4. Perfect
Monopoly
Competition
Number of Firms Many One
Type of Product Identical Unique
Ease of Entry Easy Blocked
Demand D = MR D > MR
Commodities
Utilities
Examples Rice
Government
Apples
5. Perfect
Monopoly
Competition
Number of Firms Many One
Type of Product Identical Unique
Ease of Entry Easy Blocked
Demand D = MR D > MR
Commodities
Utilities
Examples Rice
Government
Apples
6. Perfect
Monopoly
Competition
Number of Firms Many One
Type of Product Identical Unique
Ease of Entry Easy Blocked
Demand D = MR D > MR
Commodities
Utilities
Examples Rice
Government
Apples
100. Monopoly
$
Marginal Cost
MC
1. MR=MC?
P
Demand
Marginal Revenue MR
Q Q
101. Monopoly
$
Marginal Cost
MC
1. MR=MC?
P
2. TR= P x Q
Demand
Marginal Revenue MR
Q Q
102. Monopoly
$
Marginal Cost
MC Average Cost
ATC
1. MR=MC?
P
2. TR= P x Q
Demand
Marginal Revenue MR
Q Q
103. Monopoly
$
Marginal Cost
MC Average Cost
ATC
1. MR=MC?
P
2. TR= P x Q
3. TC=ATC x Q
Demand
Marginal Revenue MR
Q Q
104. Monopoly
$
Marginal Cost
MC Average Cost
ATC
1. MR=MC?
P
2. TR= P x Q
3. TC=ATC x Q
Demand
Marginal Revenue MR
Q Q
105. Monopoly
$
Marginal Cost
MC Average Cost
ATC
1. MR=MC?
P
2. TR= P x Q
3. TC=ATC x Q
Demand
Marginal Revenue MR
Q Q
106. Monopoly
$
Marginal Cost
MC Average Cost
ATC
1. MR=MC?
P
2. TR= P x Q
3. TC=ATC x Q
Demand
Marginal Revenue MR
Q Q
107. Monopoly
$
Marginal Cost
MC Average Cost
ATC
1. MR=MC?
P
2. TR= P x Q
3. TC=ATC x Q
Cost Demand
Marginal Revenue MR
Q Q
108. Monopoly
$
Marginal Cost
MC Average Cost
ATC
1. MR=MC?
P
2. TR= P x Q
3. TC=ATC x Q
4. Profit =TR-TC
or (P-ATC) x Q
Cost Demand
Marginal Revenue MR
Q Q
109. Monopoly
$
Marginal Cost
MC Average Cost
ATC
1. MR=MC?
P
2. TR= P x Q
3. TC=ATC x Q
4. Profit =TR-TC
or (P-ATC) x Q
Cost Demand
Marginal Revenue MR
Q Q
110. Monopoly
$
Marginal Cost
MC Average Cost
ATC
1. MR=MC?
P
Profit 2. TR= P x Q
3. TC=ATC x Q
4. Profit =TR-TC
or (P-ATC) x Q
Cost Demand
Marginal Revenue MR
Q Q
111. Monopoly
$
Marginal Cost
MC Average Cost
ATC
1. MR=MC?
P
Profit 2. TR= P x Q
3. TC=ATC x Q
4. Profit =TR-TC
or (P-ATC) x Q
Cost Demand
Marginal Revenue MR
Q Q
112. Monopoly
$
Marginal Cost
Consumer
MC Average Cost
Surplus
ATC
1. MR=MC?
P
Profit 2. TR= P x Q
3. TC=ATC x Q
4. Profit =TR-TC
or (P-ATC) x Q
Cost Demand
Marginal Revenue MR
Q Q
113. Monopoly
$
Marginal Cost
Consumer
MC Average Cost
Surplus
ATC
1. MR=MC?
P
Profit 2. TR= P x Q
3. TC=ATC x Q
4. Profit =TR-TC
or (P-ATC) x Q
Cost Demand
Marginal Revenue MR
Q Q
114. Monopoly
$
Marginal Cost
Consumer
MC Average Cost
Surplus
ATC
Deadweight 1. MR=MC?
P Loss
Profit 2. TR= P x Q
3. TC=ATC x Q
4. Profit =TR-TC
or (P-ATC) x Q
Cost Demand
Marginal Revenue MR
Q Q
Perfect Competition\n\nIn this video we’re going to talk about Perfect Competition.\n\nFirst we’ll draw and label our price-quantity graph.\n\nThen we’ll draw the demand curve.\n\nRemember that under perfect competition there is one price level for all individual sellers. This means the demand curve is flat. This also means the marginal revenue curve is the same as the demand curve. So price and demand and marginal revenue are all on the same line.\n\nSo the first question we want to answer is “At what level should we produce to maximize profits?” We always answer this question with the equation MR=MC.\nSo we need to see a marginal cost curve. This curve is a “U-shape” to indicate that costs typically tend to decline and then increase. \n\nNow that we have a MR and a MC curve we can pin-point the intersection. \n\nThe next step is to draw a vertical line down to the Quantity axis. This line will point to the quantity we should produce to maximize profits. \n\nWe can then calculate Total Revenue. This is P times Q, or this area.\n\nThe next step is to calculate Total Costs. Total Costs are calculated as ATC x Q. We need the ATC curve to do this. Once we know the ATC then we pin-point the intersection of the ATC curve and the vertical line we drew. Then we daw a horizontal line from this point over to the price axis. The area below this line represents our total costs. \n\nNow we can calculate profits. The equation is TR -TC, or another way is (Price-ATC) x Q. \n\nLet’s quickly review. We start with a flat demand curve which is also our marginal revenue curve. We then add a marginal cost curve. Using MR=MR we pinpoint the profit maximizing location and draw a line down to quantity. This are is total revenue. We then look at the Average Total Cost curve and pinpoint where it crosses our line and then draw a horizontal line. The area below this line is Total Cost and the area above is profit. \n\nLets look at another example.\n\nWe start with a flat demand curve which is also our marginal revenue curve. We then add a marginal cost curve. Using MR=MR we pinpoint the profit maximizing location and draw a line down to quantity. This are is total revenue. In this case the ATC curve is above the price line. If this is the case we will be looking for the location that minimizes losses. We pinpoint where ATC crosses our line and then draw a horizontal line. The area is Total Cost. Since Total Costs are larger than Total Revenue, this area represents our losses. Remember that using MC=MR we can figure out where our losses are minimized. \n\nAlright, now you know how to analyze Perfect Competition. \n\nDon’t forget you can rewind this video to make sure you understand how the graph works.\n
Perfect Competition\n\nIn this video we’re going to talk about Perfect Competition.\n\nFirst we’ll draw and label our price-quantity graph.\n\nThen we’ll draw the demand curve.\n\nRemember that under perfect competition there is one price level for all individual sellers. This means the demand curve is flat. This also means the marginal revenue curve is the same as the demand curve. So price and demand and marginal revenue are all on the same line.\n\nSo the first question we want to answer is “At what level should we produce to maximize profits?” We always answer this question with the equation MR=MC.\nSo we need to see a marginal cost curve. This curve is a “U-shape” to indicate that costs typically tend to decline and then increase. \n\nNow that we have a MR and a MC curve we can pin-point the intersection. \n\nThe next step is to draw a vertical line down to the Quantity axis. This line will point to the quantity we should produce to maximize profits. \n\nWe can then calculate Total Revenue. This is P times Q, or this area.\n\nThe next step is to calculate Total Costs. Total Costs are calculated as ATC x Q. We need the ATC curve to do this. Once we know the ATC then we pin-point the intersection of the ATC curve and the vertical line we drew. Then we daw a horizontal line from this point over to the price axis. The area below this line represents our total costs. \n\nNow we can calculate profits. The equation is TR -TC, or another way is (Price-ATC) x Q. \n\nLet’s quickly review. We start with a flat demand curve which is also our marginal revenue curve. We then add a marginal cost curve. Using MR=MR we pinpoint the profit maximizing location and draw a line down to quantity. This are is total revenue. We then look at the Average Total Cost curve and pinpoint where it crosses our line and then draw a horizontal line. The area below this line is Total Cost and the area above is profit. \n\nLets look at another example.\n\nWe start with a flat demand curve which is also our marginal revenue curve. We then add a marginal cost curve. Using MR=MR we pinpoint the profit maximizing location and draw a line down to quantity. This are is total revenue. In this case the ATC curve is above the price line. If this is the case we will be looking for the location that minimizes losses. We pinpoint where ATC crosses our line and then draw a horizontal line. The area is Total Cost. Since Total Costs are larger than Total Revenue, this area represents our losses. Remember that using MC=MR we can figure out where our losses are minimized. \n\nAlright, now you know how to analyze Perfect Competition. \n\nDon’t forget you can rewind this video to make sure you understand how the graph works.\n
Perfect Competition\n\nIn this video we’re going to talk about Perfect Competition.\n\nFirst we’ll draw and label our price-quantity graph.\n\nThen we’ll draw the demand curve.\n\nRemember that under perfect competition there is one price level for all individual sellers. This means the demand curve is flat. This also means the marginal revenue curve is the same as the demand curve. So price and demand and marginal revenue are all on the same line.\n\nSo the first question we want to answer is “At what level should we produce to maximize profits?” We always answer this question with the equation MR=MC.\nSo we need to see a marginal cost curve. This curve is a “U-shape” to indicate that costs typically tend to decline and then increase. \n\nNow that we have a MR and a MC curve we can pin-point the intersection. \n\nThe next step is to draw a vertical line down to the Quantity axis. This line will point to the quantity we should produce to maximize profits. \n\nWe can then calculate Total Revenue. This is P times Q, or this area.\n\nThe next step is to calculate Total Costs. Total Costs are calculated as ATC x Q. We need the ATC curve to do this. Once we know the ATC then we pin-point the intersection of the ATC curve and the vertical line we drew. Then we daw a horizontal line from this point over to the price axis. The area below this line represents our total costs. \n\nNow we can calculate profits. The equation is TR -TC, or another way is (Price-ATC) x Q. \n\nLet’s quickly review. We start with a flat demand curve which is also our marginal revenue curve. We then add a marginal cost curve. Using MR=MR we pinpoint the profit maximizing location and draw a line down to quantity. This are is total revenue. We then look at the Average Total Cost curve and pinpoint where it crosses our line and then draw a horizontal line. The area below this line is Total Cost and the area above is profit. \n\nLets look at another example.\n\nWe start with a flat demand curve which is also our marginal revenue curve. We then add a marginal cost curve. Using MR=MR we pinpoint the profit maximizing location and draw a line down to quantity. This are is total revenue. In this case the ATC curve is above the price line. If this is the case we will be looking for the location that minimizes losses. We pinpoint where ATC crosses our line and then draw a horizontal line. The area is Total Cost. Since Total Costs are larger than Total Revenue, this area represents our losses. Remember that using MC=MR we can figure out where our losses are minimized. \n\nAlright, now you know how to analyze Perfect Competition. \n\nDon’t forget you can rewind this video to make sure you understand how the graph works.\n
Perfect Competition\n\nIn this video we’re going to talk about Perfect Competition.\n\nFirst we’ll draw and label our price-quantity graph.\n\nThen we’ll draw the demand curve.\n\nRemember that under perfect competition there is one price level for all individual sellers. This means the demand curve is flat. This also means the marginal revenue curve is the same as the demand curve. So price and demand and marginal revenue are all on the same line.\n\nSo the first question we want to answer is “At what level should we produce to maximize profits?” We always answer this question with the equation MR=MC.\nSo we need to see a marginal cost curve. This curve is a “U-shape” to indicate that costs typically tend to decline and then increase. \n\nNow that we have a MR and a MC curve we can pin-point the intersection. \n\nThe next step is to draw a vertical line down to the Quantity axis. This line will point to the quantity we should produce to maximize profits. \n\nWe can then calculate Total Revenue. This is P times Q, or this area.\n\nThe next step is to calculate Total Costs. Total Costs are calculated as ATC x Q. We need the ATC curve to do this. Once we know the ATC then we pin-point the intersection of the ATC curve and the vertical line we drew. Then we daw a horizontal line from this point over to the price axis. The area below this line represents our total costs. \n\nNow we can calculate profits. The equation is TR -TC, or another way is (Price-ATC) x Q. \n\nLet’s quickly review. We start with a flat demand curve which is also our marginal revenue curve. We then add a marginal cost curve. Using MR=MR we pinpoint the profit maximizing location and draw a line down to quantity. This are is total revenue. We then look at the Average Total Cost curve and pinpoint where it crosses our line and then draw a horizontal line. The area below this line is Total Cost and the area above is profit. \n\nLets look at another example.\n\nWe start with a flat demand curve which is also our marginal revenue curve. We then add a marginal cost curve. Using MR=MR we pinpoint the profit maximizing location and draw a line down to quantity. This are is total revenue. In this case the ATC curve is above the price line. If this is the case we will be looking for the location that minimizes losses. We pinpoint where ATC crosses our line and then draw a horizontal line. The area is Total Cost. Since Total Costs are larger than Total Revenue, this area represents our losses. Remember that using MC=MR we can figure out where our losses are minimized. \n\nAlright, now you know how to analyze Perfect Competition. \n\nDon’t forget you can rewind this video to make sure you understand how the graph works.\n
Perfect Competition\n\nIn this video we’re going to talk about Perfect Competition.\n\nFirst we’ll draw and label our price-quantity graph.\n\nThen we’ll draw the demand curve.\n\nRemember that under perfect competition there is one price level for all individual sellers. This means the demand curve is flat. This also means the marginal revenue curve is the same as the demand curve. So price and demand and marginal revenue are all on the same line.\n\nSo the first question we want to answer is “At what level should we produce to maximize profits?” We always answer this question with the equation MR=MC.\nSo we need to see a marginal cost curve. This curve is a “U-shape” to indicate that costs typically tend to decline and then increase. \n\nNow that we have a MR and a MC curve we can pin-point the intersection. \n\nThe next step is to draw a vertical line down to the Quantity axis. This line will point to the quantity we should produce to maximize profits. \n\nWe can then calculate Total Revenue. This is P times Q, or this area.\n\nThe next step is to calculate Total Costs. Total Costs are calculated as ATC x Q. We need the ATC curve to do this. Once we know the ATC then we pin-point the intersection of the ATC curve and the vertical line we drew. Then we daw a horizontal line from this point over to the price axis. The area below this line represents our total costs. \n\nNow we can calculate profits. The equation is TR -TC, or another way is (Price-ATC) x Q. \n\nLet’s quickly review. We start with a flat demand curve which is also our marginal revenue curve. We then add a marginal cost curve. Using MR=MR we pinpoint the profit maximizing location and draw a line down to quantity. This are is total revenue. We then look at the Average Total Cost curve and pinpoint where it crosses our line and then draw a horizontal line. The area below this line is Total Cost and the area above is profit. \n\nLets look at another example.\n\nWe start with a flat demand curve which is also our marginal revenue curve. We then add a marginal cost curve. Using MR=MR we pinpoint the profit maximizing location and draw a line down to quantity. This are is total revenue. In this case the ATC curve is above the price line. If this is the case we will be looking for the location that minimizes losses. We pinpoint where ATC crosses our line and then draw a horizontal line. The area is Total Cost. Since Total Costs are larger than Total Revenue, this area represents our losses. Remember that using MC=MR we can figure out where our losses are minimized. \n\nAlright, now you know how to analyze Perfect Competition. \n\nDon’t forget you can rewind this video to make sure you understand how the graph works.\n
Perfect Competition\n\nIn this video we’re going to talk about Perfect Competition.\n\nFirst we’ll draw and label our price-quantity graph.\n\nThen we’ll draw the demand curve.\n\nRemember that under perfect competition there is one price level for all individual sellers. This means the demand curve is flat. This also means the marginal revenue curve is the same as the demand curve. So price and demand and marginal revenue are all on the same line.\n\nSo the first question we want to answer is “At what level should we produce to maximize profits?” We always answer this question with the equation MR=MC.\nSo we need to see a marginal cost curve. This curve is a “U-shape” to indicate that costs typically tend to decline and then increase. \n\nNow that we have a MR and a MC curve we can pin-point the intersection. \n\nThe next step is to draw a vertical line down to the Quantity axis. This line will point to the quantity we should produce to maximize profits. \n\nWe can then calculate Total Revenue. This is P times Q, or this area.\n\nThe next step is to calculate Total Costs. Total Costs are calculated as ATC x Q. We need the ATC curve to do this. Once we know the ATC then we pin-point the intersection of the ATC curve and the vertical line we drew. Then we daw a horizontal line from this point over to the price axis. The area below this line represents our total costs. \n\nNow we can calculate profits. The equation is TR -TC, or another way is (Price-ATC) x Q. \n\nLet’s quickly review. We start with a flat demand curve which is also our marginal revenue curve. We then add a marginal cost curve. Using MR=MR we pinpoint the profit maximizing location and draw a line down to quantity. This are is total revenue. We then look at the Average Total Cost curve and pinpoint where it crosses our line and then draw a horizontal line. The area below this line is Total Cost and the area above is profit. \n\nLets look at another example.\n\nWe start with a flat demand curve which is also our marginal revenue curve. We then add a marginal cost curve. Using MR=MR we pinpoint the profit maximizing location and draw a line down to quantity. This are is total revenue. In this case the ATC curve is above the price line. If this is the case we will be looking for the location that minimizes losses. We pinpoint where ATC crosses our line and then draw a horizontal line. The area is Total Cost. Since Total Costs are larger than Total Revenue, this area represents our losses. Remember that using MC=MR we can figure out where our losses are minimized. \n\nAlright, now you know how to analyze Perfect Competition. \n\nDon’t forget you can rewind this video to make sure you understand how the graph works.\n
Perfect Competition\n\nIn this video we’re going to talk about Perfect Competition.\n\nFirst we’ll draw and label our price-quantity graph.\n\nThen we’ll draw the demand curve.\n\nRemember that under perfect competition there is one price level for all individual sellers. This means the demand curve is flat. This also means the marginal revenue curve is the same as the demand curve. So price and demand and marginal revenue are all on the same line.\n\nSo the first question we want to answer is “At what level should we produce to maximize profits?” We always answer this question with the equation MR=MC.\nSo we need to see a marginal cost curve. This curve is a “U-shape” to indicate that costs typically tend to decline and then increase. \n\nNow that we have a MR and a MC curve we can pin-point the intersection. \n\nThe next step is to draw a vertical line down to the Quantity axis. This line will point to the quantity we should produce to maximize profits. \n\nWe can then calculate Total Revenue. This is P times Q, or this area.\n\nThe next step is to calculate Total Costs. Total Costs are calculated as ATC x Q. We need the ATC curve to do this. Once we know the ATC then we pin-point the intersection of the ATC curve and the vertical line we drew. Then we daw a horizontal line from this point over to the price axis. The area below this line represents our total costs. \n\nNow we can calculate profits. The equation is TR -TC, or another way is (Price-ATC) x Q. \n\nLet’s quickly review. We start with a flat demand curve which is also our marginal revenue curve. We then add a marginal cost curve. Using MR=MR we pinpoint the profit maximizing location and draw a line down to quantity. This are is total revenue. We then look at the Average Total Cost curve and pinpoint where it crosses our line and then draw a horizontal line. The area below this line is Total Cost and the area above is profit. \n\nLets look at another example.\n\nWe start with a flat demand curve which is also our marginal revenue curve. We then add a marginal cost curve. Using MR=MR we pinpoint the profit maximizing location and draw a line down to quantity. This are is total revenue. In this case the ATC curve is above the price line. If this is the case we will be looking for the location that minimizes losses. We pinpoint where ATC crosses our line and then draw a horizontal line. The area is Total Cost. Since Total Costs are larger than Total Revenue, this area represents our losses. Remember that using MC=MR we can figure out where our losses are minimized. \n\nAlright, now you know how to analyze Perfect Competition. \n\nDon’t forget you can rewind this video to make sure you understand how the graph works.\n
Perfect Competition\n\nIn this video we’re going to talk about Perfect Competition.\n\nFirst we’ll draw and label our price-quantity graph.\n\nThen we’ll draw the demand curve.\n\nRemember that under perfect competition there is one price level for all individual sellers. This means the demand curve is flat. This also means the marginal revenue curve is the same as the demand curve. So price and demand and marginal revenue are all on the same line.\n\nSo the first question we want to answer is “At what level should we produce to maximize profits?” We always answer this question with the equation MR=MC.\nSo we need to see a marginal cost curve. This curve is a “U-shape” to indicate that costs typically tend to decline and then increase. \n\nNow that we have a MR and a MC curve we can pin-point the intersection. \n\nThe next step is to draw a vertical line down to the Quantity axis. This line will point to the quantity we should produce to maximize profits. \n\nWe can then calculate Total Revenue. This is P times Q, or this area.\n\nThe next step is to calculate Total Costs. Total Costs are calculated as ATC x Q. We need the ATC curve to do this. Once we know the ATC then we pin-point the intersection of the ATC curve and the vertical line we drew. Then we daw a horizontal line from this point over to the price axis. The area below this line represents our total costs. \n\nNow we can calculate profits. The equation is TR -TC, or another way is (Price-ATC) x Q. \n\nLet’s quickly review. We start with a flat demand curve which is also our marginal revenue curve. We then add a marginal cost curve. Using MR=MR we pinpoint the profit maximizing location and draw a line down to quantity. This are is total revenue. We then look at the Average Total Cost curve and pinpoint where it crosses our line and then draw a horizontal line. The area below this line is Total Cost and the area above is profit. \n\nLets look at another example.\n\nWe start with a flat demand curve which is also our marginal revenue curve. We then add a marginal cost curve. Using MR=MR we pinpoint the profit maximizing location and draw a line down to quantity. This are is total revenue. In this case the ATC curve is above the price line. If this is the case we will be looking for the location that minimizes losses. We pinpoint where ATC crosses our line and then draw a horizontal line. The area is Total Cost. Since Total Costs are larger than Total Revenue, this area represents our losses. Remember that using MC=MR we can figure out where our losses are minimized. \n\nAlright, now you know how to analyze Perfect Competition. \n\nDon’t forget you can rewind this video to make sure you understand how the graph works.\n
Perfect Competition\n\nIn this video we’re going to talk about Perfect Competition.\n\nFirst we’ll draw and label our price-quantity graph.\n\nThen we’ll draw the demand curve.\n\nRemember that under perfect competition there is one price level for all individual sellers. This means the demand curve is flat. This also means the marginal revenue curve is the same as the demand curve. So price and demand and marginal revenue are all on the same line.\n\nSo the first question we want to answer is “At what level should we produce to maximize profits?” We always answer this question with the equation MR=MC.\nSo we need to see a marginal cost curve. This curve is a “U-shape” to indicate that costs typically tend to decline and then increase. \n\nNow that we have a MR and a MC curve we can pin-point the intersection. \n\nThe next step is to draw a vertical line down to the Quantity axis. This line will point to the quantity we should produce to maximize profits. \n\nWe can then calculate Total Revenue. This is P times Q, or this area.\n\nThe next step is to calculate Total Costs. Total Costs are calculated as ATC x Q. We need the ATC curve to do this. Once we know the ATC then we pin-point the intersection of the ATC curve and the vertical line we drew. Then we daw a horizontal line from this point over to the price axis. The area below this line represents our total costs. \n\nNow we can calculate profits. The equation is TR -TC, or another way is (Price-ATC) x Q. \n\nLet’s quickly review. We start with a flat demand curve which is also our marginal revenue curve. We then add a marginal cost curve. Using MR=MR we pinpoint the profit maximizing location and draw a line down to quantity. This are is total revenue. We then look at the Average Total Cost curve and pinpoint where it crosses our line and then draw a horizontal line. The area below this line is Total Cost and the area above is profit. \n\nLets look at another example.\n\nWe start with a flat demand curve which is also our marginal revenue curve. We then add a marginal cost curve. Using MR=MR we pinpoint the profit maximizing location and draw a line down to quantity. This are is total revenue. In this case the ATC curve is above the price line. If this is the case we will be looking for the location that minimizes losses. We pinpoint where ATC crosses our line and then draw a horizontal line. The area is Total Cost. Since Total Costs are larger than Total Revenue, this area represents our losses. Remember that using MC=MR we can figure out where our losses are minimized. \n\nAlright, now you know how to analyze Perfect Competition. \n\nDon’t forget you can rewind this video to make sure you understand how the graph works.\n
Perfect Competition\n\nIn this video we’re going to talk about Perfect Competition.\n\nFirst we’ll draw and label our price-quantity graph.\n\nThen we’ll draw the demand curve.\n\nRemember that under perfect competition there is one price level for all individual sellers. This means the demand curve is flat. This also means the marginal revenue curve is the same as the demand curve. So price and demand and marginal revenue are all on the same line.\n\nSo the first question we want to answer is “At what level should we produce to maximize profits?” We always answer this question with the equation MR=MC.\nSo we need to see a marginal cost curve. This curve is a “U-shape” to indicate that costs typically tend to decline and then increase. \n\nNow that we have a MR and a MC curve we can pin-point the intersection. \n\nThe next step is to draw a vertical line down to the Quantity axis. This line will point to the quantity we should produce to maximize profits. \n\nWe can then calculate Total Revenue. This is P times Q, or this area.\n\nThe next step is to calculate Total Costs. Total Costs are calculated as ATC x Q. We need the ATC curve to do this. Once we know the ATC then we pin-point the intersection of the ATC curve and the vertical line we drew. Then we daw a horizontal line from this point over to the price axis. The area below this line represents our total costs. \n\nNow we can calculate profits. The equation is TR -TC, or another way is (Price-ATC) x Q. \n\nLet’s quickly review. We start with a flat demand curve which is also our marginal revenue curve. We then add a marginal cost curve. Using MR=MR we pinpoint the profit maximizing location and draw a line down to quantity. This are is total revenue. We then look at the Average Total Cost curve and pinpoint where it crosses our line and then draw a horizontal line. The area below this line is Total Cost and the area above is profit. \n\nLets look at another example.\n\nWe start with a flat demand curve which is also our marginal revenue curve. We then add a marginal cost curve. Using MR=MR we pinpoint the profit maximizing location and draw a line down to quantity. This are is total revenue. In this case the ATC curve is above the price line. If this is the case we will be looking for the location that minimizes losses. We pinpoint where ATC crosses our line and then draw a horizontal line. The area is Total Cost. Since Total Costs are larger than Total Revenue, this area represents our losses. Remember that using MC=MR we can figure out where our losses are minimized. \n\nAlright, now you know how to analyze Perfect Competition. \n\nDon’t forget you can rewind this video to make sure you understand how the graph works.\n
Perfect Competition\n\nIn this video we’re going to talk about Perfect Competition.\n\nFirst we’ll draw and label our price-quantity graph.\n\nThen we’ll draw the demand curve.\n\nRemember that under perfect competition there is one price level for all individual sellers. This means the demand curve is flat. This also means the marginal revenue curve is the same as the demand curve. So price and demand and marginal revenue are all on the same line.\n\nSo the first question we want to answer is “At what level should we produce to maximize profits?” We always answer this question with the equation MR=MC.\nSo we need to see a marginal cost curve. This curve is a “U-shape” to indicate that costs typically tend to decline and then increase. \n\nNow that we have a MR and a MC curve we can pin-point the intersection. \n\nThe next step is to draw a vertical line down to the Quantity axis. This line will point to the quantity we should produce to maximize profits. \n\nWe can then calculate Total Revenue. This is P times Q, or this area.\n\nThe next step is to calculate Total Costs. Total Costs are calculated as ATC x Q. We need the ATC curve to do this. Once we know the ATC then we pin-point the intersection of the ATC curve and the vertical line we drew. Then we daw a horizontal line from this point over to the price axis. The area below this line represents our total costs. \n\nNow we can calculate profits. The equation is TR -TC, or another way is (Price-ATC) x Q. \n\nLet’s quickly review. We start with a flat demand curve which is also our marginal revenue curve. We then add a marginal cost curve. Using MR=MR we pinpoint the profit maximizing location and draw a line down to quantity. This are is total revenue. We then look at the Average Total Cost curve and pinpoint where it crosses our line and then draw a horizontal line. The area below this line is Total Cost and the area above is profit. \n\nLets look at another example.\n\nWe start with a flat demand curve which is also our marginal revenue curve. We then add a marginal cost curve. Using MR=MR we pinpoint the profit maximizing location and draw a line down to quantity. This are is total revenue. In this case the ATC curve is above the price line. If this is the case we will be looking for the location that minimizes losses. We pinpoint where ATC crosses our line and then draw a horizontal line. The area is Total Cost. Since Total Costs are larger than Total Revenue, this area represents our losses. Remember that using MC=MR we can figure out where our losses are minimized. \n\nAlright, now you know how to analyze Perfect Competition. \n\nDon’t forget you can rewind this video to make sure you understand how the graph works.\n
Perfect Competition\n\nIn this video we’re going to talk about Perfect Competition.\n\nFirst we’ll draw and label our price-quantity graph.\n\nThen we’ll draw the demand curve.\n\nRemember that under perfect competition there is one price level for all individual sellers. This means the demand curve is flat. This also means the marginal revenue curve is the same as the demand curve. So price and demand and marginal revenue are all on the same line.\n\nSo the first question we want to answer is “At what level should we produce to maximize profits?” We always answer this question with the equation MR=MC.\nSo we need to see a marginal cost curve. This curve is a “U-shape” to indicate that costs typically tend to decline and then increase. \n\nNow that we have a MR and a MC curve we can pin-point the intersection. \n\nThe next step is to draw a vertical line down to the Quantity axis. This line will point to the quantity we should produce to maximize profits. \n\nWe can then calculate Total Revenue. This is P times Q, or this area.\n\nThe next step is to calculate Total Costs. Total Costs are calculated as ATC x Q. We need the ATC curve to do this. Once we know the ATC then we pin-point the intersection of the ATC curve and the vertical line we drew. Then we daw a horizontal line from this point over to the price axis. The area below this line represents our total costs. \n\nNow we can calculate profits. The equation is TR -TC, or another way is (Price-ATC) x Q. \n\nLet’s quickly review. We start with a flat demand curve which is also our marginal revenue curve. We then add a marginal cost curve. Using MR=MR we pinpoint the profit maximizing location and draw a line down to quantity. This are is total revenue. We then look at the Average Total Cost curve and pinpoint where it crosses our line and then draw a horizontal line. The area below this line is Total Cost and the area above is profit. \n\nLets look at another example.\n\nWe start with a flat demand curve which is also our marginal revenue curve. We then add a marginal cost curve. Using MR=MR we pinpoint the profit maximizing location and draw a line down to quantity. This are is total revenue. In this case the ATC curve is above the price line. If this is the case we will be looking for the location that minimizes losses. We pinpoint where ATC crosses our line and then draw a horizontal line. The area is Total Cost. Since Total Costs are larger than Total Revenue, this area represents our losses. Remember that using MC=MR we can figure out where our losses are minimized. \n\nAlright, now you know how to analyze Perfect Competition. \n\nDon’t forget you can rewind this video to make sure you understand how the graph works.\n
Perfect Competition\n\nIn this video we’re going to talk about Perfect Competition.\n\nFirst we’ll draw and label our price-quantity graph.\n\nThen we’ll draw the demand curve.\n\nRemember that under perfect competition there is one price level for all individual sellers. This means the demand curve is flat. This also means the marginal revenue curve is the same as the demand curve. So price and demand and marginal revenue are all on the same line.\n\nSo the first question we want to answer is “At what level should we produce to maximize profits?” We always answer this question with the equation MR=MC.\nSo we need to see a marginal cost curve. This curve is a “U-shape” to indicate that costs typically tend to decline and then increase. \n\nNow that we have a MR and a MC curve we can pin-point the intersection. \n\nThe next step is to draw a vertical line down to the Quantity axis. This line will point to the quantity we should produce to maximize profits. \n\nWe can then calculate Total Revenue. This is P times Q, or this area.\n\nThe next step is to calculate Total Costs. Total Costs are calculated as ATC x Q. We need the ATC curve to do this. Once we know the ATC then we pin-point the intersection of the ATC curve and the vertical line we drew. Then we daw a horizontal line from this point over to the price axis. The area below this line represents our total costs. \n\nNow we can calculate profits. The equation is TR -TC, or another way is (Price-ATC) x Q. \n\nLet’s quickly review. We start with a flat demand curve which is also our marginal revenue curve. We then add a marginal cost curve. Using MR=MR we pinpoint the profit maximizing location and draw a line down to quantity. This are is total revenue. We then look at the Average Total Cost curve and pinpoint where it crosses our line and then draw a horizontal line. The area below this line is Total Cost and the area above is profit. \n\nLets look at another example.\n\nWe start with a flat demand curve which is also our marginal revenue curve. We then add a marginal cost curve. Using MR=MR we pinpoint the profit maximizing location and draw a line down to quantity. This are is total revenue. In this case the ATC curve is above the price line. If this is the case we will be looking for the location that minimizes losses. We pinpoint where ATC crosses our line and then draw a horizontal line. The area is Total Cost. Since Total Costs are larger than Total Revenue, this area represents our losses. Remember that using MC=MR we can figure out where our losses are minimized. \n\nAlright, now you know how to analyze Perfect Competition. \n\nDon’t forget you can rewind this video to make sure you understand how the graph works.\n
Perfect Competition\n\nIn this video we’re going to talk about Perfect Competition.\n\nFirst we’ll draw and label our price-quantity graph.\n\nThen we’ll draw the demand curve.\n\nRemember that under perfect competition there is one price level for all individual sellers. This means the demand curve is flat. This also means the marginal revenue curve is the same as the demand curve. So price and demand and marginal revenue are all on the same line.\n\nSo the first question we want to answer is “At what level should we produce to maximize profits?” We always answer this question with the equation MR=MC.\nSo we need to see a marginal cost curve. This curve is a “U-shape” to indicate that costs typically tend to decline and then increase. \n\nNow that we have a MR and a MC curve we can pin-point the intersection. \n\nThe next step is to draw a vertical line down to the Quantity axis. This line will point to the quantity we should produce to maximize profits. \n\nWe can then calculate Total Revenue. This is P times Q, or this area.\n\nThe next step is to calculate Total Costs. Total Costs are calculated as ATC x Q. We need the ATC curve to do this. Once we know the ATC then we pin-point the intersection of the ATC curve and the vertical line we drew. Then we daw a horizontal line from this point over to the price axis. The area below this line represents our total costs. \n\nNow we can calculate profits. The equation is TR -TC, or another way is (Price-ATC) x Q. \n\nLet’s quickly review. We start with a flat demand curve which is also our marginal revenue curve. We then add a marginal cost curve. Using MR=MR we pinpoint the profit maximizing location and draw a line down to quantity. This are is total revenue. We then look at the Average Total Cost curve and pinpoint where it crosses our line and then draw a horizontal line. The area below this line is Total Cost and the area above is profit. \n\nLets look at another example.\n\nWe start with a flat demand curve which is also our marginal revenue curve. We then add a marginal cost curve. Using MR=MR we pinpoint the profit maximizing location and draw a line down to quantity. This are is total revenue. In this case the ATC curve is above the price line. If this is the case we will be looking for the location that minimizes losses. We pinpoint where ATC crosses our line and then draw a horizontal line. The area is Total Cost. Since Total Costs are larger than Total Revenue, this area represents our losses. Remember that using MC=MR we can figure out where our losses are minimized. \n\nAlright, now you know how to analyze Perfect Competition. \n\nDon’t forget you can rewind this video to make sure you understand how the graph works.\n
Perfect Competition\n\nIn this video we’re going to talk about Perfect Competition.\n\nFirst we’ll draw and label our price-quantity graph.\n\nThen we’ll draw the demand curve.\n\nRemember that under perfect competition there is one price level for all individual sellers. This means the demand curve is flat. This also means the marginal revenue curve is the same as the demand curve. So price and demand and marginal revenue are all on the same line.\n\nSo the first question we want to answer is “At what level should we produce to maximize profits?” We always answer this question with the equation MR=MC.\nSo we need to see a marginal cost curve. This curve is a “U-shape” to indicate that costs typically tend to decline and then increase. \n\nNow that we have a MR and a MC curve we can pin-point the intersection. \n\nThe next step is to draw a vertical line down to the Quantity axis. This line will point to the quantity we should produce to maximize profits. \n\nWe can then calculate Total Revenue. This is P times Q, or this area.\n\nThe next step is to calculate Total Costs. Total Costs are calculated as ATC x Q. We need the ATC curve to do this. Once we know the ATC then we pin-point the intersection of the ATC curve and the vertical line we drew. Then we daw a horizontal line from this point over to the price axis. The area below this line represents our total costs. \n\nNow we can calculate profits. The equation is TR -TC, or another way is (Price-ATC) x Q. \n\nLet’s quickly review. We start with a flat demand curve which is also our marginal revenue curve. We then add a marginal cost curve. Using MR=MR we pinpoint the profit maximizing location and draw a line down to quantity. This are is total revenue. We then look at the Average Total Cost curve and pinpoint where it crosses our line and then draw a horizontal line. The area below this line is Total Cost and the area above is profit. \n\nLets look at another example.\n\nWe start with a flat demand curve which is also our marginal revenue curve. We then add a marginal cost curve. Using MR=MR we pinpoint the profit maximizing location and draw a line down to quantity. This are is total revenue. In this case the ATC curve is above the price line. If this is the case we will be looking for the location that minimizes losses. We pinpoint where ATC crosses our line and then draw a horizontal line. The area is Total Cost. Since Total Costs are larger than Total Revenue, this area represents our losses. Remember that using MC=MR we can figure out where our losses are minimized. \n\nAlright, now you know how to analyze Perfect Competition. \n\nDon’t forget you can rewind this video to make sure you understand how the graph works.\n
Perfect Competition\n\nIn this video we’re going to talk about Perfect Competition.\n\nFirst we’ll draw and label our price-quantity graph.\n\nThen we’ll draw the demand curve.\n\nRemember that under perfect competition there is one price level for all individual sellers. This means the demand curve is flat. This also means the marginal revenue curve is the same as the demand curve. So price and demand and marginal revenue are all on the same line.\n\nSo the first question we want to answer is “At what level should we produce to maximize profits?” We always answer this question with the equation MR=MC.\nSo we need to see a marginal cost curve. This curve is a “U-shape” to indicate that costs typically tend to decline and then increase. \n\nNow that we have a MR and a MC curve we can pin-point the intersection. \n\nThe next step is to draw a vertical line down to the Quantity axis. This line will point to the quantity we should produce to maximize profits. \n\nWe can then calculate Total Revenue. This is P times Q, or this area.\n\nThe next step is to calculate Total Costs. Total Costs are calculated as ATC x Q. We need the ATC curve to do this. Once we know the ATC then we pin-point the intersection of the ATC curve and the vertical line we drew. Then we daw a horizontal line from this point over to the price axis. The area below this line represents our total costs. \n\nNow we can calculate profits. The equation is TR -TC, or another way is (Price-ATC) x Q. \n\nLet’s quickly review. We start with a flat demand curve which is also our marginal revenue curve. We then add a marginal cost curve. Using MR=MR we pinpoint the profit maximizing location and draw a line down to quantity. This are is total revenue. We then look at the Average Total Cost curve and pinpoint where it crosses our line and then draw a horizontal line. The area below this line is Total Cost and the area above is profit. \n\nLets look at another example.\n\nWe start with a flat demand curve which is also our marginal revenue curve. We then add a marginal cost curve. Using MR=MR we pinpoint the profit maximizing location and draw a line down to quantity. This are is total revenue. In this case the ATC curve is above the price line. If this is the case we will be looking for the location that minimizes losses. We pinpoint where ATC crosses our line and then draw a horizontal line. The area is Total Cost. Since Total Costs are larger than Total Revenue, this area represents our losses. Remember that using MC=MR we can figure out where our losses are minimized. \n\nAlright, now you know how to analyze Perfect Competition. \n\nDon’t forget you can rewind this video to make sure you understand how the graph works.\n
Perfect Competition\n\nIn this video we’re going to talk about Perfect Competition.\n\nFirst we’ll draw and label our price-quantity graph.\n\nThen we’ll draw the demand curve.\n\nRemember that under perfect competition there is one price level for all individual sellers. This means the demand curve is flat. This also means the marginal revenue curve is the same as the demand curve. So price and demand and marginal revenue are all on the same line.\n\nSo the first question we want to answer is “At what level should we produce to maximize profits?” We always answer this question with the equation MR=MC.\nSo we need to see a marginal cost curve. This curve is a “U-shape” to indicate that costs typically tend to decline and then increase. \n\nNow that we have a MR and a MC curve we can pin-point the intersection. \n\nThe next step is to draw a vertical line down to the Quantity axis. This line will point to the quantity we should produce to maximize profits. \n\nWe can then calculate Total Revenue. This is P times Q, or this area.\n\nThe next step is to calculate Total Costs. Total Costs are calculated as ATC x Q. We need the ATC curve to do this. Once we know the ATC then we pin-point the intersection of the ATC curve and the vertical line we drew. Then we daw a horizontal line from this point over to the price axis. The area below this line represents our total costs. \n\nNow we can calculate profits. The equation is TR -TC, or another way is (Price-ATC) x Q. \n\nLet’s quickly review. We start with a flat demand curve which is also our marginal revenue curve. We then add a marginal cost curve. Using MR=MR we pinpoint the profit maximizing location and draw a line down to quantity. This are is total revenue. We then look at the Average Total Cost curve and pinpoint where it crosses our line and then draw a horizontal line. The area below this line is Total Cost and the area above is profit. \n\nLets look at another example.\n\nWe start with a flat demand curve which is also our marginal revenue curve. We then add a marginal cost curve. Using MR=MR we pinpoint the profit maximizing location and draw a line down to quantity. This are is total revenue. In this case the ATC curve is above the price line. If this is the case we will be looking for the location that minimizes losses. We pinpoint where ATC crosses our line and then draw a horizontal line. The area is Total Cost. Since Total Costs are larger than Total Revenue, this area represents our losses. Remember that using MC=MR we can figure out where our losses are minimized. \n\nAlright, now you know how to analyze Perfect Competition. \n\nDon’t forget you can rewind this video to make sure you understand how the graph works.\n
Perfect Competition\n\nIn this video we’re going to talk about Perfect Competition.\n\nFirst we’ll draw and label our price-quantity graph.\n\nThen we’ll draw the demand curve.\n\nRemember that under perfect competition there is one price level for all individual sellers. This means the demand curve is flat. This also means the marginal revenue curve is the same as the demand curve. So price and demand and marginal revenue are all on the same line.\n\nSo the first question we want to answer is “At what level should we produce to maximize profits?” We always answer this question with the equation MR=MC.\nSo we need to see a marginal cost curve. This curve is a “U-shape” to indicate that costs typically tend to decline and then increase. \n\nNow that we have a MR and a MC curve we can pin-point the intersection. \n\nThe next step is to draw a vertical line down to the Quantity axis. This line will point to the quantity we should produce to maximize profits. \n\nWe can then calculate Total Revenue. This is P times Q, or this area.\n\nThe next step is to calculate Total Costs. Total Costs are calculated as ATC x Q. We need the ATC curve to do this. Once we know the ATC then we pin-point the intersection of the ATC curve and the vertical line we drew. Then we daw a horizontal line from this point over to the price axis. The area below this line represents our total costs. \n\nNow we can calculate profits. The equation is TR -TC, or another way is (Price-ATC) x Q. \n\nLet’s quickly review. We start with a flat demand curve which is also our marginal revenue curve. We then add a marginal cost curve. Using MR=MR we pinpoint the profit maximizing location and draw a line down to quantity. This are is total revenue. We then look at the Average Total Cost curve and pinpoint where it crosses our line and then draw a horizontal line. The area below this line is Total Cost and the area above is profit. \n\nLets look at another example.\n\nWe start with a flat demand curve which is also our marginal revenue curve. We then add a marginal cost curve. Using MR=MR we pinpoint the profit maximizing location and draw a line down to quantity. This are is total revenue. In this case the ATC curve is above the price line. If this is the case we will be looking for the location that minimizes losses. We pinpoint where ATC crosses our line and then draw a horizontal line. The area is Total Cost. Since Total Costs are larger than Total Revenue, this area represents our losses. Remember that using MC=MR we can figure out where our losses are minimized. \n\nAlright, now you know how to analyze Perfect Competition. \n\nDon’t forget you can rewind this video to make sure you understand how the graph works.\n
Perfect Competition\n\nIn this video we’re going to talk about Perfect Competition.\n\nFirst we’ll draw and label our price-quantity graph.\n\nThen we’ll draw the demand curve.\n\nRemember that under perfect competition there is one price level for all individual sellers. This means the demand curve is flat. This also means the marginal revenue curve is the same as the demand curve. So price and demand and marginal revenue are all on the same line.\n\nSo the first question we want to answer is “At what level should we produce to maximize profits?” We always answer this question with the equation MR=MC.\nSo we need to see a marginal cost curve. This curve is a “U-shape” to indicate that costs typically tend to decline and then increase. \n\nNow that we have a MR and a MC curve we can pin-point the intersection. \n\nThe next step is to draw a vertical line down to the Quantity axis. This line will point to the quantity we should produce to maximize profits. \n\nWe can then calculate Total Revenue. This is P times Q, or this area.\n\nThe next step is to calculate Total Costs. Total Costs are calculated as ATC x Q. We need the ATC curve to do this. Once we know the ATC then we pin-point the intersection of the ATC curve and the vertical line we drew. Then we daw a horizontal line from this point over to the price axis. The area below this line represents our total costs. \n\nNow we can calculate profits. The equation is TR -TC, or another way is (Price-ATC) x Q. \n\nLet’s quickly review. We start with a flat demand curve which is also our marginal revenue curve. We then add a marginal cost curve. Using MR=MR we pinpoint the profit maximizing location and draw a line down to quantity. This are is total revenue. We then look at the Average Total Cost curve and pinpoint where it crosses our line and then draw a horizontal line. The area below this line is Total Cost and the area above is profit. \n\nLets look at another example.\n\nWe start with a flat demand curve which is also our marginal revenue curve. We then add a marginal cost curve. Using MR=MR we pinpoint the profit maximizing location and draw a line down to quantity. This are is total revenue. In this case the ATC curve is above the price line. If this is the case we will be looking for the location that minimizes losses. We pinpoint where ATC crosses our line and then draw a horizontal line. The area is Total Cost. Since Total Costs are larger than Total Revenue, this area represents our losses. Remember that using MC=MR we can figure out where our losses are minimized. \n\nAlright, now you know how to analyze Perfect Competition. \n\nDon’t forget you can rewind this video to make sure you understand how the graph works.\n
Perfect Competition\n\nIn this video we’re going to talk about Perfect Competition.\n\nFirst we’ll draw and label our price-quantity graph.\n\nThen we’ll draw the demand curve.\n\nRemember that under perfect competition there is one price level for all individual sellers. This means the demand curve is flat. This also means the marginal revenue curve is the same as the demand curve. So price and demand and marginal revenue are all on the same line.\n\nSo the first question we want to answer is “At what level should we produce to maximize profits?” We always answer this question with the equation MR=MC.\nSo we need to see a marginal cost curve. This curve is a “U-shape” to indicate that costs typically tend to decline and then increase. \n\nNow that we have a MR and a MC curve we can pin-point the intersection. \n\nThe next step is to draw a vertical line down to the Quantity axis. This line will point to the quantity we should produce to maximize profits. \n\nWe can then calculate Total Revenue. This is P times Q, or this area.\n\nThe next step is to calculate Total Costs. Total Costs are calculated as ATC x Q. We need the ATC curve to do this. Once we know the ATC then we pin-point the intersection of the ATC curve and the vertical line we drew. Then we daw a horizontal line from this point over to the price axis. The area below this line represents our total costs. \n\nNow we can calculate profits. The equation is TR -TC, or another way is (Price-ATC) x Q. \n\nLet’s quickly review. We start with a flat demand curve which is also our marginal revenue curve. We then add a marginal cost curve. Using MR=MR we pinpoint the profit maximizing location and draw a line down to quantity. This are is total revenue. We then look at the Average Total Cost curve and pinpoint where it crosses our line and then draw a horizontal line. The area below this line is Total Cost and the area above is profit. \n\nLets look at another example.\n\nWe start with a flat demand curve which is also our marginal revenue curve. We then add a marginal cost curve. Using MR=MR we pinpoint the profit maximizing location and draw a line down to quantity. This are is total revenue. In this case the ATC curve is above the price line. If this is the case we will be looking for the location that minimizes losses. We pinpoint where ATC crosses our line and then draw a horizontal line. The area is Total Cost. Since Total Costs are larger than Total Revenue, this area represents our losses. Remember that using MC=MR we can figure out where our losses are minimized. \n\nAlright, now you know how to analyze Perfect Competition. \n\nDon’t forget you can rewind this video to make sure you understand how the graph works.\n