Centers: Prosperity and Sustainability in the Global City
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Group presentation for The Global City, Northwestern University, MPPA program, Summer 2011.
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Centers: Prosperity and Sustainability in the Global City
- 1. Montreal Boston Singapore CENTERS Prosperity and Sustainability in the Global City MPPA-452 Professor Wass Presented by Molly ChroenosTamira Cole Jabari Paul
- 2. Boston City Profile: As the hub of the New England region, Boston is home to over 617,000 residents, many institutions of higher education, some of the world's finest inpatient hospitals, and numerous cultural and professional sports organizations. According to 2010 Census numbers, the population of Boston has increased by 4.8% or 28,453 people, since the year 2000. Of the largest Northeastern cities for which Census data were released, Boston grew the most in the past decade.
- 4. The Global Cities Index (2010) reports that in comparison to other global cities, Boston ranks 41 by population, 11 by GDP, and 19 overall.
- 5. The Global Financial Centres Index 9 (released March 2011) reports that in comparison to other global financial centers, Boston ranks 12. This reflects a one point increase in rank, since the last Global Financial Centres Index report was released.
- 9. Boston and Singapore both have governments with separate executive and legislative powers.
- 10. The governments of Boston, Singapore, and Montreal all have departments and divisions that provide public services to their citizens.
- 11. Boston and Montreal both have council members that represent certain geographic regions of their cities.
- 14. The 5 busiest MBTA bus routes carry 17% of all MBTA bus passengers.
- 15. Since 1990, Boston’s population has grown about 3%. Auto registrations grew 36% over the same period.
- 16. In a recent national survey, parking costs in Boston, at up to $28/day, were second only to New York City.
- 17. BTD issued 1,746,744 parking violations in FY2001.
- 18. 65,830 Resident Parking permits were issued by BTD in the year 2000, a 47% increase from 1990.
- 19. There are 38,000 bicycle trips daily in Boston. 20% of these are work trips.
- 20. There are approximately 2,735,000 journeys each day ending in Boston, the majority of which also begin in Boston.
- 21. Each day, 927,000 people travel into Boston from the rest of the region. Of these, 70% have destinations outside the Core Neighborhoods.
- 22. 47% of the 283,000 trips destined for the Core Neighborhoods and beginning outside Boston are by public transportation.
- 23. Three out of every ten trips in Boston are pedestrian trips.
- 24. 57% of Boston’s population, and 79% of its jobs lie within an approximately 10 minute walk of a rapid transit or commuter rail station.
- 26. Boston, Singapore, and Montreal all have major airports, ports, rail, and transit systems.
- 27. Boston, Singapore, and Montreal all have at least two public airports.
- 29. Boston has gone from having a decentralized government (during the colonial period) to a centralized government (in 1822) and now back to government that’s partly decentralized due to urban sprawl.
- 32. Leadership is elected by popular vote both the city council and mayor
- 34. Montreal became a city in 1832
- 35. It was the capital of the Providence of Canada until 1849 when a Tory mob burned down the Parliament BuildingGOVERNMENT HISTORY
- 37. The City Council is a democratically elected body of 73 members from different neighborhoods throughout the city.
- 38. The City Council is a small part of the Montreal Metropolitan Community or MMC; which governs and coordinates policy across the whole Metro area.
- 40. At the onset, the MMC, represented only 71% of the city
- 42. The Canadian government has favored the growth of other Canadian cities due to the semi autonomous Quebec government CONFLICT
- 43. A merger of Montreal occurred in 2000 under the leadership of the PartiQuébécois. It included 28 municipalities 15 municipalities on the island and 1 around Longueil were de-merged in 2006 Most of the resistance to this merger came from the suburban areas MERGER
- 44. 2007 Transportation Plan City Wide Marketing Campaign The new bridge, to benefit the east-west corridor which currently has one bridge to enter city center RECENT GOVERNMENT ACTION
- 48. The main objectives of the Metro was to ease downtown traffic, regain downtown visibility and to not change the shape of the downtown
- 50. Main Factors Affecting Centers in Montreal Government Structure Semi-Autonomous but still controlled by Federal Government Constant push and pull of French Speaking Quebec, Largely French Speaking Montreal and Federal Government Political Past Still recovering from loss of business post-Quite Revolution CONCLUSIONS: Montreal
- 51. Montreal: Affected by Cultural and Political Happenings vs. Poor Policy or Ineffectual Government CONCLUSIONS
- 52. Boudreau, Julie-Anne, Hamel, Pierre, Jourve, Bernard, and Keil, Roger. (2007). New State Spaces in Canada. Urban Geography, 28:1, pp.30-53. Filion, Pierre, Bunting, Trudi, Pavlic, Dejan & Langlois, Paul. (2010). Intensification and Sprawl. Urban Geography, 31:4, 541–569. DOI: 10.2747/0272-3638.31.4.541 Manaugh, Kevin, Miranda-Moreno, Louis & El-Geneidy, Ahmed. (2009, July). The effect of neighbourhood characteristics, accessibility, home-work location, anddemographics on commuting distances. Paper presented at the 89th Annual Meeting of the Transportation Research Board at McGill University, Montreal. Rothblatt, Donald N. (1994). North American Metropolitan Planning. Journal of the American Planning Association, 60:4. doi: 01944363 Warn, K. (2002, Oct 31). One was for work, the other for play: MONTREAL v TORONTO. Financial Times , pp. 04-04. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/249358530?accountid=12861 REFERENCES
- 55. By the second World War, the settlements disbanded; in 1954 the First legislative assembly of Singapore was elected as ex-officio members GOVERNMENT HISTORY
- 57. GOVERNMENT STRUCTURECONTINUED (PMO) Prime Minister’s Office (MINDEF) Ministry of Defence (MOE) Ministry of Education (MOF) Ministry of Finance (MFA) Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MOH) Ministry of Health (MHA) Ministry of Home Affairs (MICA) Ministry of Information, Communications and the Arts (MinLaw) Ministry of Law (MOM) Ministry of Manpower *Taken from Ministry of Law, 2006
- 58. Singapore’s intricate government structure has allowed for centralized power in the Parliament and specialized departments that oversee the country that has provided Singapore with: * A competent management skills * A prosperous economy * Freedom of political corruption SUSTAINABILITY
- 63. Singapore’s democratic government has provided a structure of consistency, management and thoroughness that has opened the transport gateway for Singapore’s global link to support its stable economy and tourism. While there are additional factors that prove Singapore’s growth, it is evident that these key areas have given Singapore tremendous prosperity. SUMMARY PERSPECTIVE
- 64. Dogra, S. (2005). “Medical tourism takes Singapore by Storm.” Express Healthcare Management (Mumbai). Retrieved 7 August 2011. http://www.expresshealthcaremgmt.com/20050731/medicaltourism01.shtml Land Transport Authority. (2008). “Public Transport Ridership.” Retrieved on 4 August 2011. http://www.lta.gov.sg/corp_info/doc/Average_Daily_Public_Transport_Ridership.pdf Ministry of Law. (2007). “Our Organisational Structure.” 3 May 2007, Retrieved on 2 August 2011. http://www.gov.sg/govtlist_Minis.htm Ministry of Trade and Industry. (2005). “Proposal to integrate resorts.” Retrieved on 7 August 2011. http://app.mti.gov.sg/data/pages/606/doc/Ministerial%20Statement%20-%20PM%2018apr05.pdf The Singapore Law System. Singapore Academy of Law. (2011). Retrieved 3 August 2011. link broken REFERENCES
Hinweis der Redaktion
- The Metropolis in French
- The Metropolis in French
- St Lawrence Seaway bypass, govt subsidies Current mayor of Montreal, Tremblay, in Montreal is concerned with the power of central city of MontrealIn Montreal the provincial government of Quebec is perceived by some to be the “national” government, and the federal government is looked at with distrust (40)
- “It is not considered very polite to say so, but Montreal is a city that attempted to commit suicide and it nearly succeeded” (Warn). Elaborate on Montreal’s French connection and still the influence… vieuxcarre area and so on….
- “In Montreal, old suburbs on the Island have mostly developed as wealthy Anglophone havens (particularly on the west end of the island), while the central city has been home to a majority of francophone, immigrant, and poorer families. However, suburbs such as St-Léonard and St-Laurent have long been home to immigrant families… Exurbs on the North and South shores of the St. Lawrence River are overwhelmingly middle class and francophone.”
- “a life near everything” and “don’t put a bridge between you and your family” highway 40 is to be built to complete the A25 expressway and is set to open this year with an expected toll of C$2.40 There are six current employment sub centers, 4 on the island of Montreal creating 182,000 jobs in the Central Business District alone and 2 off the island
- In the late 1800’s an urban planning theory comparing cities to the vascular system was made popular Biggest impact of Transit on Montreal, it is an island. across the St Lawrence River and Riviere des Prairies that flank the city Montreal is largely regarded to have one of the best dual transportation system; both in research and updates Only 8 bridges on/off islandThe center city, which holds the business district and the working class suburbs have all been developed with high density housing accordingly
- The main objectives of the Metro in Montreal were to ease downtown traffic, regain downtown visibility and to not change the shape of the downtown The creation of the Metro resulted in business growth both downtown and in some of the older suburbs of the city, utilizing the North-South Line The one negative impact that happened was with an emphasis on the North-South Line of the Metro, although the working class was given a new cheaper form of transit but this did limit the marketable areas to live for the working class
- However the city growth is slower than the outlying areas with a commuting population of 3.6 million and on average 1.84 million cars In a recent sample of 31,997 people in the 186 square km or 72 square miles Montreal, the mean commuting distance is 14.52 minutes with a minimum of .1 minutes and a maximum of 88.69 minutes The mean amount of bridges that this sample used is .35, with a minimum of 0 and maximum of 1; with number of vehicles at mean 1.83, min 0, max 8 and mean daily trips at 2.84, minimum at 2 and maximum at 21One point is significant to this studyThe mean number of vehicles per household, 1.83For a city the density of Montreal, the number of cars per household suggests most people live outside city center which would be nearly impossible to house so many vehicles. In comparison to the other major Canadian cities of Toronto and Vancouver congestion costs actually rank third at C$249 versus C$271 and C$260 respectively
- Singapore is often referred to as the “Freedom of the World” due to the fact that its central power is an established democracy that allows citizens to freely partake in various religious customs, careers, and leisure pastimes.
- Over time Singapore would develop a Constitution and outline the positions of President, the Cabinet, Parliament, and various ministries.
- Singapore’s government structure is an intricate distribution of leadership ranging from the President to the Prime Minister, and Minister’s of various ministries. A ministry consist of a headquarters and a number of departments and board entities.
- In some cases the members of Parliament can be appointed as Ministers of State to aid ministers in their functions over each department. Singapore operates with the use of a statutory board. These boards cannot be staffed by civil servants, but business professionals and directors within the fields. The boards possess greater independence and flexibility . The board members consist Chairman, Deputy Chairman, not less than 10-25 members at a time and act in the best interest of the people and their needs.
- Singapore’s government structure has sustained a prosperous economy and since 2000 has amounted to $373 billion in trade. Singapore is the 15th largest trader with the United States. With trade agreements with New Zealand and China, the workforce has had 2.2 million employees and has been sustained by departments that specialize in free market and economy management. The government’s organization aims to only support and manage the country’s resources (trades, investments, stocks, social services), while allowing entities to maximize their profit. Thus equaling to an economy free of government corruption.
- Singapore has a uniquely connected transit system that allows for more than 52.4% of Singaporeans to commute to work and school daily. This percentage excludes foreigners. The transit makes on average 5.308 million trips a day.
- Singapore’s transportation consistently links the country to many places of the world through two bridges. Transportation by sea has provided Singapore with one of the busiest ports in the world, Port of Singapore. Roughly, Port of Singapore transports around 393-448 of cargo yearly. Port of Singapore is also ranked as the best port in Asia. Outside of land and sea transportation, Singapore serves more than 185 cities around the world through its Singapore Changi Airport. The airport handles 64 million passengers and connects civilian, military and air force bases.
- A large portion of Singapore’s economic success is due to commuter tourism. In 2005, the government legalized gambling and allowed the integration of two major casino resorts. In addition to the development of tourism is that of medical tourism. Tourists visit Singapore for medical healthcare. By 2012 Singapore’s medical tourism hub is expected to generate more than $1-3 billion (possibly trillion) in revenue. Singapore’s transportation and commuting has sustained the country with constant supply and demand, cargo from various corners of the world, and tourism. Singapore now has the ability to expand beyond its basic industries and reap the advantages of being a tourism and medical tourism hub for the future.