2. Individual behavior
Human behavior, which is; considered a complex
phenomenon, is very difficult to define in absolute terms. It is
primarily a combination of responses to external and internal
stimuli.
These responses would reflect psychological structure of the
person and may be results' of the combination of biological and
psychological processes, which interpret them, respond to them
in an appropriate manner and learn from the result of these
responses.
Psychologist Kurt Levin has conducted; considerable research
into the human behavior and its causes. He believes that people
are influenced by a number of diversified factors, which can be
both genetic and environmental.
The influence of these factors determines the pattern of human
behavior.
4. MARS Model of Individual
Behavior
Role
Perceptions
Values
Personality Motivation
Individual
Perceptions Behavior and
Emotions Results
Ability
Attitudes
Stress Situational
Factors
6. Ability, Intellect, and
Intelligence
Ability
An individual’s capacity to perform
the various tasks in a job.
Intellectual Ability
The capacity to do mental activities.
Multiple Intelligences
Intelligence contains four subparts:
cognitive, social, emotional, and cultural.
7. Employee Ability
Natural aptitudes and learned capabilities
required to successfully complete a task
An individual’s capacity to perform a task
competencies personal characteristics that lead to
superior performance
person job matching
select qualified people R
develop employee M
abilities through training BAR
redesign job to fit A S
person's existing abilities
8. Employee Ability
Ability varies across individuals
Three types of ability
Physical (strength)
Emotional (EI)
Intellectual (IQ)
9. Physical Abilities
Physical Abilities
The capacity to do tasks
demanding
stamina, dexterity, strength, an
d similar characteristics.
11. Types of Ability
Emotional Intelligence
Non-cognitive skills in coping with interpersonal
demands and pressures
Five dimensions
Self-awareness: ability to recognize what you’re
feeling
Self-management: ability to manage own emotions
and impulses
Self-motivation: ability to persist in face of failure
Empathy: ability to sense how others are feeling
Social skills: ability to handle the emotions of others
13. Employee Role Perceptions
Beliefs about what behavior is required to
achieve the desired results:
understanding what tasks to perform
understanding relative importance of tasks
understanding preferred
behaviors to accomplish tasks
R
M
BAR
A S
14. Situational Factors
Environmental conditions beyond the
individual’s short-term control that constrain or
facilitate behavior
time
people
budget
R
work facilities M
BAR
A S