On 16 May 2013, the Global CCS Institute hosted its seventh study meeting in Tokyo. This presentation is by Holger Bietz, the Institute's General Manager, Projects, Financial and Commercial.

1. THE GLOBAL STATUS OF CCS
HOLGER BIETZ – General Manager – Projects, Financial and Commercial
7th Study Meeting – Tokyo
16 May 2013

2. THE GLOBAL STATUS OF CCS: 2012
 Released October 2012.
 Update released January 2013.
 Comprehensive coverage on the
state of CCS projects and
technologies.
 Challenges and recommendations
for moving forward.
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3. KEY
MESSAGE CCS IS ALREADY CONTRIBUTING,
BUT PROGRESS MUST BE ACCELERATED
3
9 operating projects:
 6 natural gas processing plants
 1 fertiliser plant
 1 synthetic natural gas plant
 1 hydrogen plant
8 projects under construction (Execute):
 2 electricity generation plants
 2 natural gas processing plants
 1 hydrogen plants
 1 fertiliser plant
 1 ethanol plant
 1 oil refining

4. KEY
MESSAGE
Volume of CO2 potentially stored by large-scale integrated projects
CCS IS ALREADY CONTRIBUTING,
BUT PROGRESS MUST BE ACCELERATED
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5. KEY
MESSAGE CCS IS ALREADY CONTRIBUTING,
BUT PROGRESS MUST BE ACCELERATED
5
Volume of CO2 potentially stored by large-scale integrated projects

6. KEY
MESSAGE STEADY PROGRESS BUT
IMPORTANT DEVELOPMENTS
Large-scale integrated projects by asset lifecycle and year
6

7. KEY
MESSAGE
Volume of CO2 potentially stored by primary storage type and region
7
January 2013 Update
STEADY PROGRESS BUT
IMPORTANT DEVELOPMENTS

8. KEY
MESSAGE
8
Quest, Canada
TCM, Norway
Plant Barry, US
Boundary Dam,
Canada
STEADY PROGRESS BUT
IMPORTANT DEVELOPMENTS

9. KEY
MESSAGE ACCELERATION OF CCS DEPENDS ON
COLLABORATION AND KNOWLEDGE SHARING
 CCS faces difficult and time-consuming
challenges.
 Sharing knowledge gained is critical to
accelerating the deployment of CCS.
 Collaboration and effort is required to increase
the intensity and scope of knowledge sharing
activities.
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10. PROJECT KNOWLEDGE-SHARING AGREEMENTS
INSTITUTE FUNDING STATUS
Active
Commencing/under discussion
Completed
2. Trailblazer
(Tenaska)
FEED studies
3. Nelson 6
(Tenaska/Entergy)
Development studies
1. RCI
(Rotterdam CCS Network)
Storage and shipping studies 6. Getica
(ISPE)
Feasibility Study
10. Callide Oxyfuel
(OTPL)
Transport and CO2 injection
studies
4. Pioneer
(TransAlta)
FEED studies
11. CarbonNet
(Victorian Government)
Commercial and Planning studies
5. Mountaineer
(American Electric Power)
FEED studies
7. ROAD
(Maasvlakte CCS)
FEED studies &
execution planning
8 Chiyoda
(Chiyoda/Tokyo University)
Shuttle shipping study
9. South West Hub
(Western Australian Government)
General reports
13. CSIRO
Amine emission
studies
14. CarbonNet MMV
(Victorian Government)
MMV scope study
15. Loy Yang
(Worley Parsons, MHI)
Process validation model
16. Yanchang CCUS
(Shaanxi Yanchang Petroleum)
Capture, storage and permit reports
10

11. PROJECT KNOWLEDGE-SHARING AGREEMENTS
Feasibility/FEED Case Studies Status
Project
Capture
Transport/
Infrastructure
Storageand
MMV
Financeand
Commercial
Policy,Legal
and
Regulation
Public
Engagement
Riskand
Environment
1
Rotterdam CCS Network
Project
Complete
2 Trailblazer Energy Center Complete
3 Nelson 6 CCS Project
Complete
4 TransAlta Pioneer In progress
5 AEP Mountaineer
Complete
6 Romanian CCS Demo Plant
Complete
7 ROAD Project In progress
8 Chiyoda Project Complete
9 South West Hub Project In progress
10 Callide Oxy-fuel Project In progress
11 CarbonNet Project In progress
13 CSIRO Complete
14 CarbonNet Project - MMV Complete
15 Loy Yang Complete
16 Yanchang CCUS Project Commencing

12. PROJECT KNOWLEDGE SHARING
– AEP mountaineer project (1)
KEY ASPECTS OF AEP’S MOUNTAINEER PROJECT
 The project aimed to design, construct, and operate Alstom’s chilled ammonia
process to capture approximately 90% of the CO2 from a 235 MWe slipstream
from the existing 1300 MWe Mountaineer power plant.
 Around 1.5 million tonnes per annum of CO2 were to be treated, compressed and
injected into suitable deep saline formations for permanent storage approximately
2.5 kilometres underground.
REPORTS AND OUTCOMES
The knowledge sharing reports delivered to the Institute covered a wide range of
topics including: technical studies, business case, engineering and design
considerations, integration and storage.
In July 2011, AEP announced the project would be put on-hold beyond the front-end
engineering design (FEED) phase, due to the current uncertain status of national
climate policy and weak economy.
12

13. PROJECT KNOWLEDGE SHARING
– AEP mountaineer project (2)
CCS Front End Engineering and Design Report
The front-end engineering and design package included:
 a +/- 25% cost estimate (see table below)
 all information needed Environmental Policy ACT
 a construction contracting strategy
 preliminary PFDs and mass and energy balances
 a deep well drilling program for characterization of subsurface geology at one of
the CO2 storage sites
System (Phases I, II & III) Estimate ($ x million) USD
Capture System $665
Storage System $160
Sub-Total $825
Escalation $71
Sub-Total $896
Risk Based Contingency $103
Total Constructed $999
Phase IV Operations $66
Total Project Cost $1,065
AEP has put the project on hold as a lack of
federal climate change legislation adversely
impacting AEP’s ability to fund it’s cost share
of the commercial scale project.

14. PROJECT KNOWLEDGE SHARING
– ROAD project (Netherlands) (1)
14
PROJECT DETAILS
Location: Rotterdam, Netherlands
Status: Define
Proponent: Maasvlakte CCS Project C.V., a joint venture of E.ON Benelux
and Electrabel (a subsidiary of GDF Suez Group)
Technical aspects
 Construction of a new E.ON Maasvlakte Power Plant 3 (MPP3), a 1070 MW (gross) coal-
and biomass-based power plant.
 Retrofit of post-combustion capture is being designed on a 250 Mwe unit of the plant,
capturing approx 1.1 million tonnes of CO2 per annum.
 The captured CO2 will be transported through a 26 km pipeline to the P-18-A Platform of
TAQA in the North Sea and injected into depleted gas reservoirs at a depth of 3500 metres
under the sea bed.
 The project has obtained all necessary permits and concluded all its costing and technical
design work – FID is expected later this year.

15. PROJECT KNOWLEDGE SHARING
– ROAD project (Netherlands) (2)
15
PERMITTING PROCESS REPORT
 A large number of permits required for all aspects of the CCS chain
 Obtaining a storage permit was most challenging issue for the project
 Key issues for the storage permit relate to the:
 Amount of information requested by the permitting authority
 Financial Security (funds needed for post-closure activities)
 Transfer of responsibility and liability

16. PROJECT KNOWLEDGE SHARING
– Project Pioneer (Canada) (1)
16
TransAlta announced the cancellation of this project on the 26th of April 2012, on the grounds
that "the revenue from carbon sales and the price of emissions reductions [were] insufficient to
allow the project to proceed at this time".
KEY ASPECTS OF PROJECT PIONEER
 The project was built as a retrofit of TransAlta and Capital Power Corporations' Keephills 3
(K3) coal-based power plant
 Pioneer would have captured one million tonnes per annum of carbon dioxide (CO2)
through post-combustion technology (MHI).
 The CO2 was to be transported for enhanced oil recovery (EOR) in nearby oil fields as well
as for permanent storage in deep saline formations.
REPORTS AND OUTCOMES
Knowledge sharing reports cover a wide range of topics including: regulatory, project risk,
socio-economic, public opinion, construction execution, commercial structuring, CCS
integration, risk management, and MMV technology issues.

17. PROJECT KNOWLEDGE SHARING
– Project Pioneer (Canada) (2)
17
SYSTEMS INTEGRATION WORKSHOP – SUMMARY REPORT
When integrating the capture facility into the host plant the following design features can
improve the efficiency and performance:
 Integration of utilities
 Integration of (environmental) monitoring and control systems
 Optimization of energy/heat recovery and use
 Waste minimization and use of waste products
 Optimizing materials and flows/exchanges within the plant
 Operating flexibility, i.e:
 Maximizing operational flexibility for the industrial process generating the CO2 (e.g. power plant
24-7 load following, handling interruptions in availability of any component in the system, etc.)
 Optimizing trade-off between cost and operating flexibility
 Optimization of maintenance, preventative maintenance system and shutdowns

18. PROJECT KNOWLEDGE SHARING
– South West Hub (Australia)
PROJECT DETAILS
Location: Western Australia, Australia
Status: Evaluate
Proponent:
Department of Mines and Petroleum, but moving to an industry joint venture
Technical aspects:
 CO2 captured from various industrial sources including
coal-based urea plant, alumina production and power
generation.
 A 50-100km onshore pipeline network is proposed to
connect large stationary sources of CO2.
 The base case project aims to store around 2.5 million
tonnes per annum of CO2 in onshore deep saline
formations.
Current focus: Negotiating land access for seismic
studies on land surrounding possible storage sites. 18

19. PROJECT KNOWLEDGE SHARING
– Project Carbonnet (Australia)
PROJECT DETAILS
Location: Victoria, Australia
Status: Evaluate
Proponent: Department of Primary Industries
Technical aspects
 CarbonNet is a storage led hub project
 Storage opportunities exist in the offshore Gippsland basin, in depleting oil fields
 The nearby Latrobe Valley is home to power stations responsible for generating more
than 90 per cent of the state’s electricity
 Aiming to develop the hub concepts allowing multiple CO2 sources to connect to a
network of injection sites
 The business model is unique as it is not driven by a single CO2 emitter
 Knowledge sharing activities:
 Commercial frameworks for hub projects (2013)
 Business model for CarbonNet project (2014)
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20. PROJECT KNOWLEDGE SHARING –
our approach in China (1)
MoU with DCC-NDRC
The key areas of cooperation identified under the MOU:
the promotion international and domestic cooperation;
 encouraging further research and development;
 supporting demonstration projects; and
 developing industrial and academic networks.
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21. PROJECT KNOWLEDGE SHARING
- our approach in China (2)
MoU with Shaanxi Yanchang Petroleum (Group) Co., Ltd
The key areas of cooperation identified under the MOU:
the promotion of CCUS in China and globally, including;
 increase technical and non-technical understanding of the application
of CCS in the non-power sector including capture, transport and
storage technologies, and regulations and permitting;
 Increase understanding of CO2 storage and utilisation and monitoring,
measurement and verification within China’s unique geology;
 Enhance public awareness and acceptance of CCS technology
development in China and globally; and
 Share and dissemination disseminate key learnings in order to help
advance other projects around the world.
21

22. PROJECT KNOWLEDGE SHARING
- our approach in China (3)
MoU with Shaanxi Yanchang Petroleum (Group) Co., Ltd
Work towards a Knowledge Sharing
agreement:
Key reports to be provided under the
agreement when finalised:
 CO2 capture in the coal to chemical
industry;
 CO2 storage and EOR in low permeability
reservoirs;
 Measurements monitoring and verification
on CO2 storage in the Jingbian, Wuqi and
Dingbian oilfields; and
 Regulation and permitting of CCUS
projects in China.
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23. TARGETED REPORTS - THE FIRST TRANCHE
Community communication on key risks of CCS Projects.
(Indigo Research Ltd, UK)
Relative permeability guideline.
(Benson Lab; Stanford U, California, USA)
Making the business case for CCS projects:
more insights. (2CO Energy, UK)
CO2 networks and hubs: participants, roles &
commercial structures. (National Grid, UK)
CO2 transportation – shipping.
(Chiyoda, Japan)
Mitigating unexpected CO2 migration.
(CO2GeoNet, Italy/France) - with IEAGHG
Balancing key contracts for CCS projects.
(Baker McKenzie, Australia)
CCS public funding programs – Lessons Learnt.
(Institute will create this report)
Business case for CCS projects.
(Summit Power Group, Texas Clean Energy; USA)
CO2 networks and hubs: Shared transport and
storage infrastructure. (Deltalinqs, Netherlands)
Cross-border transport of CO2.
(Maersk Olie og Gas, Denmark)
ULCOS – public engagement
(ArcelorMittal, France)
Overview of NW Sturgeon Refinery
(North West Redwater, Canada)
Baltic Sea CCS storage (Bastor) summary
reports (Elforsk AB, Sweden)
Storage Atlas -
(CCOP, Thailand)
New Targeted Report Scopes are currently being contracted
INSTITUTE FUNDING STATUS
Active
Commencing/under discussion
Completed 23

24. TARGETED REPORTS – CONTRACTED AND PLANNED
Report Description
Aquistore Project Aquistore will serve as the storage site for the world’s first commercial post-combustion CO2 capture, transportation, utilization, and storage
project from a coal-fired electric generating facility. This report will capture key lessons from the project.
Compostilla: Progressing onshore storage in
Europe
Report will cover of aspects of injection into carbonate reservoirs, the geochemical impact on a carbonate reservoir (induced changes in porosity
and permeability); and will comment on regulatory requirements and public engagement activities to highlight the European perspective
Creating core message Translating the technical results of the Weyburn Project technical research findings into public communication resources
The CSIRO Key Social Research findings This report will provide a comprehensive overview of the breadth of recent CCS-focused social research; attempting to categorize, contextualize
and synthesize the key findings, recommendations and challenges evidenced throughout this substantial body of work.
Funding CCS Demonstration Projects This report will consider structuring of a CCS project to access commercial bank, ECA, public financing institution and green bank funding and
the respective roles and requirements of bank, ECA, PFI and green bank support.
Storage Liability 1 Effects of liability for CO2 leakage in an EOR-CO2 project
Storage Liability 2 Identifying the benefits to liability regimes (or development of insurance markets) through regulatory requirements that incorporate both project-
level risk as well as system wide risks when setting payment rates for projects
Framework for geological assessment This work will develop a systematic process to more quantitatively measure and categorise the data available for assessment and maturity of the
geological assessments performed by countries in their storage capacity assessments
Indonesian Coal Gasification Project: Storage
Scoping Study
Identify if there are potential storage sites in Indonesia suitable for long term geologic storage of the intended volumes of CO2 within a
reasonable range of the coal gasification project.
Project management structures for integrated
CCS projects
Considering the different skills required across the value chain and how this changes throughout the asset lifecycle model from Identify to
Execute, Operate and Closure
What international standards on CCS might
mean for CCS projects
Momentum towards the development of international standards is growing rapidly, as the ISO Technical Committee is forming its working groups
and starting to develop their work programs. The aim of this study would be to examine the implications for standards development at this stage
of CCS demonstration.
A study considering the costs associated with
the emerging modes of regulation
To assist both project developers in developing their detailed project budgets and business cases, but also policymakers and legislators so that
they can have a more accurate view of the costs and burden they are imposing on projects.
Expansion of the current 'CDM-Ready' project The development of legal and regulatory regime ratings and an assessment model for host countries
Technology commercial pathways – learning
from the LNG sector
A study of the rapid and successful development of the LNG industry to identify learnings that can be applied to accelerate the development of
the CCS industry
Innovation in the CCS Sector While there is good analysis of the state of development of CCS technologies, there is much less readily available analysis of what existing
projects are doing to drive innovation and lower the costs of CCS.
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25. TARGETED REPORTS
– Don Valley Power Project (UK) (1)
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Project details
Location: South Yorkshire, United Kingdom
Status: Define
Proponent: 2Co Energy Limited
Technical aspects
 2Co Energy is proposing to build a new, integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC)
power plant - 920 MW (gross) - and capturing more than 91 per cent of its CO2 emissions.
 Approximately 4.9 million tonnes per annum of CO2 would be captured through pre-
combustion capture technology.
 CO2 is proposed to be transported via a 90km onshore pipeline to the North Sea coast.
From there the pipeline will continue approximately 300km offshore to its final storage
destination.
 Two offshore storage options are being studied: both EOR prospects ann deep saline
formations in the southern North Sea.
 Front end engineering and design (FEED) studies have been completed and the project is
now looking to improve its business case.

26. TARGETED REPORTS
– Don Valley Power Project (UK) (2)
26
MAKING THE BUSINESS CASE FOR CCS REPORT
 Capital expenditure of approximately £5 billion
 A mix of potential funding sources required
 Grants 26% (UK competition / NER300)
 Equity 14% (2Co, Samsung, BOC)
 Debt 60% (ECAs, MFIs and commercial banks)
 Three major sources of revenue:
 the UK wholesale power price;
 the power price premium (CfD); and
 the revenue from oil production
 Key risks affecting the business case:
 regulatory and permitting risk;
 changes to capital costs;
 delays in commissioning;
 changes in oil price; and
 challenges with decommissioning.

27. TARGETED REPORTS
- CCOP storage mapping program (1)
Coordinating Committee for Geoscience Programmes in
Asia and South-East Asia (CCOP)
 Institute support for a CO2 storage
mapping program in the CCOP
member countries
 Preparation work for a CO2
Storage Atlas that presents the
best available estimates of
potential CO2 storage capacity
Map of CCOP countries 27

28. TARGETED REPORTS
- CCOP Storage Mapping Program (2)
CCOP Work Program
Phase 2 – April 2016 till March 2017
Application in Member Countries CCOP Storage Atlas
Phase 1 – April 2014 till March 2016
Three country case studies
(onshore and offshore)
Case Study estimations
of storage capacities
Facilitation Phase – March 2013 till March 2014
Align goals and objectives
Agree methodologies and workflow,
training courses and workshops
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29. A FINAL WORD: COMMUNICATION IS PARAMOUNT!
“ ...a fundamental conclusion is that
communication should not be seen as an add-on
to the project. Successful projects integrate
communication and outreach as a critical
component of the project from the beginning.”
International Researcher Team: Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research
Organisation (CSIRO), Australia; Energy Research Centre of the Netherlands (ECN),
Netherlands; Illinois State Geological Survey, University of Illinois, USA; Pacific Northwest
National Laboratory, operated by Battelle for the US Department of Energy, USA; and AJW
Inc., USA.
“Despite our positive stakeholder engagement,
public opposition still ranked in the top 5 of our
project risks” Longannet Project. - UK
LEFT: Opposition group
posters against the
Barendrecht Project - Holland
Linlithgow Academy Pupil’s Science Communication
Posters - reflecting community support and
understanding of CCS.
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