based on http://1984-honors.wikispaces.com/file/view/Dystopias.pdf

1. Utopia and Dystopia
English IV: Honors
Mr. Gilliand

2. Defining our terms
Expressed most simply, a utopia is a perfect place.
Conversely, a dystopia is a bad place.

3. It’s all Greek to me.
Dys - a prefix from Greek meaning bad, harsh, wrong; ill; hard to, difficult at; slow
of; disordered.
Eu - a prefix from Greek meaning good.
Ou - a prefix from Greek meaning not.
Topia - a root from Greek meaning place - originally a field.
Dystopia - literally, a bad place, often used as a literary device in which authors
warn readers of the dangers of society's present course if continued in the future. A
futuristic, imagined universe in which oppressive societal control and the illusion of
a perfect society are maintained through corporate, bureaucratic, technological,
moral, or totalitarian control. Dystopias, through an exaggerated worst-case
scenario, make a criticism about a current trend, societal norm, or political system.
Eutopia/Utopia - an ideal place that does not exist in reality. A place, state, or
condition that is ideally perfect in respect of politics, laws, customs, and conditions
(From Greek outopia meaning no place and eutopia meaning good place.)

4. Modern Origin
Sir Thomas More
Wrote “Utopia” in Latin in 1516
The word is derived from the Greek words -ou, "not", and -topos
"place"; hence Outopia means "no-place".
In early modern English, Utopia was spelled "Eutopie”, because
of confusion with the prefix -eu, “good”, which is pronounced the
same as -ou in English.
The implication of More’s original meaning, “no-place”, is that
outopia is unattainable.
Consequently, our word dystopia is flawed in that it was created
to contrast a word whose original meaning has been lost.

5. Characteristics of a
Dystopian Society

6. Characteristics of a
Dystopian Society
Propaganda is used to control the citizens of society.

7. Characteristics of a
Dystopian Society
Information, independent thought, and freedom are
restricted.

8. Characteristics of a
Dystopian Society
A figurehead or concept is worshipped by the citizens
of the society.

9. Characteristics of a
Dystopian Society
Citizens are perceived to be under constant
surveillance.

10. Characteristics of a
Dystopian Society
Citizens have a fear of the outside world.

11. Characteristics of a
Dystopian Society
Citizens live in a dehumanized state.

12. Characteristics of a
Dystopian Society
The natural world is banished and distrusted.

13. Characteristics of a
Dystopian Society
Citizens conform to uniform expectations. Individuality
and dissent are bad.

14. The Dystopian Protagonist

15. The Dystopian Protagonist
Often feels trapped and is struggling to escape.

16. The Dystopian Protagonist
Questions the existing social and political systems.

17. The Dystopian Protagonist
Believes or feels that something is terribly wrong with
the society in which he or she lives.

18. The Dystopian Protagonist
Helps the audience recognize the negative aspects of
the dystopian world through his or her perspective

19. Dystopian Controls

20. Dystopian Controls
Most dystopian works present a world in which
oppressive societal control and the illusion of a perfect
society are maintained through one or more of the
following types of controls:

21. Dystopian Controls
Corporate control: One or more large corporations
control society through products, advertising, and/or
the media. Examples include Minority Report and
Running Man.

22. Dystopian Controls
Bureaucratic control: Society is controlled by a
mindless bureaucracy through a tangle of red tape,
relentless regulations, and incompetent government
officials. Examples in film include Brazil.

23. Dystopian Controls
Technological control: Society is controlled by
technology—through computers, robots, and/or
scientific means. Examples include The Matrix, The
Terminator, and I, Robot.

24. Dystopian Controls
Philosophical/religious control: Society is controlled
by philosophical or religious ideology often enforced
through a dictatorship or theocratic government.

25. Dystopian fiction

26. Traits of Dystopian Fiction
The society is an illusion of a perfect utopian world.

27. Traits of Dystopian Fiction
A selectively told back story of a war, revolution,
uprising, spike in overpopulation, natural disaster or
some other climatic event which resulted in dramatic
changes to society

28. Traits of Dystopian Fiction
A standard of living among the lower and middle class
that is generally poorer than in the contemporary
society. This is not always the case.

29. Traits of Dystopian Fiction
A protagonist who questions the society.

30. Traits of Dystopian Fiction
The dystopian protagonist often feels trapped and is
struggling to escape; questions the existing social and
political systems; believes or feels that something is
terribly wrong with the society in which he or she lives;
helps the audience recognizes the negative aspects of
the dystopian world through his or her perspective.

31. Traits of Dystopian Fiction
Necessarily, if it is based on our world, a shift of
emphasis of control to corporations, autocratic cliques
or bureaucracies.

32. Traits of Dystopian Fiction
Because dystopian literature takes place in the future,
it often features technology more advanced than that of
the contemporary society. Usually, the advanced
technology comparable to or more primitive than what
we have today.

33. Traits of Dystopian Fiction
For the reader to engage with it, dystopian fiction
typically has one other trait: familiarity. It is not
enough to show people living in a society
that seems pleasant. The society must have echoes of
today, of the reader’s own experience. If the reader can
identify the patterns or trends that would lead to the
dystopia, it becomes a more involving and effective
experience. Authors can use a dystopia effectively to
highlight their own concerns about societal trends