. We eat for a lot of reasons
The MAIN reason we eat is so our
body can get the tsneturin it needs
NUTRIENTS

8. Two Words to Know

9. Nutrients
Substances in food that your bodySubstances in food that your body
needs toneeds to FUNCTIONFUNCTION,, GROW, REPAIRGROW, REPAIR
itself and give youitself and give you ENERGYENERGY..
Every nutrient has a specific job to keep
you healthy.

10. Calorie
Calorie- The unit of heat used to measureCalorie- The unit of heat used to measure
the energy your body uses and takes inthe energy your body uses and takes in
from foodfrom food.
Consumed vs Used

11. Questions?????
What is the difference between
Nutrients and Calories?
If a food has a lot of nutrients does that
mean it has a lot of calories too? Why?

12. 6 Nutrients6 Nutrients
What are the 6 types of nutrients?
–Carbohydrates
–Proteins
–Fats
–Vitamins
–Minerals
–Water

13. CarbohydratesCarbohydrates
What is the role of carbohydrates?
3 types of Carbohydrates
What are they?
 Carbohydrates are your main source of ENERGY!
 Simple, Complex, and Fiber

14. SimpleSimple Simple carbohydratesSimple carbohydrates: provide quick energy and: provide quick energy and
usually contain less nutrients.usually contain less nutrients.
Small group of sugars
Carbohydrate is a sugar

15. Complex
Complex-Complex- StarchesStarches which are longwhich are long
chains of sugars.chains of sugars.
– Examples: grains, pasta, beans, legumes
and root veggies like potatoes.

16. Simple vs Complex Sugars
 Simple
– Glucose: the most common kind of simple sugar. Glucose
is the basic source of energy for all living things. Body
converts most sugars into glucose.
– Sucrose: commonly known as table sugar, beet sugar, or
cane sugar.
– Fructose: known as fruit sugar.
Complex
– Maltose: known as malt sugar. Found in grains.
– Lactose: commonly known as milk sugar. It is the principal
carbohydrate found in milk.

17. Difference between Simple and
Complex carbohydrates
Simple Complex
-Made of 1-2 sugars -Made of 3+
-Digests quickly -Longer to digest
-Sugars -Starches

18. Fiber
Fiber- a tough complex carbohydrate that theFiber- a tough complex carbohydrate that the
body cannot digest.body cannot digest.
.
What does Fiber do for us?
• Moves waste through your digestive system
• Helps you feel full
• Prevents certain diseases
• May reduce risk of cancer
• Examples: Potatoes, Celery, Apples, broccoli, nuts

19. 10 to 13 grams of fiber per 1,000 calories you consume.10 to 13 grams of fiber per 1,000 calories you consume.

20. A few questions about Carbs…
- Carly eats captain crunch for breakfast
in the morning with milk.She knows
she needs to eat fruits and veggies so
she adds in a few strawberries.
However, by the time she gets to
second period she is starving. Why is
this?
-What should she eat so she can last
until lunch and why?

21. ProteinsThe nutrients the body uses toThe nutrients the body uses to
build and maintain cells and tissue.build and maintain cells and tissue.
– Besides water protein makes up the
largest percentage of our body weight.
– Our hair, nails, skin, bones, muscles,
tendons and organs are made up
mainly of protein.

22. Amino Acids- The building blocksThe building blocks
of proteinsof proteins
Your body needsYour body needs 20 different amino20 different amino
acids.acids.
Your body can make all butYour body can make all but 99 of theseof these
amino acids. We call theseamino acids. We call these EssentialEssential
Amino AcidsAmino Acids because we can only getbecause we can only get
them from food our body does notthem from food our body does not
make them.make them.
The rest are calledThe rest are called NonessentialNonessential
amino acids.amino acids.

23. Sources of Protein
Eggs, meat, cheese, milk, fish, nuts,
tofu, beans
“Complete” proteins are from animal
sources. They contain all 9 essential
amino acids
Plant sources do not contain all 9
essential amino acids and are a variety
of sources must be eaten to obtain all
of them.

24. Question about Protein…
Kyle has become a vegetarian. His
friends tell him he will be missing out
on a lot of high protein foods that will
supply him with all the essential amino
acids which are important for his
growth. If you were Kyle’s doctor what
would you say to help him?

25. Proteins will also…
Help you grow when you are young
Hemoglobin is a protein that carries
oxygen in your blood
Supply some energy to your body. But
not as much and takes longer to break
down.
Clip

26. Questions…
What was the difference between the
winning team and the losing team?
Is your diet high in carbohydrates or
protein?
When you find you’re out of energy
why could that be?
What can you learn from this clip to
help your energy levels?

27. Fat
Is it bad to eat fat?
What does fat do for us?
• Concentrated form of energy
• Cushions our organs from shock
• Insulates us, keeps our body temperature
regulated.
• Absorb and transport the fat soluble vitamins ADE
and K.
Cholesterol is a waxy substance in your blood that can get stuc
.

28. Good Cholesterol and Bad
HDL: High Density Lipoproteins
– Want to be higher
– The good type of cholesterol that
LDL: Low density Lipoproteins
– Want to keep lower
– The bad type of cholesterol that can build up in o
Clip

29. Understanding Cholesterol
 A cholesterol molecule is a
lipid, which is water-insoluble.
Examples are…waxes, oils and
fats
 Because it can't dissolve in
water or watery substances like
blood, cholesterol can't move
around in the bloodstream on its own. It has to catch a
ride.
 In order to travel around the body, cholesterol combines
with protein, forming a lipoprotein (lipid + protein).
 The protein actually coats the cholesterol.

30. Water InsolubleWater Insoluble

31. Understanding Cholesterol
 However, not all lipoproteins are created equal.
 When the lipoprotein has more protein than cholesterol, it resembles a
Ferrari, gunning through your body without stopping until the cholesterol
arrives at your liver, where it's converted into bile acids. These Ferraris
are high-density lipoproteins (HDLs), which most of us just call "good"
cholesterol.
 When the lipoprotein has more cholesterol than protein, however, this
makes for a rickety ride. This low-density lipoprotein (LDL), or "bad"
cholesterol, sputters down the road, careening off the arteries, running -
into things and leaving bits all over the place.
 While the HDL Ferrari sees a pileup and nimbly speeds around it, the
LDL jalopy crashes right into it, adding to the jumble of tangled fenders
and tailpipes (or platelets and plaque).

32. HDL VS LDL
high density lipoprotein vs low density lipoprotein

33. Main Types of Fats
Unsaturated Fats-Unsaturated Fats- “Good Fats” Vegetable“Good Fats” Vegetable
oils, nuts, and seeds. Liquid at room temp.oils, nuts, and seeds. Liquid at room temp.
Saturated fats-Saturated fats- “Bad Fats”“Bad Fats”
Animal based foods,Animal based foods, meats (especially redmeats (especially red
meats), dairy, palm oil, and coconut oil.meats), dairy, palm oil, and coconut oil.
These fats are solid at room temperature.These fats are solid at room temperature.
Trans fats-Trans fats- “Worst Fats”“Worst Fats”
Fat changed throughFat changed through hydrogenationhydrogenation whichwhich
causes vegetable oils to hardencauses vegetable oils to harden. Increases. Increases
the shelf life of products. Margarine,the shelf life of products. Margarine,
cookies, crackers, and many processedcookies, crackers, and many processed
foods.foods.

36. Lesson 2
The non-energy nutrients

37. Vitamins
Compounds in food that regulate bodyCompounds in food that regulate body
processes.processes.
Fat-Soluble vitamins-Fat-Soluble vitamins- Vitamins thatVitamins that
are absorbed by fat and are stored inare absorbed by fat and are stored in
the body. (ADE and K)the body. (ADE and K)
Water-Soluble-Water-Soluble- Vitamins that areVitamins that are
dissolved in water and into the blood.dissolved in water and into the blood.
These cannot be stored in the body.These cannot be stored in the body.

38. Deficiency vs Toxicity
Deficiency: When you don’t haveDeficiency: When you don’t have
enough of a substance in your body.enough of a substance in your body.
Toxicity: When you have too much ofToxicity: When you have too much of
a substance in your body.a substance in your body.

39. Roles of Certain Vitamins
A… Helps with night vision
D… Helps use Calcium
E… Helps repair tissue
K… Helps clot blood
B1… Helps body use carbs for energy
C… Helps protect against infection

40. Minerals
 Elements found in food that are used by the
body.
 Your body cannot produce minerals so they
must be obtained from food.
 If you don’t get enough vitamins or minerals
you may develop a deficiency. (A sickness
caused by not having enough of a vitamin
or mineral.)

42. Roles of certain Minerals
Calcium… Healthy bones and teeth
Phosphorus… Produce energy
Magnesium… Muscle and Nerve functions
Iron… Helps red blood cells carry oxygen

43. Water
Water is essential for all body functions
– Digestion
– Transporting nutrients
– Storing and releasing heat
– Cooling the body through sweating
– Lubricating Joints
8 Glasses of water a day!!!!!!!!!!!!!

44. Good Nutrition
In order to have good nutrition it’s not
just about avoiding the bad things, but
eating the right things.

45. Main Idea Educational Billboard
Come up with a main idea from the lessons.
Write your main idea on the board so we
don’t have repeats
Make a billboard of one 8x11 paper or word
document.
– 2+ sizes of font
– Explains/States a main idea of the lesson
– Eye Catching/Interesting

47. Insulin is the KEY and opensInsulin is the KEY and opens
the door for glucose to be usedthe door for glucose to be used
in our cells.in our cells.

48. WhenWhen GlucoseGlucose Levels Spike….Levels Spike….
Free Fatty Acids can’t dig it.Free Fatty Acids can’t dig it.

49. Activity
 Get into a group of 2-4
 In your group write a quiz of 15 questions
from chapter 10 and what we talked about
today.
 Write the answers on the back of the quiz.
 Trade quizzes with all members in your
group and take each others quiz.
 If you miss any questions mark it wrong and
circle the response on the back.
 TF, Multiple Choice, short answer, compare
or contrast, fill in the blank.

50. Scavenger Hunt (Creativity)
With your team of 2-3 you are going to create or find
items to be an example of 10 terms or main ideas
from the lesson. You can use whatever example
you’d like as long as you can support very strongly
why that item could represent that term. Split up the
items and be prepared to explain each item.
Show me…
-List of 10 terms
-Picture of 10 examples
-Verbally tell me how they relate

51. Assignment
Page 257 1-4
Page 265 1-4
Page 284 1-5, 10-16