03 Sec 1 Cht 10 Rivers 08

Chapter 10 Rivers and Environments

What will I learn today? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Distribution of Water on the Earth Salt water (97%) Fresh water (3%) Fresh water Almost three-quarters of the Earth’s surface is covered with water Groundwater (29%) Glaciers, ice sheets (70%) Seas, lakes, rivers (1%)

The Hydrologic Cycle ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Evaporation : Heat from the Sun causes water to change to water vapour Transpiration : Water vapour given out by plants Condensation Rainfall

The Hydrologic Cycle ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],1 Clouds form when water vapour condenses to form water droplets 2 Water droplets combine to form bigger water droplets 3 Water droplets get bigger and heavier 4 When the water droplets become too heavy to float, they fall as rain or snow

The River System ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

A river is a body of water that flows in a channel. Aided by gravity, it always flows downhill from its source. A river can be divided into three sections — the upper, middle and lower courses. River source Tributaries River mouth Upper course Middle course Lower course

The Drainage Basin ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

The Drainage Basin The area drained by a river and its tributaries River River source Tributary River mouth Drainage basin Watershed

Rivers Features: 1. Valleys ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],A river cutting through a valley

Rivers Features: 2. Waterfalls ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Features formed by rivers ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Features formed by rivers TB PG 120 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Features formed by rivers TB PG 120 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

How do Rivers Affect People? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

How do Rivers Affect People? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],How do Rivers Affect People?

Photo 10-3 The satellite image captures a stretch of the Yangtze River and its tributaries. The red portions indicate areas with vegetation. Inset (yellow box) shows the construction site of the Three Gorges Dam.

03 Sec 1 Cht 10 Rivers 08

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03 Sec 1 Cht 10 Rivers 08