Compilation of the different earth-related science facts, news, trivia, and discoveries.

1. EARTH
WATCH

4. PURPLE

5. PURPLE EARTH

6. instead of this ^^^

7. was once like this ^^^

9. Why would Chlorophyll have this
dip in the area that has the most
energy?
- Shil DasSarma of University of Maryland

10. It could be because chlorophyll
came into being after another
light-sensitive molecule.
- Shil DasSarma of University of Maryland

12. - Ancient microbes used retinal to harness sun's
energy and might have dominated early earth giving
our planet a dominant purple color before.

13. Chlorophyll was forced to make use of blue
and red light since all the green light was
absorbed by the purple membrane-
containing organisms.
- William Sparks, astronomer of Space
Telescope Science Institute

14. Scientists assume that both kinds of molecules coexisted in a certain
period of time but chlorophyll got the upper hand, resulting to green
overtaking purple.

17. References:
http://www.dawn.com/news/884245/cover-
storyonce-upona-purple-earth
http://www.livescience.com/1398-early-earth-purple-
study-suggests.html

26. A very popular device used
to create high pressure
The device has been used to
recreate the pressure existing
deep inside planets, creating
materials and phases not
observed under normal
conditions.

27. The researchers put samples
of ferropericlase (found in the
mantle) in the diamond anvil
cell.

28. Ferropericlase A
Diamond Anvil Cell (DAC)
Ferropericlase B

30. What did they find?
- 410 miles underneath the
Earth’s surface
- Found in the boundary of
Lower and upper mantle
- 930 miles underneath
the Earth’s surface
- Found in the lower part
of lower mantle
Viscosity in B is increased threefold than in A.
The stiffness in B is 300x greater than the stiffness in A.

31. 0.001
200

32. 1,000 billion billion
or
10^21

33. Illustration of a slab of rock sinking through the upper
mantle above, through the boundary between the upper
and lower mantle at 410 miles depth, then stalling and
pooling at a depth of 930 miles.

34. WHY THE PLANET’S CONVEYOR BELT
HANGS UP 930 MILES DEEP

37. Howard, J. (2015, March 24). Geologists May Have Just Discovered
A New Layer Of Earth’s Mantle. Retrieved from
http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2015/03/24/new-layer-
earth- mantle_n_6926730.html
Griggs, M. B. (2015, March 25) Earth Has A Layer No One Knew
About. Retrieved from http://www.popsci.com/earths-mantle-
has-stiff-layer-no-one-knew-about

38. www.sciencedaily.com
www.forbes.com
en.wikipedia.org
volcanoes4.wikispaces.com
denversouthedp.org
serc.carleton.edu
pubs.rsc.org
www.mindat.org
volcano.oregonstate.edu
volcanoes4.wikispaces.com

53. MATRIXMATRIX
the

54. MELANCHOLIA

56. APOCALYPS

57. dates

58. 66-70 CE

59. 29, 2016
July

61. •
•
•
•

62. jean-pierre valet, institute of earth physics of paris
Monika Korte, GFZ Potsdam in Germany

67. Magnetic reversals
may…
-cause biblical floods
-lead to exinction events

69. •Cosmic rays and the solar wind are
harmful to life on Earth, and without
the protection of our magnetosphere,
our planet would be constantly
bombarded by a stream of deadly
particles.
•Damage to DNA, retinas, risk of cancer

70. •The sun’s natural wind is so
powerful, it can easily rip gasses out
of a planet’s atmosphere until there
is little gas left at all.
•Solar wind to evaporate water
forms and take the air we breathe

71. the
end.

72. sources•http://magneticreversal.org/
•http://futurism.com/6-horrible-consequences-earth-
losing-magnetic-field/ (6 Horrible Consequences of
Earth Losing its Magnetic Field Feb 15, 2015)
•http://www.livescience.com/18426-earth-magnetic-
poles-flip.html
•http://maps.ngdc.noaa.gov/viewers/historical_declinat
ion/
•https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vJKTLuvGAU4

74. Science News:
Veins on Mars were formed by
evaporating ancient lakes
Hazzelle Mae P. Villedo
10-Einstein
Group 3 Yellow

75. Gale Crater
- Where NASA decided to explore
because of the mountain of
layered materials in the middle
called central mound

77. 3.6 billion years ago

78. 3.6 billion years ago

79. Scientists chose Gale crater
as a landing site for Curiosity
- because it has
many signs that
water was present
over its history
- clay and sulfate
minerals are
found in the crater

80. Exploration:
November 26, 2011 - Curiosity Rover was launched
August 6, 2012 – the rover landed on the Gale Crater
December 2012 – an extensive soil analysis of Martian
Soil was performed by Curiosity
September 26, 2013 – Curiosity detected water in soil
samples at the Rocknest region of Aeolis Palus in Gale
December 9, 2014 – organic chemicals were detected
in powder drilled from a rock
October 8, 2015 – NASA confirmed that lakes and
streams existed in Gale 3.8 billion years ago

81. Mineral Veins on Mars
- Made up of silica and sulfate

83. -The study suggests that the veins formed
as the sediments from the ancient lake
were buried and heated to about 50
degrees Celsius then evaporated
-The mineral veins are full of sulfur
-The mineral vein formation was found to
be high in sodium, potassium and silicon

84. Drill Holes

85. References:
• www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article
-3725585/Mystery-Mars-mineral-veins-
solved.html
• https://sciencedaily.com