Open Cloud - State of the art - Where do we stand for?

1. Open-cloud, where do we stand ?
Illustration under licence CC-by-nc Ivan Walsh
Philippe Scoffoni
http://philippe.scoffoni.net
philippe@scoffoni.net
This presentation is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 France (CC-BY) with the exception of images that illustrate (they remain
under their original copyright notice). Background image: © Julydfg - Fotolia.com

2. An itinerant concept of
High School University Humanitarian Aid
LEARNING
Exhibitions/Conferences/ Childhood
Primary School
Workshops ASSOCIATIONS
Educational Training
Supports Integration
Support RESEARCH
Seniors COMPANIES
SOCIAL Creation
Health INDUSTRIES
Disasters Handicap
DEVELOPPEMENTS
Concepton Coordinating SERVICES
PUBLIC HEALTH Projects
Civil Tele
Communication TRADE
Security EMPLOYEMENTS WORKING
Collaborative
MARKET ECONOMY Trade Shows
MUNICIPALITIES Fairs Colloquiums
Rurality Managment Exhibitions
CITIZENS
TOWN CENERS
Water History TOURISM
Power TELECOMS USERS Museums
Roads Office Heritage
Housing Land Registry
Environment
Memory LEISURE ACTIVITIES
Entertainments
CULTURE
Town Planning

3. Cloud computing
Emergence on the web of the « buzz-word »
Situation overview
Source Google Trends

4. Present & future
Worldwide income of cloud computing services
exceeded $ 68 billion in 2010, which represent an
increase of 16.6% over 2009. The market should
reach $ 148 billion in 2014 and 240 billion in 2020
according to the Forrester research company.
Situation overview
Source : Gartner Group / Cabinet Forrester
31% of French companies will use the SaaS in 2011.
SMEs (49%, 10 points more than in 2010) and TPE
(44%) do both present the highest rate of requests
Source

5. Definition
What characterizes cloud computing
●
A self-service access upon request
●
Ubiquitous access to the network
●
Pooling of the resources
Situation overview
●
Fast flexibility
●
A service continuously monitored
●
Is « multi-tenant », with one version of the
service for all customers.
Source : http://www.econo-blog.com/blog/quelle-definition-pour-le-cloud-computing/

6. Service Model
IaaS : Infrastructure as a Service
Illustration sous licence CC-By Nicolas Hennion
Da ta
Ressources such as :
●
power machine
A pplic a tio n s
Storage space (GB)
YOU
●
●
Connectivity / Security
A P I / F ra m e w o rk
are made available
Situation overview
O pe ra tin g S y s te m
T a rg e ts : Any person Da ta b a s e
responsible for IT Structures v irtu a l s e rve r
(C P U / A M/
R DIS K )
W h o : Amazon , Blue Cloud
(IBM), RackSpace, GoGrid S h a re d S to ra g e
IaaS
OVH, Gandi
C o n n e c tiv ity / e c u rity
s

7. Service Model
PaaS : Plateform as a Service
Illustration sous licence CC-By Nicolas Hennion
Da ta
Accessibility to a platform for
running applications for a
A pplic a t io n s YOU
particular programming
language.
A P I / F ra m e w o rk
Situation overview
T a rg e ts : developers O pe ra ting S y s te m
Da t a b a s e
W h o : Google App Engine v irtu a l s e rve r
(Python), Microsoft Azur, (C P U / A M/
R DIS K )
PHP/Mysql, Ruby on Rail
specialized hostings... S h a re d S t o ra g e
PaaS
C o n n e c t iv ity / e c u rity
s

8. Service Model
SaaS : Software as a Service
YOU
Illustration sous licence CC-By Nicolas Hennion
Da t a
Accessibility to a complete
application
A pplic a tio n s
T a rg e t : the final userl
A P I / F ra m e w o rk
Situation overview
Pricing : depending on the
O pe ra tin g S y s t e m
number of users, volume of Da t a b a s e
Created by jonas_therkildsen Attribution-Share Alike 2.0 Generic
stored data, etc
v irt u a l s e r ve r
(C P U / A M/
R DIS K )
Who:
S h a re d S to ra g e
SaaS
C o n n e c t iv it y / e c u rit y
s

9. Cloud Computing Why
●
Scalability on demand
●
Low entry costs
●
Total or partial absence of system
administration
●
no hardwares management
●
you only pay for what you use
A t ru ly g o o d de a l ?

10. The limits of cloud computing
●
Perenity of the suppliers
●
No control over the development of the used applications
●
Legal risks associated with the localization of the data
●
Reversibility
●
Loss of certification
●
Low interoperability between services
●
Data vendor lock-in
F rig h t e n in g ?
BUT

11. Free and open source software
●
They underlie the rise of cloud computing
●
the major players use them :
●
Amazon
●
Google
●
Core system : Linux, BSD
●
Virtualization engine : Xen, KVM
●
Managing the cloud : Eucalyptus, OpenStack,
Globus Nimbus, Open Nebula, Enomaly ECP,
Niftyname, IN-VIGO

12. Avoiding clouds captivity
Several axes :
●
Clouds are powered by free software or open
source → developing them to improve
interoperability; definition of open standards
●
Defining and communicating the concept of
free/libre services or Free/libre web services
●
Refusing cloud computing

13. Enable interoperability
Associations promoting standardization and interoperability
of the cloud computing’ offers..
Citrix, Cisco, Yahoo!, Calit2 (UCSD), Johns Hopkins
University, StarLight (Northwestern University), University of
Chicago,University of Illinois at Chicago, Nasa, AIST
http://opencloudconsortium.org/

14. Enable interoperability
Open Cloud Manifesto
The manifesto aims to define the principles of
interoperability in order for cloud computing to
be an open technology..
Carried by VMware, Red Hat, Sun, la fondation
Eclipse et AMD
Signed by over 400 compagnies
http://www.opencloudmanifesto.org/

15. Enable interoperability
Open Cloud Initiative
A n o n -p ro fit a d v o c a te o f o p e n c lo u d c o m p u tin g
Institution designed to create a legal framework
within which the users’ community of cloud
computing and suppliers can easily agree.
http://www.opencloudinitiative.org/

16. Enable interoperability
OW2 Open Source Cloudware initiative
Initiative to provide and promote an "integrated
portfolio of open source software components for
cloud computing
http://www.ow2.org/view/Cloud/

17. Enable interoperability
Cloud Security Alliance
A mix of user companies and vendors
Promote the use of best practices for providing
security assurance within Cloud Computing, and
provide education on the uses of Cloud Computing
to help secure all other forms of computing.
https://cloudsecurityalliance.org/

18. Enable interoperability
Distributed Management Task Force
Maintains and promotes standards for systems
management in enterprise IT environments
Carried by AMD, Cisco, Dell, EMC, Fujitsu,
Hewlett-Packard, Hitachi, IBM, Intel, Microsoft,
Novell, Oracle, Sun Microsystems, Symantec
et des universités

19. Enable interoperability
Initiatives from software’s vendors alone or
grouped
●
Free Cloud Alliance (IELO, Mandriva, Nexedi, TioLive)
●
Xen Cloud Platform (Citrix)
●
OpenStack (Nasa, Rackpsace, Citrix, Dell + 125 companies)
●
OpenShift (RedHat)
●
Compatible One (14 partners)
●
And much more…

20. Enable interoperability
UNHOSTED.ORG
A community innitiative
Separation of data and applications
http://unhosted.org/

21. Enable interoperability
Missing ones :
Google
Amazon
Salesforce.com
Microsoft
Open cloud : A scattered approach without a real
consensus but leaders are emerging

22. Defining the criterias for a free/open service
Based on the terms of the general conditions of service
TIO (Total Information Outsourcing) open
●
Freedom of the datas : it is possible to migrate all user data including configuration and logs
to an infrastructure operated by any other party. Data must be provided in a format which is
fully specified and documented, and which can parsed by the user with common of the shelf
software.
TIO Libres
●
Freedom of the datas : Same as previously
●
Freedom of the softwares : all software required for a client to leave and benefit from the
same service on a standalone infrastructure operated by any other party is distributed as Free
Software
●
No legal lock should prevent a competitor from copying or trying to provide the same service
Source : FFII (Foundation for a Free Information Infrastructure )

23. Defining the criterias for a free/open service
Based on the terms of the general conditions of service
TIO Loyalty
●
Access rights: It should be possible for this service to be used by anyone, anywhere
and without any discrimination.
●
Privata data rights : no data related to the use of the service can be provided to third
parties even anonymized without the prior consent of the customer on a case by
case basis (request for agreement on each diffusion)
●
Duty of information : The customer must be informed of each incident or changes that
may cause or have caused a security risk for the service.
●
Disclosure Right : The service provider must take appropriate measures to ensure
that the service’s terms of use are met by its employees or suppliers. These
measures should be available upon customer’s request
Source : FFI (Foundation for a Free Information Infrastructure )

24. Defining the criterias for a free/open service
Some observations about TIO and SaaS:
● It is important to distinguish the Saas services
based on proprietary software that can be
installed in its site from the « pure cloud » offers
● The execution platform can be closed but the
data open and the software free

25. Conclusion
Illustration sous licence CC-By Nicolas Hennion
Da t a
A pplic a t io n s
A P I / F ra m e w o rk
O pe ra t in g S y s t e m
Da t a b a s e
V irtu a l S e r ve r
C P U / R A M / DIS K
S h a re d
S t o ra g e
C o nn e c t iv it y / e c u rit y
S
net neutrality Internet disponibility

26. Conclusion
And tomorrow, which open cloud ?
A totaly decentralized cloud using peer to peer ?
Your ideas are welcome

27. The end
T HA N K Y O U F O R Y O U R
AT T E N T IO N
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