Weitere ähnliche Inhalte Mehr von Hanaa Ahmed (20) Kürzlich hochgeladen (20) تاريخ الحاسب عام 20111. اﻵﻟﻰ ﻟﻠﺤﺎﺳﺐ اﻟﺘﺎرﯾﺨﻰ اﻟﺘﻄﻮﯾﺮ ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ
اﻋﺪاد اﻟﺘﺮﺑﻮى اﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻣﻨﺎھﺞ/اﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮر اﻻﺳﺘﺎذ اﺷﺮاف ﺗﺤﺖ اﺑﺮاھﯿﻢ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﺣﻤﺪ ھﻨﺎء/اﻟﻨﻤﺮ ﻣﺪﺣﺖPage1١
اﻻﺣﺪاث واھﻢ اﻟﺘﻔﺎﺻﯿﻞاﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎء اھﻢاﻟﺴﻨﺔاﻟﻘﺮن
ﺗﻄﻮر ﺛﻢ واﻟﺤﺴﺎب اﻟﻌﺪد ﻟﻤﻌﺮﻓﺔ اﻟﺤﺼﻰ اﺗﺨﺬ اﻻﻧﺴﺎن ﻛﺎن
اﻟﺤﺎﺳﺒﺔ اﻟﻤﺴﻄﺮة ﺛﻢ ﺣﻠﻘﺎت ﻋﺸﺮ ﻓﯿﮭﺎ ﻣﻌﻠﻖ ﺧﯿﻮط ﺑﮫ ﺧﺸﺒﻰ اﻟﻰ ﺣﺎﺳﺐ ﺟﮭﺎز اول ان اﻟﺼﯿﻦ ﻓﻰ
اﻟﺒﺪﺋﻰ اﻻﻧﺴﺎن٥٠٠ﻋﺎماﻟﻤﯿﻼد ﻗﺒﻞ ﻣﺎ
اﻟﻘﺮن١٠
اﻟﯿﺪوي اﻟﻌﺪاد:ﺑﺪأاﻟﯿﺪ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺪاد ذﻟﻚﻣﻨﺬ اﺧﺘﺮع اﻟﺬي وي١٥٠٠اﻷﺑﯿﺾ اﻟﺒﺤﺮ ﺣﻀﺎرات ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎماﻟﻘﺪﯾﻤﺔ.اﻟﺠﻤﻊ ﺟﮭﺎزﺑﺪاﯾﺔاﻟﻘﺮن١٦
(Pascaline)
ﺑﺎﺳﻜﺎل ﺑﻼﯾﺰBlaise Pascal١٦٤٢
اﻟﺒﻄﺎﻗﺎت ﻣﻦ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ اﻵﻟﺔ ھﺬه ﻓﻲﻓﻲ ﺗﺘﺤﻜﻢ اﻟﻤﺜﻘﻮﺑﺔ
اﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮب اﻟﺸﻜﻞ وﯾﻨﺘﺞ اﻟﻨﻮل أﺟﺰاء ﺣﺮﻛﺔ"ﻧﻈﺮﯾﺎت ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ھﻨﺎ وﻣﻦاﻵﻟﯿﺔ اﻟﺤﺎﺳﺒﺎت" .
اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻢﻟﯿﺒﻨﺘﺰ اﻷﻟﻤﺎﻧﻲ١٧٣٢اﻟﻘﺮن١٧
اﻟﺤﺮﯾﺮ ﻟﻨﺴﺞ ﺑﺮﻣﺠﺔ آﻟﺔ ﺑﺘﻄﻮﯾﺮ،ﻣﻦ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ اﻵﻟﺔ ھﺬه ﻓﻲ
(Joseph
Marie Jacquard)
١٨٠٤اﻟﻘﺮن١٨
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2. اﻵﻟﻰ ﻟﻠﺤﺎﺳﺐ اﻟﺘﺎرﯾﺨﻰ اﻟﺘﻄﻮﯾﺮ ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ
اﻋﺪاد اﻟﺘﺮﺑﻮى اﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻣﻨﺎھﺞ/اﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮر اﻻﺳﺘﺎذ اﺷﺮاف ﺗﺤﺖ اﺑﺮاھﯿﻢ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﺣﻤﺪ ھﻨﺎء/اﻟﻨﻤﺮ ﻣﺪﺣﺖPage1٢
اﻟﺒﻄﺎﻗﺎتاﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮب اﻟﺸﻜﻞ وﯾﻨﺘﺞ اﻟﻨﻮل أﺟﺰاء ﺣﺮﻛﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺗﺘﺤﻜﻢ اﻟﻤﺜﻘﻮﺑﺔ"ﻧﻈﺮﯾﺎت ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ھﻨﺎ وﻣﻦاﻟﺤﺎﺳﺒﺎت
ﺑﺘﺼﻤﯿﻢ ﺑﺎﺑﺎج ﺷﺎرﻟﺰ ﻗﺎماﻟﺤﺴﺎﺑﯿ اﻟﻌﻤﻠﯿﺎت إﺟﺮاء ﯾﻤﻜﻨﮭﺎ ﺣﺎﺳﺒﺔ آﻟﺔﺔ
ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ وﻃﺒﻊ ﺑﮭﺎ اﻷرﻗﺎم وﺗﺨﺰﯾﻦﻣﯿﻜﺎﻧﯿﻜﻲ وﺳﺎﺋﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻌﺘﻤﺪ اﻵﻟﺔ ھﺬه وﻛﺎﻧﺖ أوراق
ﺑﺎﺑﺎج ﺷﺎرﻟﺰ(Charles Babbage١٨٢٢اﻟﻘﺮن١٨
Charles Babbage١٨٣٢
اﻟ ﺗﺸﺒﺔ اﻻﻟﺔ وھﺬه ﺑﺎﻟﺒﺨﺎر ﺗﻌﻤﻞ اﻟﮫ اﻟﻰ ﺣﺎﺳﺒﺔ اﻟﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺘﻄﻮﯾﺮ ﺑﺪاتﻜذاﻛﺮة ﻋﻠﻰ وﺗﺤﺘﻮى ﻤﺒﯿﻮﺗﺮ١٨٣٣
اﻻ ﺗﺨﺰﯾﻦ ﻟﻜﻰ اﻻﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﻄﻮﯾﺮ ﺛﻢواﻻﺧﺮاج اﻻدﺧﺎل وﺣﺪاﺗﻰ ذاﻛﺮة رﻗﺎماﻟﺤﺴﺎب وﺣﺪة ﺗﺴﻤﻰ واﺣﺪة ﻣﺮة اﻟﺒﯿﺎﻧﺎت
واﻟﻤﻨﻄﻖ
١٨٤٢
ﻓﻘﻂ ﻋﻠﯿﺎت ﺛﻼﺛﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺠﺒﺮﯾﺔ اﻟﻌﻤﻠﯿﺎت واﻗﺘﺼﺮت ﺑﻮوت ﺟﻮل ﻇﮭﺮ)AND- Not - OR(
ﺣﯿﺚ اﻟﺠﺒﺮ ﻋﻠﻢ ﻣﻦ ﻓﺮع ﺑﺎﺧﺘﺮاعأو أﺣﺮف أو أرﻗﺎم ﺳﻮاء اﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت ﻟﺠﻤﯿﻊ ﯾﻤﻜﻦﺗﻌﺮ أن ﺣﻘﺎﺋﻖ أو ﻛﺎﺋﻨﺎتﻛﺤﺎﻟﺔ ف
اﺛﻨﯿﻦ ﻣﻦ:ﺧﻄﺄ أو ﺻﺤﯿﺢ إﻣﺎ،ﻻ أو ﻧﻌﻢ،ﻣﻔﺘﻮحﻣﻐﻠﻖ أو،أﺻﻔﺎر و وﺣﺪات،ﺟﻤﯿﻊ ﺗﺼﻨﯿﻒ ﻓﻜﺮة وﺗﺴﻤﻰ
ﻓﻘﻂ ﺻﻨﻔﯿﻦ إﻟﻰ اﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت"اﻟﺜﻨﺎﺋﯿﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﻔﺮة"إﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧﯿﺔ ﻧﺒﻀﺎت إﻟﻰ اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﺎﺋﻲ اﻟﻤﺠﺎل ﻓﻲ ﺗﺘﺮﺟﻢ وھﺬهإﻣﺎأو ﻣﺸﻐﻞ
ﻣﻨﻄﻔﺊ.George Boole
ﺟﻮرج اﻟﺒﺮﯾﻄﺎﻧﻲ اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻢﺑﻮولBoole١٨٥٤
اﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﻰ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﯿﺎﻧﻮ وﺳﻤﯿﺖ اﻟﺠﺒﺮ ﻋﻤﻠﯿﺎت ﻋﻠﻰ اﻻﻟﺔ ھﺬه واﻋﺘﻤﺪت ﻧﻄﻖ اﻟﺔ اول اﻧﺸﺎWilliam Javors١٨٦٩
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3. اﻵﻟﻰ ﻟﻠﺤﺎﺳﺐ اﻟﺘﺎرﯾﺨﻰ اﻟﺘﻄﻮﯾﺮ ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ
اﻋﺪاد اﻟﺘﺮﺑﻮى اﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻣﻨﺎھﺞ/اﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮر اﻻﺳﺘﺎذ اﺷﺮاف ﺗﺤﺖ اﺑﺮاھﯿﻢ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﺣﻤﺪ ھﻨﺎء/اﻟﻨﻤﺮ ﻣﺪﺣﺖPage1٣
(Punched Cards)
(International
Business Machines)(IBM)
ھﻮﻟﯿﺮﯾﺚHollerith
١٨٧٩
Herman Hollerith
Herman Hollerith١٨٨٠
اﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت ﻹدﺧﺎل ﻣﺜﻘﻮﺑﺔ ﺑﻄﺎﻗﺎت اﺳﺘﺨﺪام,ﻓﺼﻤﻢﺷﺮﻃﺔ أﺳﺲ ﺛﻢ وﺑﻨﺎھﺎ اﻟﻤﺒﺪأ ھﺬا ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻌﻤﻞ ﺟﺪوﻟﺔ آﻟﺔ ھﻮﻟﯿﺮﯾﺚ
وﺑﯿﻊ ﺗﺼﻨﯿﻊاﻵﻻت ھﺬه
ﺑﯿﻠﯿﻨﺠﺰ ﻣﺪﯾﺮه١٨٩٠
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4. اﻵﻟﻰ ﻟﻠﺤﺎﺳﺐ اﻟﺘﺎرﯾﺨﻰ اﻟﺘﻄﻮﯾﺮ ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ
اﻋﺪاد اﻟﺘﺮﺑﻮى اﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻣﻨﺎھﺞ/اﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮر اﻻﺳﺘﺎذ اﺷﺮاف ﺗﺤﺖ اﺑﺮاھﯿﻢ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﺣﻤﺪ ھﻨﺎء/اﻟﻨﻤﺮ ﻣﺪﺣﺖPage1٤
اﻟﻤﻠﯿﻮﻧ اﺳﻢ ﻋﻠﯿﮭﺎ واﻃﻠﻖ اﻻﻋﺪاد ﻟﻀﺮب اوﺗﻮﻣﺎﺗﯿﯿﺔ اﻟﺔ اولﯿﺮ
Otto stogie's١٨٩٣
اﻟﺮدادﯾﻮ اﺷﺎرات وﺗﻜﺸﻒ ﻣﻔﺮغ ﺻﻤﺎم اولLee Deforest١٩٠٧١٩
IBMComputing –
Tabulating – Recording
C-T-RIBM ( International Business
Machine
IBM١٩١١
اﻟﻤﻔﺎﺟﻰء اﻟﺘﻐﯿﺮ داﺋﺮة ﺗﺴﻤﻰ ﻛﮭﺮﺑﺎﺋﯿﺔ داﺋﺮة اولFlipﻧﻈﺎم وھﻮ))٠،١) ((ON - Off(
اﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت ﻟﺘﺨﺰﯾﻦ اﻻﻋﺪاد ﻓﻰ
Ecdes & Jordan
١٩١٩
اﻟﻰ ﺣﺎﺳﺐ اول ﻇﮭﻮرAnalogﻓﻰ واﺳﺘﺨﺪم ﻓﻘﻂ واﺣﺪ ﻟﻐﺮض ﯾﺴﺘﺨﺪ اﻟﺬىﺑﺎﻟﻤﺤﻠﻞ وﺳﻰ اﻟﺘﻔﺎﺻﻠﯿﺔ اﻟﻤﻌﺎدﻻت
اﻟﺘﻔﺎﺿﻠﻰ
١٩٢٤
اﻟﺤﺎﺳﺒﺎت ﻓﻰ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﯿﺔ اﻻﺑﺤﺎث اﺳﺎس ھﻮ اﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ھﺬا وان اﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧﻰ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ اولEckerd١٩٣٣
ﻧﻄﻖ اﻟﮫ اﺧﺘﺮﻋﺖMachinelogicاﻻﻟﺔ ﻛﺎﻣﺘﺪادTuringوﺷﺮحاﻟﻤﻔﺘﺮ اﻟﻜﻤﺒﯿﻮﺗﺮ ﻃﺮﯾﻘﮭﺎ ﻋﻦاﻟﺤﻘﯿﻘﺔ اﻻرﻗﺎم ض١٩٣٦
John Vincent AtanasoffJohn Vincent Atanasof
ABC
John Vincent Atanasoff
John Vincent Atanasof
١٩٣٧
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5. اﻵﻟﻰ ﻟﻠﺤﺎﺳﺐ اﻟﺘﺎرﯾﺨﻰ اﻟﺘﻄﻮﯾﺮ ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ
اﻋﺪاد اﻟﺘﺮﺑﻮى اﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻣﻨﺎھﺞ/اﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮر اﻻﺳﺘﺎذ اﺷﺮاف ﺗﺤﺖ اﺑﺮاھﯿﻢ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﺣﻤﺪ ھﻨﺎء/اﻟﻨﻤﺮ ﻣﺪﺣﺖPage1٥
اﻟﻤﻘﺎرﻧﺔﻣﻨﻄﻖ ﺑﯿﻦﻧﻈﺮﯾﺔ ووﻟﺪت اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﺎﺋﯿﺔ اﻟﺪواﺋﺮ وﻣﻔﺎﺗﯿﺢ ﺑﻮﻟﯿﺎن ﺟﺒﺮShannon١٩٣٧
ﻇﮭﺮتاﻟﻌﺎﻟﻢ ﻓﻰ اﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت ﻧﻈﺮﯾﺔShannon١٩٣٨
ﻇﮭﺮاولﻛﻤﺒﯿﻮﺗﺮdigital
واﺳﺘﺨﺪﻣﺖاﻟﻤﻔﺮﻏﺔ اﻟﺼﺎﻣﺎت(Anta scoff , Berry & corny)ABC
١٩٣٩
ﻇﮭﻮرﻟﻼﻏﺮاض ﺣﺎﺳﺐ اولZ- 3اﻟﻤﺜﻘﺒﺔ اﻻﻗﻼم ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﻟﺒﺮﻣﺠﺔ وﺗﻤﺖ
Konrad Zuse١٩٤١
ﻇﮭﺮتاولﺟﮭﺎزاﻧﺠﻠﯿﺰى ﺣﺎﺳﺐ
)اﻟﺠﻨﺴﯿﺔ(
١٩٤٣
ﻇﮭﺮاولﺣاﻣﺮﯾﻜﻰ ﺎﺳﺐMark١٩٤٤
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6. اﻵﻟﻰ ﻟﻠﺤﺎﺳﺐ اﻟﺘﺎرﯾﺨﻰ اﻟﺘﻄﻮﯾﺮ ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ
اﻋﺪاد اﻟﺘﺮﺑﻮى اﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻣﻨﺎھﺞ/اﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮر اﻻﺳﺘﺎذ اﺷﺮاف ﺗﺤﺖ اﺑﺮاھﯿﻢ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﺣﻤﺪ ھﻨﺎء/اﻟﻨﻤﺮ ﻣﺪﺣﺖPage1٦
ﺗﻌﺪﯾﻞMark1- Mark11اﻟﻌﻄﻞ ﺳﺒﺐ ﯾﻜﺘﺸﻒ ﻟﻢ وﻟﻜﻨﺔMark١٩٤٥
ENIAC
ENIAC
Mauchly
ABCENIAC
ENIAC
John MauchlyJ. Presper
Eckert
١٩٤٦
William ShockleyWalter Bratton
John Bardeenr
Core memory
Whirl
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7. اﻵﻟﻰ ﻟﻠﺤﺎﺳﺐ اﻟﺘﺎرﯾﺨﻰ اﻟﺘﻄﻮﯾﺮ ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ
اﻋﺪاد اﻟﺘﺮﺑﻮى اﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻣﻨﺎھﺞ/اﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮر اﻻﺳﺘﺎذ اﺷﺮاف ﺗﺤﺖ اﺑﺮاھﯿﻢ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﺣﻤﺪ ھﻨﺎء/اﻟﻨﻤﺮ ﻣﺪﺣﺖPage1٧
wind
comput
er
ﯾﻮﻧﯿﻔﺎكUNIVAC :
آﻟﻲ ﺣﺎﺳﺐ أﺷﮭﺮاﻟﺘ اﻟﺘﻄﻮرات آﺧﺮ ﯾﺴﺘﺨﺪم ﻛﺎن اﻟﺘﺎرﯾﺦ ﻓﻲوﺷﺮﯾﻂ ﻜﻨﻮﻟﻮﺟﯿﺔﻣﻐﻨﺎﻃﯿﺴﻲ
ﻛﺒﯿﺮة ﺳﺮﻋﺔ ذواﻟﺤﺮب ﺑﻌﺪ ﻣﻮر ﻛﻠﯿﺔ وإﯾﻜﺮت ﻣﻮﻛﻠﻲ ﺗﺮك اﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت وﺗﺨﺰﯾﻦ ﻹدﺧﺎل
اﻟﺜﺎﻧﯿﺔ اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﯿﺔاﻷﻣﺮﯾﻜﯿﺔ اﻟﺪوﻟﺔ ﻣﺴﺘﻮى ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﺒﯿﺮة دھﺸﺔ ﺳﺒﺐ وﻗﺪ ﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﺘﮫ ﻟﻠﺘﻔﺮغ
اﺳﺘﻄﺎع ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎﺑﺎﻟﻔﺎﺋﺰ اﻟﺘﻨﺒﺆﻋﺎم ﺑﺎﻻﻧﺘﺨﺎﺑﺎت1952ﯾﺴﺘﻄﯿﻊ اﻟﺠﮭﺎز أن اﻟﻨﺎس وﻇﻦ م
اﻟﺘﻔوﻟﻜﻨﮫ ﻜﯿﺮﺛﻨﺎﺋﯿﺔ ﺑﺸﻔﺮات إﻟﯿﮫ اﻟﻤﺪﺧﻠﺔ اﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت ﯾﻌﺎﻟﺞ ﻛﺎن
UNIVAC
اﺳﺎساﻟﻤﺼﻐﺮة اﻟﺒﺮﻣﺠﺔ ﻓﻜﺮةMicroprogrammingدﻟﯿﻞ وھﻰاﻟﺘﺼﻤﯿﻢ ﻓﻦًWilkes
اﺳﺘﺨﺪاماﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﺎﺋﯿﺔ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ
اﺳﺘﺨﺪاماﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ ھﺬا وﺳﻤﻰ اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ اﻻﻏﺮاض ذات اﻟﺤﺎﺳﺒﺎت ﻓﻰ اﻟﺘﺮاﻧﺰﺳﺘﻮرTropic
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8. اﻵﻟﻰ ﻟﻠﺤﺎﺳﺐ اﻟﺘﺎرﯾﺨﻰ اﻟﺘﻄﻮﯾﺮ ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ
اﻋﺪاد اﻟﺘﺮﺑﻮى اﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻣﻨﺎھﺞ/اﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮر اﻻﺳﺘﺎذ اﺷﺮاف ﺗﺤﺖ اﺑﺮاھﯿﻢ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﺣﻤﺪ ھﻨﺎء/اﻟﻨﻤﺮ ﻣﺪﺣﺖPage1٨
اﻟﻌﻤﻠﯿﺎت ﻓﻰ اﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ اﺳﺘﺨﺪام
اﻟﻌﻤﻠﯿﺔ
ﻇﮭﺮاول
IBMIBMRAMAC
IBM
MANIC I
Jack KilbyRobert NoyceIC
Texas Instrumentchip
Jack
Kilby
Robert
Noyce
IC
Texas
Instru
ment
chip
Bell TelephoneBell Labs
PDP-1
Bell
Labs
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9. اﻵﻟﻰ ﻟﻠﺤﺎﺳﺐ اﻟﺘﺎرﯾﺨﻰ اﻟﺘﻄﻮﯾﺮ ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ
اﻋﺪاد اﻟﺘﺮﺑﻮى اﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻣﻨﺎھﺞ/اﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮر اﻻﺳﺘﺎذ اﺷﺮاف ﺗﺤﺖ اﺑﺮاھﯿﻢ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﺣﻤﺪ ھﻨﺎء/اﻟﻨﻤﺮ ﻣﺪﺣﺖPage1٩
Digital EquipmentPDP-1
CompilerPDP-1
Digital EquipmentPDP-1
Hopper
Cobol
Laser
Sketch pad
Douglas Englbart
ASCII
ASCII
Digital Equipment
PCs
Intel
Gordon MoorRobert NoyceIntel
Gordo
n Moor
Robert
Noyce
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10. اﻵﻟﻰ ﻟﻠﺤﺎﺳﺐ اﻟﺘﺎرﯾﺨﻰ اﻟﺘﻄﻮﯾﺮ ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ
اﻋﺪاد اﻟﺘﺮﺑﻮى اﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻣﻨﺎھﺞ/اﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮر اﻻﺳﺘﺎذ اﺷﺮاف ﺗﺤﺖ اﺑﺮاھﯿﻢ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﺣﻤﺪ ھﻨﺎء/اﻟﻨﻤﺮ ﻣﺪﺣﺖPage1١٠
H316ARPAnet
Honey Well
Honey
Well
Intel
Bell Labs
Bowmar
Niklaus Wirth
Hearsay
CTraf-O-
Date
Ray Tomlinson
Bell LabsC
HP-35
Hamilton WatchPulsar
LED
Paul AllenBill GatesTraf-O-Date
Ray
Tomlin
son
CP/M
Gary KendallCP/M
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11. اﻵﻟﻰ ﻟﻠﺤﺎﺳﺐ اﻟﺘﺎرﯾﺨﻰ اﻟﺘﻄﻮﯾﺮ ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ
اﻋﺪاد اﻟﺘﺮﺑﻮى اﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻣﻨﺎھﺞ/اﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮر اﻻﺳﺘﺎذ اﺷﺮاف ﺗﺤﺖ اﺑﺮاھﯿﻢ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﺣﻤﺪ ھﻨﺎء/اﻟﻨﻤﺮ ﻣﺪﺣﺖPage1١١
AltairMicrosoft
Altair
CPM
CPMGary Kildall
IBM
Apple II
Apple IIAppleApple II
VisiCalc
Dan BricklinBob FrankstonVisiCalc
Spreadsheets
Hyper
Tim Berners-LeeEnquire Within
Upon Everything
IBM PC
IBMIBM PCPC-Dos
Intel 8088
Osborne Computer
Osborne1
LisaIBM
Andrew FlugelmanPC-TalkShareware
Andre
w
Flugel
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12. اﻵﻟﻰ ﻟﻠﺤﺎﺳﺐ اﻟﺘﺎرﯾﺨﻰ اﻟﺘﻄﻮﯾﺮ ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ
اﻋﺪاد اﻟﺘﺮﺑﻮى اﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻣﻨﺎھﺞ/اﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮر اﻻﺳﺘﺎذ اﺷﺮاف ﺗﺤﺖ اﺑﺮاھﯿﻢ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﺣﻤﺪ ھﻨﺎء/اﻟﻨﻤﺮ ﻣﺪﺣﺖPage1١٢
man
WordMS-Dos2PC-XT
Dos 1.0
MS Dos 2
IBM PC AT
Compact Discs , CDs
John Scully
Mac OSDX
Desk Pro 386 Compaq
Windows / 386
World WideDX486
Tim Berners-LeeWorld Wide
HTML
httpWWW
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13. اﻵﻟﻰ ﻟﻠﺤﺎﺳﺐ اﻟﺘﺎرﯾﺨﻰ اﻟﺘﻄﻮﯾﺮ ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ
اﻋﺪاد اﻟﺘﺮﺑﻮى اﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻣﻨﺎھﺞ/اﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮر اﻻﺳﺘﺎذ اﺷﺮاف ﺗﺤﺖ اﺑﺮاھﯿﻢ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﺣﻤﺪ ھﻨﺎء/اﻟﻨﻤﺮ ﻣﺪﺣﺖPage1١٣
CERN
CERN
Linus ZimmermanLinuxUnix
Windows 3.1
Mosaic
NCSAMosaic 1.0
Office95Windows95Pentium ProDVD
Pentium Pro
DVDII
DVD
Apple Bonding Blue iMacWindows 98
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14. اﻵﻟﻰ ﻟﻠﺤﺎﺳﺐ اﻟﺘﺎرﯾﺨﻰ اﻟﺘﻄﻮﯾﺮ ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ
اﻋﺪاد اﻟﺘﺮﺑﻮى اﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻣﻨﺎھﺞ/اﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮر اﻻﺳﺘﺎذ اﺷﺮاف ﺗﺤﺖ اﺑﺮاھﯿﻢ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﺣﻤﺪ ھﻨﺎء/اﻟﻨﻤﺮ ﻣﺪﺣﺖPage1١٤
iMac
PIII
Iomega
Zip DriveDVD
Windows2000P4
P4
CD-RW
DVD
Nanotechnology
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