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Jason myth gibbs_edited
- 1. Jason and the Argonauts a Greek myth
- 2. Long ago, in ancient Greece, a young man named Jason set out on an incredible nautical expedition in the company of a heroic band of explorers.
- 3. Thessaly
- 4. But his story begins in the Kingdom of Iolcus …
- 5. Not long before Jason was born, a greedy uncle named Pelias seized the throne from Jason's father, Aeson, Pelias’s half-brother to a mortal father. He threw former King Aeson in priosn.
- 6. When the Aeson'swife gave birth to Jason – the rightful heir to the throne – she worried that Pelias might kill him and decided to hide the baby.
- 7. Pretending that Jason had died, she sent him far from Iolcus to live with a loyal centaur named Chiron. Chiron cared for and tutored Jason. Jason grew strong and smart.
- 8. And when Jason was full grown, he went back to Iolcus to confront his uncle.Pelias was warned, “Beware of a stranger with only one sandal.”
- 9. On Jason’s way to Iolcus He helped a woman across a stream She turned out to be Hera in disguise He lost a sandal helping the goddess. Hera wanted the sorceress Medea brought from the far-away land of Colchis to get revenge on King Pelias for not worshiping her She used her powers to help protect Jason on his journey for the fleece
- 10. To Jason's surprise, Uncle Pelias agreed to give up the kingdom if Jason would do just one little thing: capture a golden fleece – the skin of a magical ram – from the Kingdom of Colchis, a land at the very farthest reaches of the known world.
- 11. Impossible? Maybe. But buoyed by youthful confidence and the spirit of adventure, Jason accepted the challenge.
- 12. Pelias was adamant that Jason would never return to Iolcus alive. But Jason knew that with perseverance, sagacity, a team of talented helpers, the best tools and equipment, and a bit of good fortune (or help from some friendly Greek gods), the impossible might just be possible.
- 13. So Jason sent out a call to anyone game for adventure, and the bravest and most talented men and women in all of Greece – including the strong man Hercules – answered his call.
- 14. Together they sailed off in a mighty ship called the Argo, the biggest and best boat the Greeks had ever sailed.
- 15. The crew members were called Argonauts, in honor of the boat.
- 16. They sailed to the ends of the known world to reach the Kingdom of Colchis.
- 17. On their long journey, Jason and the Argonauts made many discoveries and faced many dangers.
- 18. All their obstacles Phineus and the Harpies The Symplegades – Clashing Rocks The Women of Lemnos Yoke fire-breathing bulls Sew the dragon’s teeth and fight the army of the dead Defeat a seven-headed hydra Talos the Giant
- 19. Phineas and the Harpies Gods made Phineas choose to live long blind, or short life with sight. Phineaus chose long life blind. This angered Helios who sent in the harpies.
- 20. Isle of Lemnos Controlled by woman who killed their husbands Jason landed and all of his men including him were almost sacrificed Hercules pressured the men into leaving
- 21. The Sympledges (clashing Rocks) Released a dove to see if it could make it through When the dove made it through he told the Argonauts to row with all their might The Argo made it through with minor damages. Sympledges never moved again
- 22. Having defeated the harpies, the clashing rocks, women of Lemnos, Talus, they arrive at Colchis, land of the Golden Fleece.King Aietes did not want to give up the fleece. And so he thought of two impossible task for the Argonauts to perform: Yoke fire-breathing bulls and sew the dragon’s teeth.
- 23. King Aeëtes of Colchis had a daughter named Medea. Medea feel in love with Jason and gave him secrets to yoke the bulls and defeat the army of the dead that spring from the dragon’s teeth.
- 24. Actually Medea was struck by Ero’s arrow of love. Eros was sent by Aphrodite, who was influenced by Hera.
- 25. With Medea’s help, Jason wins the ram. Her father discovers her treachery and Medea sails off with Jason to become his wife.
- 26. The Getaway Jason and Medea have to flee to get away from King Aeetes with the Fleece As a diversion Medea kills her brother and throws pieces of him into the sea so her father has to pick them up
- 27. Jason returned to Iolcus to save his father – and to tell tales of a world beyond Greece that few had dared to explore.
- 28. Jason’s Return Peliaswould not give up the throne Medea sagaciously convinced Pelias’sdaughters that her magic could make Pelias young again. They chopped him up and put him in a cauldron as instructed. Medea said, “Fooled you,” and walked away.
- 29. Their plan backfired Instead of being declared king, the people of Iolcus were angry at Medea for practicing sorcery on their king, even if they didn’t like him. They were chased off the land and floated to Corinth
- 30. Jason’s infidelity In Corinth Jason got engaged to marry the princess Creusa, daughter of King Kreon This made Medea angry…….
- 31. The End
- 32. Pictures downloaded from the following web sites:Greek Mythology Linkhttp://homepage.mac.com/cparada/GML/index.htmlMIThttp://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/History/21H-301Fall-2004/CourseHome/Wikipediahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jasonbama.eduhttp://bama.ua.edu/~ksummers/projects/jason/jason_and_the_argonauts.htmA Glossary of Terms Used in Heraldry http://www.heraldsnet.org/saitou/parker/index.htmand Symplegades: The Other World:http://livingheritage.org/symplegades.htmand Howard David Johnson’s Myths and Legends of the Ancient World:http://www.howarddavidjohnson.com/myth&.htm
- 33. Story adapted from the JASON Foundation web site:http://www.jason.org/jason_about/myth/agroMore.htm
Hinweis der Redaktion
- Phineas and the HarpiesSoon Jason reached the court of Phineas of Salmydessus in Thrace. Phineas had been given the gift of prophecy by Apollo, but was later given the choice of being blind and having a long life, or having sight and having a short life, for revealing to humans the deliberations of the gods. He chose to be blind. Helios the sun god sent the Harpies, creatures with the body of a bird and the head of a woman, to prevent Phineas from eating any more than what was necessary to live, because he was enraged that Phineas had chosen to live in a continual state of darkness than live in the sun he provided. Jason took pity on the emaciated king and killed the Harpies when they returned (In other versions Calais and Zetes chase the Harpies away). In return for this favor, Phineas revealed to Jason the location of Colchis and how to pass the Symplegades, or The Clashing Rocks, and then they parted.
- On the way back to Iolcus, Medeaprophesised to Euphemus, the Argo's helmsman, that one day he would rule Libya. This came true through Battus, a descendant of Euphemus. Zeus, as punishment for the slaughter of Medea's own brother, sent a series of storms at the Argo and blew it off course. The Argo then spoke and said that they should seek purification with Circe, a nymph living on the island called Aeaea. After being cleansed, they continued their journey home.SirensChiron had told Jason that without the aid of Orpheus, the Argonauts would never be able to pass the Sirens — the same Sirens encountered by Odysseus in Homer's epic poem the Odyssey. The Sirens lived on three small, rocky islands called Sirenumscopuli and sang beautiful songs that enticed sailors to come to them, which resulted in the crashing of their ship into the islands. When Orpheus heard their voices, he drew his lyre and played music that was more beautiful and louder, drowning out the Sirens' bewitching songs.TalosThe Argo then came to the island of Crete, guarded by the bronze man, Talos. As the ship approached, Talos hurled huge stones at the ship, keeping it at bay. Talos had one blood vessel which went from his neck to his ankle, bound shut by only one bronze nail (as in metal casting by the lost wax method). Medea cast a spell on Talos to calm him; she removed the bronze nail and Talos bled to death. The Argo was then able to sail on.Jason returnsMedea, using her sorcery, claimed to Pelias' daughters that she could make their father younger by chopping him up into pieces and boiling the pieces in a cauldron of water and magical herbs. She demonstrated this remarkable feat with a sheep, which leapt out of the cauldron as a lamb. The girls, rather naively, sliced and diced their father and put him in the cauldron. Medea did not add the magical herbs, and Pelias was dead.[It should be noted that Thomas Bulfinch has an antecedent to the interaction of Medea and the daughters of Pelias. Jason, celebrating his return with the Golden Fleece, noted that his father was too aged and infirm to participate in the celebrations. He had seen and been served by Medea's magical powers. He asked Medea to take some years from his life and add them to the life of his father. She did so, but at no such cost to Jason's life. {See Thomas Bulfinch, page 134; compare to Shakespeare's witches in Macbeth.} Pelias' daughters saw this and wanted the same service for their father.] Pelias' son, Acastus, drove Jason and Medea into exile for the murder, and the couple settled in Corinth.Treachery of JasonIn Corinth, Jason became engaged to marry Creusa (sometimes referred to as Glauce), a daughter of the King of Corinth, to strengthen his political ties. When Medea confronted Jason about the engagement and cited all the help she had given him, he retorted that it was not she that he should thank, but Aphrodite who made Medea fall in love with him. Infuriated with Jason for breaking his vow that he would be hers forever, Medea took her revenge by presenting to Creusa a cursed dress, as a wedding gift, that stuck to her body and burned her to death as soon as she put it on. Creusa's father, Creon, burned to death with his daughter as he tried to save her. Then Medea killed the two boys that she bore to Jason, fearing that they would be murdered or enslaved as a result of their mother's actions. When Jason came to know of this, Medea was already gone; she fled to Athens in a chariot sent by her grandfather, the sun-god Helios.Later Jason and Peleus, father of the hero Achilles, attacked and defeated Acastus, reclaiming the throne of Iolcus for himself once more. Jason's son, Thessalus, then became king.Because he broke his vow to love Medea forever, Jason lost his favor with Hera and died lonely and unhappy. He was asleep under the stern of the rotting Argo when it fell on him, killing him instantly. The manner of his death was due to the deities cursing him for breaking his promise to Medea.
- After the death of King Cretheus, the Aeolian Pelias usurped the Iolcan throne from his half-brother Aeson and became king of Iolcus in Thessaly (near the modern city of Volos). Because of this unlawful act, an oracle warned him that a descendant of Aeolus would seek revenge. Pelias put to death every prominent descendant of Aeolus he could, but spared Aeson because of the pleas of their mother Tyro. Instead, Pelias kept Aeson prisoner and forced him to renounce his inheritance. Aeson married Alcimede, who bore him a son named Diomedes. Pelias intended to kill the baby at once, but Alcimede summoned her kinswomen to weep over him as if he were stillborn. She faked a burial and smuggled the baby to Mount Pelion. He was raised by the centaurChiron, who changed the boy's name to Jason.When Jason was 20 years old, an oracle ordered him to dress as a Magnesian and head to the Iolcan court. While traveling Jason lost his sandal crossing the muddy Anavros river while helping an old woman (Hera in disguise) ford. The goddess was angry with King Pelias for killing his stepmother Sidero after she had sought refuge in Hera's temple.Another oracle warned Pelias to be on his guard against a man with one shoe. Pelias was presiding over a sacrifice to Poseidon with several neighboring kings in attendance. Among the crowd stood a tall youth in leopard skin with only one sandal. Pelias recognized that Jason was his cousin. He could not kill him because prominent kings of the Aeolian family were present. Instead, he asked Jason: "What would you do if an oracle announced that one of your fellow-citizens were destined to kill you?". Jason replied that he would send him to go and fetch the Golden Fleece, not knowing that Hera had put those words in his mouth.Jason learned later that Pelias was being haunted by the ghost of Phrixus. Phrixus had fled from Orchomenus riding on a divine ram to avoid being sacrificed and took refuge in Colchis where he was later denied proper burial. According to an oracle, Iolcus would never prosper unless his ghost was taken back in a ship, together with the golden ram's fleece. This fleece now hung from a tree in the grove of the Colchian Ares, guarded night and day by a dragon that never slept. Pelias swore before Zeus that he would give up the throne at Jason's return while expecting that Jason's attempt to steal the Golden Fleece would be a fatal enterprise. However, Hera acted in Jason's favour during the perilous journey.Jason was accompanied by some of the principal heroes of ancient Greece. The number of Argonauts varies, but usually totals between 40 and 55; traditional versions of the story place their number at 50.Some have hypothesized that the legend of the Golden Fleece was based on a practice of the Black Sea tribes; they would place a lamb's fleece at the bottom of a stream to entrap gold dust being washed down from upstream. This practice was still in use in recent times, particularly in the Svaneti region of Georgia. See Golden Fleece for other interpretations.