11. Rods – Low light Cones – Color vision Three Main Parts: a. Outer Segments b. Cell body c. Synaptic terminal
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14. Eye movements (microsaccades) http://www.michaelbach.de/ot/mot_eyeJitter/index.html from Pinna B & Spillmann L (2002) A new illusion of floating motion in depth. Perception 31:1501–1502. Involuntary eye movements – This illusion makes us aware of the small movements our eyes make. Our eyes these movements even if we think we are focusing on an object. This is to prevent the photoreceptors in the retina from desensitizing. If photoreceptors desensitize they will no longer pass the signal to the brain of the object we are seeing. It would reduce the visibility of an object.
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16. Optokinetic Response Vertebrates exhibit numerous reflex behaviors that are driven by visual stimuli. The OKR response encompasses smooth eye rotations which track moving patterns followed by sharp movements called saccades.
22. Drosophila Habitat: rotting fruit Phototaxis Eight photoreceptors arranged in a pattern Vision: myopic/poor spatial quality but able to detect movement quickly Smaller lenses captures less light
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27. More Interesting Information Flight Simulator for flies? May yield info for Robot Vision http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e5uPr_3SsHA&feature=player_embedded
28. What can animals with compound eyes teach us? Better Cameras and motion detection systems?
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30. Responses Ganglion Cell Spike Recordings a = Hyperpolarization of photoreceptors b = On- Bipolar cells depolarization d = OFF-Bipolar cells depolarization
