1. Topic 3
INTERNET TECHNOLOGY
3.2 The Internet
3.2.1 Overview of the Internet
3.2.1.2 The Internet Connection
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2. Learning Outcome
At the end of this topic, students should be able to:
• Describe various broadband and dial-up
connections.
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3. Topic Recall
 What is Network?
• A network is a collection of computers and
devices connected together via
communications devices and transmission
media.
 What is Internet?
• The Internet is a worldwide collection of
networks that links millions of businesses,
government agencies, educational institutions,
and individuals.
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4. The Use of Internet
 What Can We Use the Internet For?
• View web pages on the WWW (World-Wide Web).
• Sending and receiving e-mail messages.
• Sharing files.
• Communicating using voice (VOIP) and video
(video-conferencing).
• Playing multi-player games.
• Listening to streamed music or watching streamed
video.
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5. Connecting to the Internet
 REVISE BACK !!! (SLIDE 5- 11)
 Components required for successful
communications system:
Communications Transmission
Devices Media
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6. Connecting to the Internet
 Communications Devices:
• Hardware component that enables a computer to
send (transmit) and receive data, instructions, and
information to and from one or more computers.
Communications Devices
Physical Channel
Dial-Up Modem Telephone line
Digital Modems: Digital line
• DSL Modem (Digital Subscriber Modem/Wired
Line)
• Cable Modem
Wireless Modems Cellular network
Wireless Access Points Wireless Wired network
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7. Connecting to the Internet
 Communications Devices:
Cable Modem
Dial-up Modem
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8. Connecting to the Internet
 Communications Devices:
Wireless Access Point
Wireless Modem
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9. Connecting to the Internet
 Transmission Media: Transmission Media
• Materials or Physical/Wired Wireless
substances Cable: Infrared
capable of • Twisted-Pair Cable Broadcast Radio (radio
carrying one or • Coaxial Cable signals):
more signals in a • Fiber-Optic Cable • Bluetooth
communications • Wi-Fi (wireless fidelity),
• WiMAX (Worldwide
channel. Interoperability for Microwave
Access)
Cellular Radio:
• 2G
• 3G
• 4G
Microwaves
Communications Satellite
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10. Physical Transmission Media
Twisted-pair cable
Fiber-optic cable
Coaxial cable
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11. Wireless Transmission Media
Cellular Radio
Communications Satellite
Microwaves 11

12. Connecting to the Internet
 The basic differences between dial-up and
broadband connection is the manner in which
the connection is made.
 Types of Internet Connection/Internet Access:
Dial-up Broadband
connection Connection
(Low-speed) (High-speed)
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13. Connecting to the Internet
 Many home and small business users connect to
the Internet via high-speed broadband Internet
service and dial-up connection.
Broadband Connection (High-Speed) Dial-Up Connection (Low-Speed)
• Cable Internet Service • Dial-Up Connection
• DSL (Digital Subscriber Line)
• Fiber to the Premises (FTTP)
• Fixed Wireless
• Cellular Radio Network
• Wi-Fi
• Satellite Internet Service
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14. Connecting to the Internet
 Broadband is a high-speed Internet connection provided
through DSL, cable, fiber, radio signals, or satellite.
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15. Connecting to the Internet
 Dial-up Internet access is a type of Internet connectivity
that operates through a standard telephone line. By
running the telephone line to a modem device in the
personal computer, and configuring the computer to dial
a specific phone number, the computer is granted
Internet access.
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16. Connecting to the Internet
 High-speed Broadband Internet Service:
Broadband Connection (High-Speed)
• Cable Internet • Provides high-speed Internet access through the
Service cable television network via a cable modem.
• Its provided by cable television companies using
their existing television cable.
• Provides high-speed Internet connections using
regular copper telephone lines.
• Internet service makes its connection by utilizing
• DSL (Digital unused telephone wires that cause no
Subscriber Line) interruption to your telephone service.
• The speed with a DSL connection varies with your
distance from the switching station. Your speed
will be slower the further away you are and
faster the closer you are to the switching station
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17. Connecting to the Internet
 High-speed Broadband Internet Service:
Broadband Connection (High-Speed)
• Fiber to the • Uses fiber-optic cable to provide high-
Premises speed Internet access to home and
(FTTP) business users.
• Fixed Wireless • Provides high-speed Internet connections
using a dish-shaped antenna on your
house or business to communicate with a
tower location via radio signals.
• Cellular Radio Network • Offers high-speed Internet connections to
devices with built-in compatible
technology or computers with wireless
modems.
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18. Connecting to the Internet
 High-speed Broadband Internet Service:
Broadband Connection (High-Speed)
• Wi-Fi (Wireless Fidelity) • Network uses radio signals to
provide high-speed Internet
connections to compatible or
properly equipped wireless
computers and devices.
• Satellite Internet Service • Provides high-speed Internet
connections via satellite to a
satellite dish that communicates
with a satellite modem.
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19. Connecting to the Internet
 Low-speed Internet Service:
Dial-Up Connection (Low-Speed)
• Dial-Up Connection • Dial-up access takes place when the
modem in your computer connects
to the Internet via a standard
telephone line that transmits data
and information using an analog
(continuous wave pattern) signal.
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20. Data Transfer Rate in the
Internet Connection
 What is Data Transfer Rate?
• Data transfer rate, is the speed at which data can be
transmitted between devices.
(refer to how fast you are downloading file OR how fast
your Internet Connection)
• The data transfer rate of a device is often expressed in
kilobits or megabits per second, abbreviated as kbps and
mbps respectively.
• It might also be expressed in kilobytes or megabytes, or
KB/sec and MB/sec.
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21. Data Transfer Rate in the
Internet Connection
 The Data Transfer Rate:
• 1,024 bits = 1 kilobit (Kb)
• 8 kb = 1 kilobyte (KB)
• 128 KB = 1 megabit (Mb)
• 8 mb = 1 megabyte (MB)
• 1,024 KB = 1 megabyte (MB)
• 128 MB = 1 gigabit (Gb)
• 8 gb = 1 gigabyte (GB)
• 1,024 MB = 1 gigabyte (GB)
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22. Relationship of Internet Connection
Relationship between various types of Internet Connections with transmission media, communication devices, ISP and data transfer rate
Internet Connection Transmission Media Communication Devices ISP Data Transfer Rates
Cable Internet Physical: Cable Cable Modem Astro: 128 Kbps to 52 Mbps
Service Wireless: Communication Dish-Shaped Antenna: Astro TV
Satellite (MEASAT Satellite) (Satellite dish) Astro B.yond IPTV
DSL (Digital Physical: Cable Network Interface Card (NIC) TMNet: 128 Kbps to 8.45 Mbps
Subscriber Line) Wireless: Wireless Adapter Card Streamyx
Broadcast Radio (Wi-Fi) Wireless Access Point
Fiber to the Physical: Cable Modem (BTU: TM Unifi 5 Mbps to 100 Mbps
Premises (FTTP) Fiber-Optic Cable Broadband Termination Unit)
Wireless Access Point:
(ResidentialGateway:RG)
Fixed Wireless Radio signals Dish-Shaped Antenna: (Satellite 256 Kbps to 10 Mbps
dish)
Tower Location
Cellular Radio Cellular Radio: Wireless Modem Celcom, Maxis, 2G: 9.6 Kbps to 19.2 Kbps
Network High-frequency radio Yes, P1 3G: 144 Kbps to 2.4 Mbps
waves (2G, 3G & 4G) 4G: Up to 15 Mbps
Wi-Fi (Wireless Wireless: •Wireless Adapter Card TMNet Hotspots, 802.11 Series of Standards:
Fidelity) Broadcast Radio (Wi-Fi) •Wireless Access Point P1, Yes • 802.11: 1 to 2 Mbps
• 802.11a: Up to 54 Mbps
• 802.11b: Up to 11 Mbps
• 802.11g: 54 Mbps & higher
• 802.11n: 108 Mbps & higher
Satellite Internet Satellite Satellite modem 1 Gbps
Satellite dish
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Service

23. Low-Speed :
Relationship between various types of Internet Connections with transmission media, communication devices, ISP and
data transfer rate
Internet Transmission Media Communication Devices ISP Data Transfer Rates
Connection
Dial-Up Physical: Telephone (Dial-Up) Telekom Limited to 56 Kbps
Connection Cable Modem Malaysia
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24. Data transfer rate (Ex:overseas)
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