This document discusses factors that affect team cohesion and the relationship between cohesion and performance. It identifies four main factors that influence cohesion according to Carron's model: environment, leadership, group attributes, and team stability. Higher levels of cohesion are generally linked to better performance, though some research has found little connection. Cohesion tends to have a greater impact on interactive team sports that require coordination between players compared to individual sports.

1. Cohesion:
Factors affecting cohesion
Relationship between cohesion and performance.

2. Aim: By the end of this session student will
 Describe the factors that affect team cohesion and
identify the relationship between cohesion and
performance.
Objectives: By the end of this session students will
 Identify the factors that affect team performance.
 Describe how they affect team performance.
 Explain the link between cohesion and performance.

3. How do we define cohesion?
 What is task cohesion?
 What is social cohesion?
What role does the coach play when creating
an affective team climate.
What is a sociogram? (Can you draw one?)

4. In pairs write down all the different situations
that can affect team cohesion.
Have you ever been affected by any of the
factors that you have wrote down?
How did they affect your performance?

5. Carron’s conceptual model of cohesion has
been put forward to explain the factors
effecting cohesion.
It has suggested that there are four main
factors.
Environment: Personal
Leadership: Team

6. Groups that are closer to each other (in terms
of location) tend to be more cohesive.
 This is because members can communicate with
each other.
The size of the group is also important.
 How do you act in smaller groups? How does this
affect your performance?

7. In smaller groups, you will have the
opportunity to speak to other people more.
The same applies in sports teams. The smaller
the teams, the greater the opportunity to
interact with others and to form relationship.

8. The characteristics of the individual are
important factor in group cohesion.
If the individual is motivated to achieve the
group’s aims and objectives, from similar
social backgrounds, have similar attitudes and
have similar levels of commitment. The group
is more likely to be to be cohesive.

9. The main factor that can affect group
cohesion is the leadership style that the
leader adopts.
The three main leadership styles are
 Autocratic – ‘do this’, ‘do it like this’.
 Democratic – ‘How do you think we can do this’.
 Laissez-faire – ‘here the problem/ you solve it’.

10. If the team can stay together for long
periods, this allows relationship to develop
between group members.
 This allows relationship to develop between group
members.
 Another consideration is what the group has been
through together.
 Greater in groups who have experienced a range
of successes and failures together over a period of
time.

11. The greater level of cohesion, the higher the
level of performance.
 However, some research has shown that cohesion
has little or no effects on performance.

12. Interactive sports – Coactive sports –
 Such as football, basketball,  Such as
and volleyball. bowling, archery, and golf.
 These require a greater deal  These require little, if
of direct interaction and any, direct interaction or
coordination between coordination.
players.
• Therefore: -
Cohesion has a greater influence on performance in
interactive sports than it does on coactive sports.

13. Aim: By the end of this session student will
 Describe the factors that affect team cohesion and
identify the relationship between cohesion and
performance.
Objectives: By the end of this session students will
 Identify the factors that affect team performance.
 Describe how they affect team performance.
 Explain the link between cohesion and performance.