The document discusses key aspects of the juvenile justice system including: - The system aims to treat juvenile offenders differently than adults and focus on rehabilitation rather than punishment. - It outlines the basic steps in the juvenile justice process from arrest through placements. This includes intake, detention hearings, petitions, adjudication hearings, and disposition/sentencing which may involve probation or placements. - It explains foundational concepts like parens patriae, balanced and restorative justice, and the roles of victims, offenders, and the community in the process.

1. Juvenile Justice

2. Juvenile Justice
Should we have one system for handling juvenile
x
and adult offenders?
x What should the system look like?
x What should this system do for juvenile
offenders?
x What kinds of crimes do juvenile offenders
commit?

3. Juvenile Justice System
1.Police
2.Intake
3.Shuman
4.Juvenile Court
5.Placements

4. Juvenile & Adult Responsibility
Juvenile who commit crimes should be treated “as
x
juveniles” and not “as adults”.
x Detention facility
x Penalties
x Purpose/ theory
x At what age?

5. Juvenile Justice System
There are three fundamental concepts that define
x
the Juvenile Justice System:
x Parens Patriae
x Second Chance Theory
x BARJ (Balanced & Restorative Justice)

6. Parens Patriae
Guardianship
x
x The family is responsible for raising and
supervising children.
x If the child is incorrigible or commits a crime
Juvenile Court (state)will provide the structure
and supervision necessary to raise the child
properly.

7. Balanced & Restorative Justice
(BARJ)
Community, victim, and offender should receive balanced
x
attention.
All three should gain tangible benefits from their
x
interactions with the juvenile justice system
Guiding philosophy of Juvenile Justice today.
x
Promotes maximum and equal involvement of:
x
a. victim,
x
b. the offender,
x
c. and the community in the justice process.
x

8. Balanced & Restorative Justice
(BARJ)
Three components include:
x
1.Accountability- an obligation to the victim
x
Restoration of losses
x
Examples include: community service, restitution, apology letters,
x
victim awareness curriculum
2.Community Protection- right to a safe and secure community and
x
protection from the offender.
Examples: curfew, day treatment, no contact orders
x
3.Competency Development- offenders leave system capable of
x
being productive members of the community.
Examples: anger management classes, mental health and drug &
x
alcohol evaluations, school grades,attendance, behavior

9. Match the Term
a. Adult b. Juvenile c. Both
1. Adjudication 9. Arrest
x x
2. George Junior 10.petition
x x
3. Jail 11. 18 year old
x x
4. Guilty verdict 12. Indeterminate sentence
x x
5. Trial 13. 2 to 5 year sentence
x x
6. Rehabilitation 14. Bail
x x
7. Adjudicated delinquent 15. Punishment
x x
8. shuman
x

10. What Terms Are Used In Juvenile
Court?
Adult Juvenile
x x
Punishment Rehabilitation
x x
Court of Common Pleas Family Court
x x
Crime Delinquent Act
x x
Arrest Shuman
x x
County Jail Custody
x x
Criminal Complaint Petition
x x
Guilty Plea Admission
x x
Trial Adjudication
x x
Verdict of guilty Delinquent
x x
Sentence Disposition
x x
Determinate Indeterminate
x x
sanction
x

11. What is a Juvenile Delinquent?

12. Juvenile Justice
Who is a juvenile (delinquent)?
Who is a juvenile (delinquent)?
x
At what age is someone too young or too old to be considered a juvenile?
x
Age of the (criminal) offense 10-17
x
Under 21 and committed an act of delinquency before reaching the age of 18
x
Juvenile jurisdiction beyond 17 to 18-20 years old.
x
Detainer can be placed on 18 year olds.
x
Youth can be on juvenile and adult probation at the same time.
x
Juvenile court has no jurisdiction over a juvenile accused of murder. Criminal
x
homicides automatically go to adult court.
Youth may be de-certified to juvenile court.
x
Act 33- 15-17 year old who has committed the following crimes: rape, robbery,
x
voluntary manslaughter, aggravated assault, attempted murder

13. Juvenile Probation Officer
Prepares a case history, of the youth to be
x
presented to the Juvenile Court Judge.
x Makes recommendation to judge at the
disposition.
x Monitors and counsels the youth if he/she is
released back to the community..
x Visits youth at placement.

14. Juvenile Court History
1899-1933
the first court hearing all juvenile cases is established
in Chicago, Illinois
1933- the first juvenile court is established in
Pittsburgh.

15. School Based Probation
1. Probation officers serve as advocates for the offender. (T/F)
2. PO’s provide a report to the judge after the adjudication. (T/F)
3. The PO is a neutral third party that meets with the offender and provides a report to the judge.
(T/F)
4. ___Probation a. no charges filed, 3-6 months, no court
5. ___Consent decree b. charges filed, suspended, 6 to 12 months
6. ___Extended service contract c. record, adjudicated delinquent, indefinite
7. _____ is the maximun age for an offender to be on juvenile probation.
8. The typical offender is ( Male/female ) who has committed a ____ offense.
9. List two duties of a school based PO.
10. What is EHM? EHM is used in place of _____ .
11. PO ‘s have the power issue arrest warrants and do drug screenings for any students on their
case load. (T/F)
12. I was surprised to learn that:
13. I would like to learn more about:

16. What are the Basic Steps in the
Juvenile Court System?
Construct a flow chart that illustrates the steps in
x
the Juvenile Justice system from arrest to
aftercare.
x Identify the events/ procedures that occur at each
step in the JJS.
x Due process is a fundamental part of the juvenile
justice process.

17. 1. Police/ Arrest
Arrest or apprehend on the PO can take youth “into
x x
street or at school custody” (arrest)
based upon probable cause
x Violation of probation
x
Release to parents
x
PO sanction
x
Process and divert youth to
x
Shuman or County Jail
May be fingerprinted/
x
photographed
Can be taken to the station and
x
processed or identified.

18. 2. Shuman
Red Brick Inn
x
The Shu (shoe)
x
University of Personalities
x
Detention until hearings are
x
completed & youth is sent to a
placement
Serves same purpose as adult
x
jails

19. 3. Intake
Screening process conducted by PO
x
Juvenile must commit a crime to be detained at Shuman
x
center.
Status offenses cannot be used as a basis for detention.
x
Parents cannot send/ drop off a child at Shuman.
x
PO considers the “least restrictive environment’ possible
x
for the offender.

20. 4. Detention Hearing
Intake officer decides:
x
x Detention
at Shuman center
x Home with family
Due process requirement: 72 hours
x
x Bail is not a constitutional right for juveniles
x What is bail?
x Guarantee to show up for your hearing. If you are
unable to post bail, you will be incarcerated (jail).

21. 5. Petition
A petition is a formal criminal complaint.
•
• Due process requirement- 24 hours
• Filed by police officer or someone who believes
the juvenile has committed a delinquent act
(crime).
x The petition must state the following information:
x The facts which bring the child to court,
x The name, date of birth of the child,
x The name, and address of the parent or guardian.

22. Shuman Detention Center
Two parts: detention units and school
x
x Detain until hearings are completed and youth is
sent to placement
x Temporary detention
x Locked down 24/7
x Serves same purpose as jail for adults
x Unit is your home
x Attend school

23. Honors Unit

24. Resident’s Room

25. Resident’s Room

26. 6. Main Juvenile Court Hearings
Adjudication Disposition
x x
(Trial) (Sentencing)
x x

27. 6A. Juvenile Court Hearing
Adjudication
Juvenile court is located in the former
x
county jail building.
Similar to an adult “bench” trial
x
Hearing is open to all parties involved in
x
the alleged incident.
Open to the public when:
x
x 14 years or older & felony
x 12 years or older & murder,
manslaughter, aggravated assault,
arson, rape robbery, vehicle robbery
Youth has an attorney to represent them
x
during the hearing.
Burden of proof- beyond a reasonable
x
doubt

28. 6B. Disposition
The court will balance the needs of the offender
x
with the obligation to protect the community.
x Judge decides the sentence (disposition) that the
juvenile will receive.
x Based upon the presentence report (juvenile’s
social,psychological, family, school background)
submitted by the probation officer.

29. 7. Placements
List three examples of
x
juvenile court placements:
Academy day & evening
x
programs
George Junior Republic
x
New Castle YDC
x
Boot Camp
x

30. 9. After Care
Supervision by a probation
x
officer who counsels the
juvenile on educational,
job vocational choices
Youth coming from a
x
placement?
Requires 3 months @
x
academy then probation

31. Juvenile Justice
A success?
At case closing, 77% of offenders paid restitution in full.
• A total of $155,911 in restitution was paid.
• At case closing, 98% completed all of their community service hours.
• 69,653.5 community service hours were completed.
• Only 11% of offenders recidivated while under court supervision.
• Only 5% of offenders appeared in court for a probation violation.
• At case closing, 86% of offenders were attending
educational/vocational programs.

32. Juvenile Justice Process
1.___Delinquency Prevention Programs
x
2.___Adjudication
x
3.___Placement (Boot Camp)
x
4.___Shuman Center
x
5.___Disposition
x
6.___Arrest
x
7.___intake
x
8.___Petition
x

33. Adult Criminal or Juvenile Justice
Systems
1. Punishment 11. Jail
x x
2. petition
x
12. Disposition
x
3. Arrest
x
13. Court of Common
x
4. Guilty verdict
x
Pleas
5. Adjudication
x
14. Jury trial
6. Trial x
x
7. beyond a reasonable doubt
x
8. Bail
x
9. Shuman
x
10. delinquent
x