1. PRESENT PERFECT TENSE ( P.P.T.)

3. The formula of P.P.T. is this : Have ______________ Has Past participle + They have been to N.Y. She has eaten frog´s leg. You haven’t studied a lot.

10. JUST I have just finished my exercise. He has just had lunch.

14. Indefinite Time I have been to New York. ( When ?? ) She has eaten frog´s leg. ( When ?? )

17. SINCE FOR I have studied here since 1.999. I have studied here for 5 years.

18. PRESENT PERFECT + for, since Using the present perfect, we can define a period of time before now by considering its starting point , with since + a point in time . Since + a point in time: since this morning, since last week, since yesterday, since I was a child, since Wednesday, since 2 o'clock .

19. SINCE I’ve ridden a bike since I was a child. I’ve ridden a bike since I was 12.

21. Using the present perfect, we can define a period of time before now by considering its duration, with for + a period of time. For + a period of time: for six years, for a week, for a month , for hours, for two hours .

22. FOR They’ve been married for 1 year. They’ve dated for 3 years.

25. I’VE STUDIED ENGLISH SINCE... FOR....

26. I went to school this morning. I have gone to school this morning. Which one is correct? ?

27. BOTH are correct !! I went to school this morning. ( now is more than midday, the morning has already finished !!) I have gone to school this morning. ( now is still morning, it hasn’t finished yet !!)

28. J ust E ver A lready N ever S ince F or Y et Pay attention to these words :

29. YET Have you taken a shower yet ? No, I haven’t taken it yet . INTERROGATIVE YET NEGATIVE

31. ALREADY I have already taken a shower. AFFIRMATIVE ALREADY INTERROGATIVE

33. Already refers to an action that has happened at an unspecified time before now. It suggests that there is no need for repetition. I've already drunk three coffees this morning . (and you're offering me another one!) Don't write to John, I've already done it.

36. Have you already eaten lobster? No, I haven’t eaten it yet . Have you eaten shrimp yet ? Yes, I have already eaten it. MD

37. EVER NEVER Have you ever ridden a horse? I have never ridden a horse.

39. Have you ever seen a witch? No, I haven’t. I’ve never seen a witch.

40. Have you ever sung in a choir? Yes, I have.

44. And there are more words... Lately / Recently / for a while I haven’t seen him lately . She has practiced tennis recently . You haven’t tried it for a while .

45. ... and more , Once / twice / 3 times / 4 times / etc. We have fought once . He has traveled to Chicago twice . I have had a cold 3 times this year.

48. To fail - failed - failed

49. To dance - danced - danced ballet

50. To drive - drove - driven

51. To have - had - had

52. To fly - flew - flown

53. To receive - d - d a love letter

54. Chess set To have - had - had

55. wallet To find - found - found

56. To lose - lost - lost Something valuable

68. Simple Past or Present Perfect

70. Compare these sentences

82. Let’s Practice

91. Write down the sentences. Use present perfect. Example: Snoopy / climb / onto his house. Snoopy has climbed onto his house. 1 Brian / play / football 2 Susan / read / her new book 3 I / find / some money in the street 4 Mr and Mrs Baker / have / an accident

92. 5 Tom Davis / win / the volleyball match 6 Alison Brown / lose / the swimming match 7 Mr Martin / make / breakfast for the boys 8 The girls / bring / some wood for the fire 9 The Snows / buy / a van for their holidays 10 Mrs Black / wash / the dishes

93. SIMPLE PAST OR PRESENT PERFECT ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?

94. 1. I ______________a great film yesterday. (see) 2. ________________a new car? (you ever buy) 3. Sue ______________the flu last winter. (have) 4. A few days ago we ______to his uncle. (drive) 5. They ____ bingo Wednesday afternoon. (play) 6. _________the bus to get there. (already take) 7. Last week my rabbit ___________away. (run)

95. EXERCISES P.P.T. SINCE - FOR

96. 1 I haven't been to Italy____________ 10 years. 2 She has lived in Paris _____________January. 3 Jim has studied__________ three hours. Now he is tired. 4 My friend has been ill __________a long time. 5 I haven't seen him____________ Easter. 6 He hasn't had a holiday __________last summer.

97. 7 The pilots have been on strike___ two months. 8 We've had terrible weather ________Saturday. 9 I've known Tom __________1990. 10 He hasn't done any work _________a month. 11 We have had this car _________1998. 12 We have been here __________ two hours.