8. 視覺障礙者在行動安全的問題與風險
發生意外的地點
室內 戶外
1 Visual acuity, visual disabilities
and falling in the elderly (1994)
視力缺損導致跌倒風險增加 V
2 Sensory deficit and the risk of
pedestrian injury (1995)
跌倒風險、意外傷害偵測 V
3 Executive Director of the
Upshaw Institute for the Blind
(1995)
盲人指引學院 V
4 Visual impairment and falls in
older adults: The Blue
Mountains Eye Study (1998)
針對老人視力病變提高跌倒風險
甚至骨折須住院開刀
V V
5 Visual risk factors for falls in
older people (2006)
跌倒風險、長者視力缺損考量因子 V V
8
視覺障礙者在行動上面臨之困難
9. • Mobility-Related Accidents Experienced by People with Visual Impairment
• 探討視障者在使用導盲犬比使用白手杖 (white cane) 發生頭部意外的頻率
• 輔具的類型可能影響視障者外出的頻率
相關研究 I
9(Research and Practice in Visual Impairment and Blindness, 2011, Volume 4, Number 2)
許多的研究學者陸續開發出一些IT-based輔具,應用在行動安全方
面,以協助改善視覺障礙者的生活品質。
10. • The Guide Cane — Applying Mobile Robot Technologies to Assist the Visually Impaired
• 利用智慧型導引手杖協助使用者在室內避開障礙物
• 設計者卻無法協助使用者偵測平台上的掉落物 且不適用在戶外
相關研究 II
10
(IEEE,2001 ,Vol. 31, No. 2, pp. 131-136 )
11. 目前研究現況
研究主題 優點 缺點
用法
行
室內 戶外 活動交通
1 The Guide Cane — Applying Mobile
Robot Technologies to Assist the Visually
Impaired (2001)
可直接避開障
礙物
體積太重
只適用於室
內
V V
2 Multisensory virtual environment for
supporting blind persons’ acquisition of
spatial cognitive mapping, orientation,
and mobility skills (2002)
利用聲音反饋
到達目標物或
角落
必須沿牆角
走
只適用於室
內
V V
3 The Smart Vision Navigation Prototype
for the Blind (2006)
集合了GPS 無
線網絡RFID來
導航
但無法取代
白手杖 V V V
4 Assistive Devices for Balance and Mobility:
Benefits, Demands, and Adverse
Consequences (2005)
提供一個設計
準則以
缺乏安全性
為考量 V
5 Mobility-Related Accidents Experienced
by People with Visual Impairment (2011)
只注意路面崎
嶇不平坑洞
沒有考慮空
間高度 V V
11
19. References
• Mobility-Related Accidents Experienced by People with Visual Impairment
(Roberto Manduchi, 2011)
• Assistive Devices for Balance and Mobility: Benefits, Demands, and Adverse
Consequence (Hamid Bateni et al, 2005)
• The Guide Cane — Applying Mobile Robot Technologies to Assist the Visually
Impaired (Iwan Ulrich, 2002)
• Multisensory virtual environment for supporting blind persons’ acquisition of
spatial cognitive mapping, orientation, and mobility skills
• Are we blind to injuries in the visually impaired ? A review of the literature
(O Lahav and D Mioduser, 2002)
• Visual risk factors for falls in older people (Lord,2006)
• Visual impairment and falls in older adults: The Blue Mountains Eye Study
(Ivers et al,1998)
• Executive Director of the Upshaw Institute for the Blind(C.Jackson,1995)
• Sensory deficit and the risk of pedestrian injury (Roberts et al,1995)
• Visual acuity, visual disabilities and falling in the elderly (Arfken,1994)
19